# syndication_item

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type: Rss
title: Explainer | Titanic-onderzeeër implodeerde: dit experiment laat zien hoe dat werkt
categories: Algemeen|Buitenland|Video's
link:
https://www.nu.nl/buitenland/6269368/titanic-onderzeeer-implodeerde-dit-experiment-laat-zien-hoe-dat-werkt.html

description:
De onderzeeër die richting de Titanic ging, implodeerde volgens de Amerikaanse marine al binnen enkele uren. Hoe ziet dat imploderen eruit en hoe snel is dat gegaan?


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type: Rss
title: Fraudecheck DUO stilgelegd na bericht dat migratieachtergrond vaak voorkwam
categories: Algemeen|Binnenland|Binnen- en buitenland
link:
https://www.nu.nl/binnenland/6269384/fraudecheck-duo-stilgelegd-na-bericht-dat-migratieachtergrond-vaak-voorkwam.html

description:
Het computersysteem dat DUO gebruikt om te bepalen welke studenten worden gecontroleerd op fraude met hun studiefinanciering, wordt per direct stilgelegd. Uit eerdere berichtgeving was gebleken dat studenten met een migratieachtergrond opvallend vaak worden gecontroleerd.


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type: Rss
title: Zomerchaos op Schiphol kwam door drang om zo goedkoop mogelijk te werken
categories: Economie|Algemeen
link:
https://www.nu.nl/economie/6269385/zomerchaos-op-schiphol-kwam-door-drang-om-zo-goedkoop-mogelijk-te-werken.html

description:
De chaos die vorig jaar op Schiphol ontstond, kwam doordat op de luchthaven veel werk was uitbesteed en alles zo goedkoop mogelijk moest. Ook blijkt dat er in het najaar van 2021 al signalen waren dat het in 2022 mis zou gaan.


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type: Rss
title: Kabinet komt in september met eigen plan voor de landbouwsector
categories: Algemeen|Politiek|Binnen- en buitenland
link:
https://www.nu.nl/politiek/6269357/kabinet-komt-in-september-met-eigen-plan-voor-de-landbouwsector.html

description:
Het kabinet neemt deze zomer de tijd om een eigen plan voor de landbouwsector te maken. Het pakket moet in september klaar zijn. Het komt in de plaats van het geklapte landbouwakkoord.


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type: Rss
title: Weekendweerbericht: Zon maakt overuren in aanloop naar wisselvallige week
categories: Algemeen|Binnenland|Binnen- en buitenland
link:
https://www.nu.nl/binnenland/6269369/weekendweerbericht-zon-maakt-overuren-in-aanloop-naar-wisselvallige-week.html

description:
De komende dagen gaat de zon weer volop schijnen en kunnen de zonnebrillen en zonnebrandflessen mee de weekendtassen in. Maar volgende week neemt de kans op wisselvallig weer toe, zegt Weerplaza.


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type: Rss
title: Shell krijgt in VS rechtszaak aan zijn broek vanwege extreme hittegolf
categories: Economie|Algemeen|Klimaat
link:
https://www.nu.nl/economie/6269323/shell-krijgt-in-vs-rechtszaak-aan-zijn-broek-vanwege-extreme-hittegolf.html

description:
Het bestuur van een Amerikaanse regio wil van Shell en andere bedrijven een forse schadevergoeding vanwege de gevolgen van klimaatverandering. Volgens de aanklager hebben de concerns met pr-campagnes en dubieuze wetenschappelijke claims bewust twijfel over het klimaatprobleem gezaaid.


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type: Rss
title: Kabinet zet werk aan zeventien wegen voorlopig in ijskast door onder meer stikstof
categories: Economie|Algemeen|Binnenland|Politiek
link:
https://www.nu.nl/binnenland/6269340/kabinet-zet-werk-aan-zeventien-wegen-voorlopig-in-ijskast-door-onder-meer-stikstof.html

description:
Het ministerie  van Infrastructuur en Waterstaat zet zeventien projecten aan Nederlandse wegen op pauze, onder meer vanwege de stikstofproblematiek.


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type: Rss
title: NU+ | Na doorbraak meteen op Concert at SEA: 'Ondanks zenuwen wel gegeten'
categories: Algemeen|Muziek|Media en Cultuur
link:
https://www.nu.nl/muziek/6269245/na-doorbraak-meteen-op-concert-at-sea-ondanks-zenuwen-wel-gegeten.html

description:
Claude en Zoë Tauran zijn niet meer weg te denken van de radio. Door hun succes staan de twee jonge artiesten op Concert at SEA in een line-up met Anouk, Guus Meeuwis en BLØF. En dat is best spannend. "Ik heb altijd even een momentje dat ik denk: ik wil dit helemaal niet."


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type: Rss
title: Zanger Hans de Booij krijgt woningaanbiedingen na noodkreet: 'Heb weer hoop'
categories: Algemeen|Achterklap|Veel bekeken|Goed nieuws
link:
https://www.nu.nl/achterklap/6269257/zanger-hans-de-booij-krijgt-woningaanbiedingen-na-noodkreet-heb-weer-hoop.html

description:
Hans de Booij kan zijn caravan waarschijnlijk binnenkort verlaten. De 65-jarige zanger heeft diverse woningen aangeboden gekregen nadat hij vertelde door financiële problemen zonder huis te zitten.


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type: Rss
title: Jonge BMX'er raakt zwaargewond bij training voor World Cup op Papendal
categories: Algemeen|Sport|Sport Overig
link:
https://www.nu.nl/sport-overig/6269316/jonge-bmxer-raakt-zwaargewond-bij-training-voor-world-cup-op-papendal.html

description:
Een jonge BMX'er is vrijdag zwaargewond geraakt bij een training voor de World Cup-wedstrijden op Papendal. Het is onduidelijk wat er precies is gebeurd.


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type: Rss
title: Experts vinden omstandigheden voor gevangenen als Ridouan Taghi te streng
categories: Algemeen|Binnenland|Binnen- en buitenland
link:
https://www.nu.nl/binnenland/6269284/experts-vinden-omstandigheden-voor-gevangenen-als-ridouan-taghi-te-streng.html

description:
Deskundigen noemen de strenge veiligheidsmaatregelen in de extra beveiligde inrichting in Vught buitensporig. Maatregelen als het routinematig boeien van gevangenen als Ridouan Taghi kan volgens hen "niet worden gerechtvaardigd".


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type: Rss
title: Vakbond en Tour-directie in gesprek over gevaarlijke afdalingen na dood Mäder
categories: Algemeen|Sport|Wielrennen
link:
https://www.nu.nl/wielrennen/6269315/vakbond-en-tour-directie-in-gesprek-over-gevaarlijke-afdalingen-na-dood-mader.html

description:
De rennersvakbond CPA Cycling gaat met de directie van de Tour de France, de internationale wielerbond UCI en Tour-ploegen in gesprek over gevaarlijke afdalingen. Na de dood van de Zwitserse renner Gino Mäder is er veel discussie over het parcours bij wielerwedstrijden.


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type: Rss
title: PvdA gaat strijd aan met in opspraak gekomen VVD'er om voorzitterschap senaat
categories: Algemeen|Politiek|Binnen- en buitenland
link:
https://www.nu.nl/politiek/6269306/pvda-gaat-strijd-aan-met-in-opspraak-gekomen-vvder-om-voorzitterschap-senaat.html

description:
PvdA'er Mei-Li Vos doet een gooi naar het voorzitterschap van de Eerste Kamer. Ze neemt het op tegen VVD-senator Jan Anthonie Bruijn, die onlangs in opspraak kwam vanwege zijn gedrag.


link: https://www.nu.nl/videos/6269304/spaanse-politie-waarschuwt-voor-diefstal-via-spuugtruc.html
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type: Rss
title: Video | Spaanse politie waarschuwt voor diefstal via 'spuugtruc'
categories: Algemeen|Video's
description:
De politie van Catalonië heeft zondag beelden gedeeld van zogenoemde spuugtrucs in Barcelona. Agenten willen waarschuwen voor deze vorm van diefstal, die vooral op straat en in het openbaar vervoer plaatsvindt.


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type: Rss
title: Honderd dagen na de verkiezingen zijn pas vijf provincies klaar met formeren
categories: Algemeen|Politiek|Binnen- en buitenland
link:
https://www.nu.nl/politiek/6269123/honderd-dagen-na-de-verkiezingen-zijn-pas-vijf-provincies-klaar-met-formeren.html

description:
Het is alweer honderd dagen geleden dat we naar de stembus gingen om de leden van de Provinciale Staten te kiezen. Sindsdien hebben pas vijf provincies een coalitieakkoord met daarin het beleidsprogramma voor de komende vier jaar gepresenteerd.


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read: False
type: Rss
title: Verdachte steekpartij Den Haag vroeg hulp, maar kreeg die niet vanwege agressie
categories: Algemeen|Binnenland|Binnen- en buitenland
link:
https://www.nu.nl/binnenland/6269281/verdachte-steekpartij-den-haag-vroeg-hulp-maar-kreeg-die-niet-vanwege-agressie.html

description:
De verdachte van de dodelijke steekpartij in een supermarkt waarbij dinsdag een medewerkster om het leven kwam, heeft de gemeente eerder twee keer om hulp gevraagd. De man kreeg die hulp niet omdat hij agressief en intimiderend was, schrijft de gemeente in een brief.


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read: False
type: Rss
title: Directie vrouwengevangenis Nieuwersluis doet aangifte om wangedrag personeel
categories: Algemeen|Binnenland|Binnen- en buitenland
link:
https://www.nu.nl/binnenland/6269287/directie-vrouwengevangenis-nieuwersluis-doet-aangifte-om-wangedrag-personeel.html

description:
De directie van de vrouwengevangenis in Nieuwersluis bij Utrecht heeft aangifte gedaan van mogelijk wangedrag door medewerkers. Vrouwelijke gedetineerden kregen onder meer te maken met seksueel getinte opmerkingen, grensoverschrijdend gedrag en pesten.


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type: Rss
title: In beeld | Na een week vertraging ligt de nieuwe haring nu toch in de winkels
categories: Algemeen|Binnenland|Binnen- en buitenland
link:
https://www.nu.nl/binnenland/6269148/na-een-week-vertraging-ligt-de-nieuwe-haring-nu-toch-in-de-winkels.html

description:
Na een week vertraging is de nieuwe haring vanaf vrijdag in de winkels te vinden. Het seizoen start altijd met de traditionele veiling van het eerste vaatje. De lancering werd uitgesteld omdat de vissen niet vet genoeg waren.


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type: Rss
title: Man klimt in kerktoren in Meerssen en maakt buurt wakker door klokken te luiden
categories: Algemeen|Opmerkelijk|Binnenland|Binnen- en buitenland
link:
https://www.nu.nl/binnenland/6269273/man-klimt-in-kerktoren-in-meerssen-en-maakt-buurt-wakker-door-klokken-te-luiden.html

description:
Een arrestatieteam van de politie heeft vrijdagochtend een 33-jarige man uit een kerktoren in het Limburgse Meerssen gehaald. Om middernacht luidde hij de kerkklokken. Hij is aangehouden en zit vast.


link: https://www.nu.nl/buitenland/6269274/wat-wil-jij-nog-weten-over-het-onderzeeerdrama.html
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read: False
type: Rss
title: Wat wil jij nog weten over het onderzeeërdrama?
categories: Algemeen|Buitenland|Stelling
description:
Een particuliere onderzeeër die toeristen naar het wrak van de Titanic moest brengen, is hoogstwaarschijnlijk geïmplodeerd onderweg naar de diepte. Heb jij vragen over het drama? Stel ze dan hier. Marinejournalist Jaime Karremann zit vandaag klaar om jullie vragen te beantwoorden.


link: https://www.nu.nl/videos/6269262/autos-in-de-problemen-door-noodweer-in-duitsland.html
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type: Rss
title: Video | Auto's in de problemen door noodweer in Duitsland
categories: Algemeen|Video's
description:
Net als Nederland kreeg Duitsland donderdag te maken met noodweer. In veel delen van het land was code rood van kracht en werd gewaarschuwd voor extreme stormen.


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read: False
type: Rss
title: We houden gemiddeld iets meer geld over door loonstijging en gewerkte uren
categories: Economie|Algemeen|NUverder
link:
https://www.nu.nl/economie/6269259/we-houden-gemiddeld-iets-meer-geld-over-door-loonstijging-en-gewerkte-uren.html

description:
Nederlandse huishoudens hadden in het eerste kwartaal van dit jaar gemiddeld 1,7 procent meer te besteden dan een jaar eerder. Stijgende lonen en meer gewerkte uren zijn de belangrijkste oorzaken.


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type: Rss
title: Komend weekend rijden er bijna geen treinen van en naar Rotterdam
categories: Algemeen|Binnenland|Binnen- en buitenland
link:
https://www.nu.nl/binnenland/6269258/komend-weekend-rijden-er-bijna-geen-treinen-van-en-naar-rotterdam.html

description:
Zaterdag en zondag vinden er grote werkzaamheden plaats op het spoor in Rotterdam. Daarom rijden er dit weekend geen treinen van en naar Rotterdam Centraal, station Blaak en station Rotterdam Zuid, meldt NS.


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type: Rss
title: Nacht vol explosies en luchtaanvallen in heel Oekraïne
categories: Algemeen|Buitenland|Oorlog in Oekraïne|Binnen- en buitenland
link:
https://www.nu.nl/spanningen-oekraine/6269253/nacht-vol-explosies-en-luchtaanvallen-in-heel-oekraine.html

description:
In heel Oekraïne waren vannacht explosies te horen. Meerdere kruisraketten zijn neergehaald. Ook vrijdagochtend wordt gewaarschuwd voor Russische luchtaanvallen op verschillende steden.


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type: Rss
title: Explainer | Hoe supermarkten worstelen met de plakkende ingeleverde blikjes
categories: Economie|Algemeen|Binnenland|Video's
link:
https://www.nu.nl/binnenland/6269226/hoe-supermarkten-worstelen-met-de-plakkende-ingeleverde-blikjes.html

description:
Bij het inleveren van statiegeldblikjes in de supermarkt hoort inmiddels een kleverige boodschappentas. Voor de consument al vervelend, maar de plakzooi is voor de supermarkten helemaal geen goed nieuws. Machines lopen vast en er moet veel schoongemaakt worden. Hoe gaan supermarkten ermee om?


link: https://www.nu.nl/binnenland/6269251/grote-uitslaande-brand-in-papierloods-in-purmerend.html
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read: False
type: Rss
title: Grote uitslaande brand in papierloods in Purmerend
categories: Algemeen|Binnenland|Binnen- en buitenland
description:
In een papierloods in Purmerend woedt vrijdag een grote uitslaande brand. De brandweer probeert het vuur al de hele nacht te blussen. Omwonenden wordt aangeraden om ramen en deuren dicht te houden.


link: https://www.nu.nl/binnenland/6269250/weerbericht-veel-zon-met-hier-en-daar-een-verdwaalde-wolk.html
encoded_syndication_url: aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnUubmwvcnNzL0FsZ2VtZWVu
read: False
type: Rss
title: Weerbericht: Veel zon met hier en daar een verdwaalde wolk
categories: Algemeen|Binnenland|Binnen- en buitenland
description:
Vrijdag is er opnieuw ruimte voor veel zonneschijn, met hier en daar een verdwaalde wolk. Het wordt 20 tot 26 graden.


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read: False
type: Rss
title: Eerste van 2000 flexwoningen voor starters in Rotterdam geplaatst
authors: Redactie Rotterdam
link:
https://www.ad.nl/rotterdam/eerste-van-2000-flexwoningen-voor-starters-in-rotterdam-geplaatst~adf0297e/

description:
Vrijdag is in Rotterdam-Feijenoord begonnen met het plaatsen van de eerste van in totaal 2000 zogeheten flexwoningen die verspreid over de stad moeten komen. De veelal sociale huurwoningen zijn bedoeld om het schrale aanbod voor starters en herstarters op de huizenmarkt te verbeteren.


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read: False
type: Rss
authors: Raymond Boere
link:
https://www.ad.nl/buitenland/amsterdamse-zus-keek-met-slachtoffer-duikbootdrama-bijna-iedere-dag-naar-titanic-film-hij-is-nu-een-legende~a20737ab/

title:
Amsterdamse zus keek met slachtoffer duikbootdrama bijna iedere dag naar Titanic-film: ‘Hij is nu een legende’

description:
De Amsterdamse zus van de Pakistaanse man die samen met zijn zoon omkwam tijdens het duikbootdrama bij de Titanic ging afgelopen dagen door een hel. Ze troost zich met de gedachte dat ze niet hebben geleden. ,,Ze zijn nu onderdeel van de Titanic-geschiedenis. Dat was misschien wel de allergrootste droom van mijn broer.’’


link: https://www.ad.nl/commentaar/onderwijs-heeft-krachtig-bestuurder-nodig-geen-krachttermen~adc7c2c1/
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type: Rss
title: Onderwijs heeft krachtig bestuurder nodig, geen krachttermen
authors: Hans van Soest
description:
Het aftreden van onderwijsminister Dennis Wiersma was onvermijdelijk. Een minister kan niet aanhoudend onderwerp blijven van discussie om zijn gedrag. Hij heeft zelf toegegeven dat hij soms te ver ging in het aansturen van zijn medewerkers, schrijft politiek verslaggever Hans van Soest in dit commentaar.


link: https://www.ad.nl/gezond/presentator-renze-klamer-met-youtube-heb-ik-mezelf-leren-koken~a2a601f5/
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type: Rss
title: Presentator Renze Klamer: ‘Met YouTube heb ik mezelf leren koken’
authors: Jolanda van der Ploeg >
description:
Zijn moeder had hem liefdevol ontzorgd, dus koken kon Renze Klamer niet. Lang leve YouTube en de slager die hem redt in drukke tijden. En door een voedselvergiftiging zei hij de exotische sapjes vaarwel. In de Mezza-rubriek Hemd van het Lijf vertellen BN’ers over hun gezondheid.


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type: Rss
title: TransferTalk | Sparta versterkt zich met verdediger van Barça, Hilgers gaat verlengen bij FC Twente
authors: Sportredactie
link:
https://www.ad.nl/transfer-talk/transfertalk-sparta-versterkt-zich-met-verdediger-van-barca-hilgers-gaat-verlengen-bij-fc-twente~a133c567/

description:
De internationale transferwindow staat voor de deur. Dat betekent weer een zomer lang potentiële transfers, geruchten en done deals. Welke spelers worden gekocht of verkocht? En welke trainers zijn gewild? Volg de laatste ontwikkelingen in onze rubriek TransferTalk.


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type: Rss
title: Foppe de Haan neemt het op voor Ruud van Nistelrooij: ‘Schandalig hoe PSV met hem is omgesprongen’
authors: Dennis van Bergen
link:
https://www.ad.nl/nederlands-voetbal/foppe-de-haan-neemt-het-op-voor-ruud-van-nistelrooij-schandalig-hoe-psv-met-hem-is-omgesprongen~a2d771f8/

description:
Foppe de Haan vindt het schandalig hoe PSV is omgegaan met Ruud van Nistelrooij, die voor de laatste speelronde opstapte omdat hij zich niet langer gesteund voelde. Dat vertelt de oud-trainer in een uitgebreid interview met deze site, dat morgen op zijn tachtigste verjaardag verschijnt.


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type: Rss
title: Deze ‘kleine’ ontstekingen kunnen een voorbode zijn van chronische ziektes
authors: Anne Van Asseldonk
link:
https://www.ad.nl/gezond/deze-kleine-ontstekingen-kunnen-een-voorbode-zijn-van-chronische-ziektes~a65b844c/

description:
Zwelling, koorts en pijn: een ontsteking is geen pretje, maar wel een noodzakelijk middel voor ons lichaam om weefsel mee te herstellen na een beschadiging of infectie. Een laaggradige ontsteking kan zich echter voordoen zonder dat je het merkt. Onderzoekers denken dat deze ‘kleine’ ontstekingen kunnen leiden tot grotere gezondheidsproblemen. Wat zijn laaggradige ontstekingen precies en wat kun je ertegen doen?


link: https://www.ad.nl/show/acteur-en-musicalster-willem-nijholt-88-overleden~ab78ab92/
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type: Rss
title: Acteur en musicalster Willem Nijholt (88) overleden
authors: Maxime Segers
description:
Willem Nijholt is op 88-jarige leeftijd overleden. Dat maakt een woordvoerder van de familie bekend. De bekende acteur, zanger en danser is in Amsterdam ‘vredig thuis ingeslapen’.


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type: Rss
title: Dit is de meest foute track van 2023 volgens de luisteraars van Qmusic
authors: Maxime Segers
link:
https://www.ad.nl/show/dit-is-de-meest-foute-track-van-2023-volgens-de-luisteraars-van-qmusic~ad8518ef/

description:
Het feestnummer Schultenbräu van Chantal Janzen en Donnie is door de luisteraars van Qmusic uitgeroepen tot meest foute track en beste guilty pleasure. Het nummer staat op 1 in de Foute 1500, de grootste foute lijst ooit van de zender, zo maakte Domien Verschuuren vrijdag bekend.


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type: Rss
title: Femke Bol wint met overmacht 400 meter op Europese kampioenschappen
authors: Sportredactie
link:
https://www.ad.nl/andere-sporten/femke-bol-wint-met-overmacht-400-meter-op-europese-kampioenschappen~a78ce707/

description:
Femke Bol heeft bij de Europese kampioenschappen voor landenteams in het Poolse Chorzów de 400 meter gewonnen. De regerend Europees kampioene op deze afstand kwam tot een tijd van 49,82 en was daarmee ruim de snelste.


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type: Rss
title: Marieke beleeft ellendige nacht en Beau heeft paniek om lekkende boot
authors: Maxime Segers
link:
https://www.ad.nl/show/marieke-beleeft-ellendige-nacht-en-beau-heeft-paniek-om-lekkende-boot~a44bd913/

description:
Korte updates van de sterren op sociale media: wij smullen ervan. In de rubriek Showbytes struint de showredactie het web voor je af voor de gekste, mooiste en opvallendste posts van bekende Nederlanders en celebrity’s. Dit artikel wordt gedurende de dag vernieuwd.


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type: Rss
title: Fabio Jakobsen (26) heeft transfer te pakken: topsprinter verruilt Quick Step voor Team DSM
authors: Thijs Zonneveld
link:
https://www.ad.nl/wielrennen/fabio-jakobsen-26-heeft-transfer-te-pakken-topsprinter-verruilt-quick-step-voor-team-dsm~a928454a/

description:
Team DSM heeft een nieuwe kopman. Een Nederlandse sprinter, misschien wel de snelste ter wereld. Fabio Jakobsen (26) rijdt de komende drie seizoenen voor de ploeg van Iwan Spekenbrink.


link: https://www.ad.nl/politiek/heel-den-haag-wil-weten-wat-wil-wopke~aedb1b7b/
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type: Rss
title: Heel Den Haag wil weten: wat wil Wopke?
authors: Tobias den Hartog
description:
Na het klappen van het landbouwoverleg zijn alle ogen op het CDA gericht? Wat gaat partijleider Wopke Hoekstra doen nu het kabinet zelf met plannen moet komen om de uitstoot van stikstof terug te brengen?


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type: Rss
title: Diederik Jekel vader geworden van zoon Matthias: ‘Zal er altijd voor je zijn’
authors: Maxime Segers
link:
https://www.ad.nl/show/diederik-jekel-vader-geworden-van-zoon-matthias-zal-er-altijd-voor-je-zijn~a96a8a14/

description:
Diederik Jekel (39) zit op een roze wolk. En hoe. De wetenschapsjournalist is dinsdag namelijk vader geworden van zoontje Matthias Jacob. Dat maakt hij vrijdag bekend op Instagram. ‘Met het liefste, zachtste en fijnste gezichtje dat ik me voor kan stellen waren de eerste paar dagen samen een bubbel waar ik nog weken in wil vertoeven.’


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type: Rss
authors: Marijn Abbenhuijs
link:
https://www.ad.nl/formule-1/max-verstappen-is-door-bekendheid-nederland-ontstegen-je-kunt-je-zelfs-afvragen-of-hij-nog-wel-echt-een-nederlander-is~aa1069f8/

title:
Max Verstappen is door bekendheid Nederland ontstegen: ‘Je kunt je zelfs afvragen of hij nog wel echt een Nederlander is’

description:
Max Verstappen is de populairste merkambassadeur van de Nederlandse sportwereld. De wereldkampioen Formule 1 ontving daar deze week een SponsorRing voor. Maar kunnen Nederlandse bedrijven nog wel profiteren van zijn bekendheid?


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type: Rss
authors: Victor Schildkamp
link:
https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/omwonenden-willen-alle-grote-bazen-chemours-voor-de-rechter-slepen-mogelijk-erger-dan-bij-tata-steel~a2530478/

title:
Omwonenden willen alle grote bazen Chemours voor de rechter slepen: ‘Mogelijk erger dan bij Tata Steel’

description:
Advocaat Bénédicte Ficq gaat namens vijf omwonenden aangifte doen tegen de leidinggevenden van het chemiebedrijf Chemours in Dordrecht. Het gaat om een soortgelijke aangifte als het lopende strafonderzoek tegen staalgigant Tata Steel in IJmuiden: het bewust in de omgeving brengen van gevaarlijke stoffen. Daar kan 12 tot 15 jaar celstraf op staan. ,,En bij Chemours is het mogelijk nog veel erger dan bij Tata.’’


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title: Timmerman Koos is een hit: ‘Maar meest geniale uitvindingen worden het slechtst bekeken’
authors: Susanne de Bruin
link:
https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/timmerman-koos-is-een-hit-maar-meest-geniale-uitvindingen-worden-het-slechtst-bekeken~a7a4507b/

description:
Van houtrot repareren tot een slotgat boren in een deur: timmerman Koos Overdevest (75) weet voor elke uitdaging een slimme oplossing. Om al die kennis na zijn pensioen niet verloren te laten gaan, deelt hij instructiefilmpjes op YouTube. Inmiddels heeft hij er meer dan 1500 gemaakt.


link: https://www.ad.nl/nederlands-voetbal/psv-heeft-ricardo-pepi-bijna-binnen~a5927acf/
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type: Rss
title: PSV heeft Ricardo Pepi bijna binnen
authors: Rik Elfrink
description:
PSV zit op dit moment in de laatste fase met FC Augsburg om een deal over Ricardo Pepi af te ronden. Als het allemaal meezit, komt de beoogde aanwinst volgende week naar Eindhoven.


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type: Rss
title: Jongen op fiets lost schoten in centrum Delft, politie houdt klopjacht op verdachte
authors: Redactie Delft
link:
https://www.ad.nl/delft/jongen-op-fiets-lost-schoten-in-centrum-delft-politie-houdt-klopjacht-op-verdachte~a51425bf/

description:
Een jongeman op een fiets heeft vrijdagmiddag schoten gelost op de Nieuwe Plantage in Delft. De politie heeft de omgeving van de chique woonstraat bij het centrum afgezet en er zijn drie kogelhulzen aangetroffen.


link: https://www.ad.nl/auto/met-hoeveel-biertjes-op-mag-je-nog-fietsen~a41f5e4d/
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type: Rss
title: Met hoeveel biertjes op mag je nog fietsen?
authors: Niek Schenk
description:
Gelden de regels voor alcoholgebruik door automobilisten eigenlijk ook voor fietsers, vraagt lezer Y. Bergwerff zich af. Onze auto-expert Niek Schenk geeft antwoord.


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title: Farmers Defence Force roept op tot protest volgende week in Den Haag: ‘CDA, stap uit kabinet’
authors: Binnenlandredactie
link:
https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/farmers-defence-force-roept-op-tot-protest-volgende-week-in-den-haag-cda-stap-uit-kabinet~a73207a8/

description:
Boeren gaan volgende week donderdag mogelijk demonstreren in Den Haag. De Tweede Kamer debatteert dan over het klappen van het landbouwakkoord. ‘Optoeren naar Den Haag!!’, roept Farmers Defence Force boeren op. De protestgroep wil dat het CDA uit het kabinet stapt.


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title: Indrukwekkend: Joost Luiten slaat over 186 meter zevende hole-in-one in loopbaan
authors: Sportredactie
link:
https://www.ad.nl/andere-sporten/indrukwekkend-joost-luiten-slaat-over-186-meter-zevende-hole-in-one-in-loopbaan~a45b8416/

description:
Joost Luiten heeft op indrukwekkende wijze een hoogtepunt toegevoegd aan zijn toch al fraaie golfloopbaan. De 37-jarige golfer sloeg in het Duitse München Eichenried, waar dit weekend het BMW International Open wordt georganiseerd, zijn zevende hole-in-one op de Tour.


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type: Rss
title: Rosmalen-kampioen Tallon Griekspoor meldt zich met het oog op Wimbledon af voor Mallorca
authors: Sportredactie
link:
https://www.ad.nl/tennis/rosmalen-kampioen-tallon-griekspoor-meldt-zich-met-het-oog-op-wimbledon-af-voor-mallorca~ab79adf5/

description:
Tallon Griekspoor heeft zich afgemeld voor het grastoernooi van Mallorca. Het toernooi op het Spaanse eiland geldt als laatste voorbereidingstoernooi voor Wimbledon, dat op maandag 3 juli van start gaat.


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type: Rss
title: Maximaal 500 uitsupporters en verplichte bus-combi: extra maatregelen rondom FC Utrecht - PSV
authors: Bas Voets
link:
https://www.ad.nl/nederlands-voetbal/maximaal-500-uitsupporters-en-verplichte-bus-combi-extra-maatregelen-rondom-fc-utrecht-psv~a4efa318/

description:
Rondom de wedstrijden tussen FC Utrecht en PSV komend seizoen zullen extra maatregelen zijn. Dat hebben burgemeesters Sharon Dijksma en Jeroen Dijsselbloem (Eindhoven) besloten naar aanleiding van incidenten van afgelopen jaar.


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title: Onverwacht mag Kika van Es dromen van WK: ‘Of ik een traantje heb gelaten? Honderd procent’
authors: Tim Hartman
link:
https://www.ad.nl/nederlands-voetbal/onverwacht-mag-kika-van-es-dromen-van-wk-of-ik-een-traantje-heb-gelaten-honderd-procent~a8e4cf89/

description:
Eigenlijk had Kika van Es (31) haar voetbalcarrière al vaarwel gezegd. Ze was zwanger en besloot voor haar kinderwens te gaan. Door een miskraam liep dat echter helemaal anders. Nu zit ze bij de voorselectie van de Oranje Leeuwinnen en hoopt ze haar carrière af te sluiten met het WK in Australië en Nieuw-Zeeland.


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type: Rss
authors: Tom van der Meer
link:
https://www.ad.nl/buitenland/druk-op-duikboot-titan-was-400-keer-groter-dan-boven-water-als-een-auto-die-over-een-bierdopje-rijdt~a8a69579/

title:
Druk op duikboot Titan was 400 keer groter dan boven water: ‘Als een auto die over een bierdopje rijdt’

description:
Het imploderen van de Titan ging zó snel dat de vijf inzittenden er hoogstwaarschijnlijk niets van hebben gemerkt. Het menselijk brein kan zo’n enorme klap niet bijhouden, denken wetenschappers. Wat overblijft zijn wat losse brokstukken van de experimentele duikboot. De kans dat er menselijke resten worden teruggevonden is niet groot. Deskundigen zetten vraagtekens bij de experimentele keuzes voor het materiaal. ‘We vragen ons af waarom’


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type: Rss
title: Geef donderdag 29 juni feedback op onze app en ontvang een bol.com-bon van 40 euro
authors: User Experience team
link:
https://www.ad.nl/home/geef-donderdag-29-juni-feedback-op-onze-app-en-ontvang-een-bol-com-bon-van-40-euro~a64eb8f2/

description:
Op donderdag 29 juni houden we op ons kantoor in Rotterdam een aantal testsessies waarbij we gebruikers van onze app uitnodigen om hun mening te delen en eventueel prototypes uit te proberen. Op deze manier hopen wij onze producten goed af te stemmen op behoeftes van onze lezers. Voor dit onderzoek zijn we speciaal op zoek naar app gebruikers die podcasts in de app luisteren en/of spelletjes in de app spelen. Geef je hier op.


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type: Rss
title: Dionne Stax slaakte nog net geen kreet van afschuw toen ze Maarten van der Weijden zag lopen
authors: Angela de Jong
link:
https://www.ad.nl/show/dionne-stax-slaakte-nog-net-geen-kreet-van-afschuw-toen-ze-maarten-van-der-weijden-zag-lopen~a8ad5ccd/

description:
De uitzendingen van Maarten van der Weijden Elfstedentriatlon zijn bijna niet vol te houden. Zoveel verdrietige verhalen, zoveel leed. Maar om één reden zapt ze er toch elke avond weer naar toe, schrijft Angela de Jong.


link: https://www.ad.nl/andere-sporten/zonta-van-den-goorbergh-crasht-bij-training-tt-assen~a71ea60b/
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read: False
type: Rss
title: Zonta van den Goorbergh crasht bij training TT Assen
authors: Sportredactie
description:
Zonta van den Goorbergh is bij trainingen voor de TT van Assen gecrasht. De 17-jarige coureur, die uitkomt in de Moto2-klasse, ging hard onderuit in de Geert Timmer Bocht. Van den Goorbergh gleed even door en kon vrij snel opstaan en voorkomen dat de door de lucht vliegende motor op hem terecht kwam.


link: https://www.ad.nl/politiek/groningse-gaskraan-gaat-in-oktober-helemaal-dicht~ac18d917/
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type: Rss
title: Groningse gaskraan gaat in oktober helemaal dicht
authors: Hans van Soest
description:
De laatste gaskranen in Groningen worden in oktober dichtgedraaid. Het kabinet zegt het Groningse gas niet meer nodig te hebben om voorbereid te zijn op een extreme winter.


link: http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-invites-media-to-cover-asteroid-sample-return-logistics-call
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type: Rss
title: NASA Invites Media to Cover Asteroid Sample Return, Logistics Call
description:
NASA’s OSIRIS-REx (Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification and Security – Regolith Explorer) mission will deliver the agency’s first asteroid sample collected in space to Earth on Sept. 24, 2023. Media interested in covering the landing, as well as mission activities leading up to and following the return, are invited to register


link: http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-awards-contract-for-earth-radar-data-operations-management
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title: NASA Awards Contract for Earth Radar Data Operations, Management
description:
NASA has awarded a contract to the University of Alaska at Fairbanks, Alaska, for the continued development and operation of the Synthetic Aperture Radar Distributed Active Archive Center for NASA’s Earth Observing System Data and Information System.


link: http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-to-host-x-57-maxwell-project-update
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title: NASA to Host X-57 Maxwell Project Update
description:
NASA will hold a media teleconference to discuss its X-57 Maxwell all-electric aircraft project at 12 p.m. EDT on Friday, June 23.


link: http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-department-of-agriculture-advance-exploration-science
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type: Rss
title: NASA, Department of Agriculture Advance Exploration, Science
description:
NASA and the USDA (U.S. Department of Agriculture) signed a memorandum of understanding Wednesday strengthening the collaboration between the two agencies, including efforts to improve agricultural and Earth science research, technology, agricultural management, and the application of science data and models to agricultural decision making.


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type: Rss
title: NASA Invites Media to Northrop Grumman Cargo Launch to Space Station
link:
http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-invites-media-to-northrop-grumman-cargo-launch-to-space-station

description:
Media accreditation is open for launch of the next commercial resupply services mission to deliver NASA science investigations, supplies, and equipment to the International Space Station.


link: http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-welcomes-ecuador-as-26th-artemis-accords-signatory
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title: NASA Welcomes Ecuador as 26th Artemis Accords Signatory
description:
During a ceremony at the Ecuador embassy in Washington on Wednesday, Ecuador became the 26th country to sign the Artemis Accords. Karen Feldstein, NASA associate administrator for International and Interagency Relations, participated in the signing ceremony for the agency, and Gustavo Manrique Miranda, Ecuador’s foreign affairs minister, signed on


link: http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-holds-ribbon-cutting-for-new-earth-information-center
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title: NASA Holds Ribbon Cutting for New Earth Information Center
description:
NASA Administrator Bill Nelson led a ribbon cutting ceremony Wednesday to showcase a new Earth Information Center at NASA Headquarters in Washington. The center is part physical space and part virtual experience, which shows how NASA data can improve lives in the face of disasters, environmental challenges, and our changing world.


link: http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-plans-coverage-of-roscosmos-spacewalk-outside-space-station
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title: NASA Plans Coverage of Roscosmos Spacewalk Outside Space Station
description:
NASA will provide live coverage as two Roscosmos cosmonauts conduct a spacewalk outside the International Space Station Thursday, June 22, for station upgrades and retrieval of equipment.


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type: Rss
title: NASA Awards Institutional, Maintenance, Operations, and Repair Contract
description: NASA Awards Institutional, Maintenance, Operations, and Repair Contract
link:
http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-awards-institutional-maintenance-operations-and-repair-contract


link: http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-awards-transformational-shared-services-support-contract
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type: Rss
title: NASA Awards Transformational Shared Services Support Contract
description:
NASA has selected COLSA Corporation of Huntsville, Alabama to provide a broad range of support to the NASA Shared Services Center (NSSC). The contract includes support for financial management, human resources, procurement, and other services the NSSC provides.


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title: Company behind lost Titanic sub overstated details of partnerships with Boeing, others - ABC News
link:
https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2lPN3VXTUNCRl9ybjlNMTZNVnRTZ0FQAQ?oc=5

content:
<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiaGh0dHBzOi8vYWJjbmV3cy5nby5jb20vVVMvY29tcGFueS1sb3N0LXRpdGFuaWMtb3ZlcnN0YXRlZC1kZXRhaWxzLXBhcnRuZXJzaGlwcy1ib2Vpbmcvc3Rvcnk_aWQ9MTAwMjU2MjE30gFsaHR0cHM6Ly9hYmNuZXdzLmdvLmNvbS9hbXAvVVMvY29tcGFueS1sb3N0LXRpdGFuaWMtb3ZlcnN0YXRlZC1kZXRhaWxzLXBhcnRuZXJzaGlwcy1ib2Vpbmcvc3Rvcnk_aWQ9MTAwMjU2MjE3?oc=5" target="_blank">Company behind lost Titanic sub overstated details of partnerships with Boeing, others</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">ABC News</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiWGh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmNubi5jb20vYW1lcmljYXMvbGl2ZS1uZXdzL3RpdGFuaWMtbWlzc2luZy1zdWItb2NlYW5nYXRlLTA2LTIzLTIzL2luZGV4Lmh0bWzSAVxodHRwczovL2FtcC5jbm4uY29tL2Nubi9hbWVyaWNhcy9saXZlLW5ld3MvdGl0YW5pYy1taXNzaW5nLXN1Yi1vY2VhbmdhdGUtMDYtMjMtMjMvaW5kZXguaHRtbA?oc=5" target="_blank">Missing Titanic sub crew killed after 'catastrophic implosion': Live updates</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">CNN</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiVmh0dHBzOi8vYWJjNy5jb20vbWlzc2luZy1zdWItdGl0YW5pYy11bmRlcndhdGVyLW5vaXNlcy1kZXRlY3RlZC1kZWJyaXMtZmllbGQvMTM0MTc3NzYv0gFaaHR0cHM6Ly9hYmM3LmNvbS9hbXAvbWlzc2luZy1zdWItdGl0YW5pYy11bmRlcndhdGVyLW5vaXNlcy1kZXRlY3RlZC1kZWJyaXMtZmllbGQvMTM0MTc3NzYv?oc=5" target="_blank">With the fate of Titanic-bound submersible clear, focus turns to cause of the fatal implosion</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">KABC-TV</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiXmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmlucXVpcmVyLmNvbS9vcGluaW9uL3RpdGFuLXRpdGFuaWMtc3VibWFyaW5lLXZlc3NlbC1kZWF0aHMtaW1wbG9zaW9uLTIwMjMwNjIyLmh0bWzSAW1odHRwczovL3d3dy5pbnF1aXJlci5jb20vb3Bpbmlvbi90aXRhbi10aXRhbmljLXN1Ym1hcmluZS12ZXNzZWwtZGVhdGhzLWltcGxvc2lvbi0yMDIzMDYyMi5odG1sP291dHB1dFR5cGU9YW1w?oc=5" target="_blank">My mom climbed on Everest. After the Titan submarine deaths, I think of the families who are left behind.</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Philadelphia Inquirer</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiP2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmNoYXJsb3R0ZW9ic2VydmVyLmNvbS9vcGluaW9uL2FydGljbGUyNzY2MTM4MzYuaHRtbNIBP2h0dHBzOi8vYW1wLmNoYXJsb3R0ZW9ic2VydmVyLmNvbS9vcGluaW9uL2FydGljbGUyNzY2MTM4MzYuaHRtbA?oc=5" target="_blank">The Titanic wreck led to safer seas. Maybe the Titanic tourist sub will, too. | Opinion</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Charlotte Observer</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2lPN3VXTUNCRl9ybjlNMTZNVnRTZ0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title: The Five People Who Died on the Titanic Submersible Expedition - The New York Times
link:
https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2kxb3NpR0NCSHFnTWlkTGd3WG15Z0FQAQ?oc=5

content:
<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiSWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tL2FydGljbGUvbWlzc2luZy1zdWJtYXJpbmUtdGl0YW5pYy1wYXNzZW5nZXJzLmh0bWzSAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">The Five People Who Died on the Titanic Submersible Expedition</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The New York Times</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMicGh0dHBzOi8vbmV3cy55YWhvby5jb20vdGl0YW5pYy1taXNzaW5nLXN1Ym1lcnNpYmxlLXNlYXJjaC1wYXNzZW5nZXJzLWJlbGlldmVkLWRlYWQtdGl0YW4tcmVjb3ZlcnktMTkwMjI5NjA4Lmh0bWzSAXhodHRwczovL25ld3MueWFob28uY29tL2FtcGh0bWwvdGl0YW5pYy1taXNzaW5nLXN1Ym1lcnNpYmxlLXNlYXJjaC1wYXNzZW5nZXJzLWJlbGlldmVkLWRlYWQtdGl0YW4tcmVjb3ZlcnktMTkwMjI5NjA4Lmh0bWw?oc=5" target="_blank">Titanic submersible: 5 passengers on missing sub likely dead following 'catastrophic implosion'</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Yahoo News</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMidWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmJvc3Rvbi5jb20vY29tbXVuaXR5L3RlbGwtdXMvaXMtZGVlcC1zZWEtdG91cmlzbS1ldGhpY2FsLXRlbGwtdXMteW91ci10aG91Z2h0cy1vbi10aGUtcmlza3ktbmV3LWluZHVzdHJ5L9IBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Is deep sea tourism ethical? Share your thoughts with Boston.com.</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Boston.com</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMieGh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm5ld3NuYXRpb25ub3cuY29tL3RyYXZlbC9taXNzaW5nLXRpdGFuaWMtdG91cmlzdC1zdWJtYXJpbmUvY3JlbnNoYXctY29hc3QtZ3VhcmQtbWlzc2luZy10aXRhbmljLXN1Ym1lcnNpYmxlL9IBfGh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm5ld3NuYXRpb25ub3cuY29tL3RyYXZlbC9taXNzaW5nLXRpdGFuaWMtdG91cmlzdC1zdWJtYXJpbmUvY3JlbnNoYXctY29hc3QtZ3VhcmQtbWlzc2luZy10aXRhbmljLXN1Ym1lcnNpYmxlL2FtcC8?oc=5" target="_blank">Crenshaw questions Coast Guard response to missing Titanic sub</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">NewsNation Now</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiP2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnNmY2hyb25pY2xlLmNvbS9zZi9hcnRpY2xlL3RpdGFuaWMtc3ViLTE4MTY2MTE3LnBocNIBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Titanic sub: OceanGate CEO Stockton Rush and trustee had Bay Area ties</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">San Francisco Chronicle</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2kxb3NpR0NCSHFnTWlkTGd3WG15Z0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title: A year after Roe v. Wade’s overturn, Texas sees post-abortion reality - The Texas Tribune
link:
https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2lIa3Fid0J4RUhURndZMnhrMUhpZ0FQAQ?oc=5

content:
<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiSmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnRleGFzdHJpYnVuZS5vcmcvMjAyMy8wNi8yMy90ZXhhcy1hYm9ydGlvbi1kb2Jicy1yb2Utb3ZlcnR1cm4v0gEA?oc=5" target="_blank">A year after Roe v. Wade’s overturn, Texas sees post-abortion reality</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Texas Tribune</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMicGh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmNic25ld3MuY29tL25ld3Mvb25lLXllYXItcm9lLXYtd2FkZS1yZXZlcnNhbC1kb2Jicy1kZWNpc2lvbi13YXJuaW5ncy1hYm91dC1hYm9ydGlvbi1iZWNvbWUtcmVhbGl0eS_SAXRodHRwczovL3d3dy5jYnNuZXdzLmNvbS9hbXAvbmV3cy9vbmUteWVhci1yb2Utdi13YWRlLXJldmVyc2FsLWRvYmJzLWRlY2lzaW9uLXdhcm5pbmdzLWFib3V0LWFib3J0aW9uLWJlY29tZS1yZWFsaXR5Lw?oc=5" target="_blank">One year after Roe v. Wade's reversal, warnings about abortion become reality</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">CBS News</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiTWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmNwci5vcmcvMjAyMy8wNi8yMy9jb2xvcmFkby1hYm9ydGlvbi1hY2Nlc3Mtb25lLXllYXItYWZ0ZXItZG9iYnMv0gEA?oc=5" target="_blank">One year after the end of Roe, Colorado laws have made it a magnet for out-of-state patients</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Colorado Public Radio</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMicGh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmV4cHJlc3NuZXdzLmNvbS9vcGluaW9uL2VkaXRvcmlhbC9hcnRpY2xlL2VkaXRvcmlhbC1wcmVnbmFudC13b21lbi1zdWZmZXItaW4tcG9zdC1kb2Jicy0xODE2NzU3Ny5waHDSAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Editorial: Pregnant women suffer in post-Dobbs America, Texas</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">San Antonio Express-News</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiU2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmlucXVpcmVyLmNvbS9vcGluaW9uL2RvYmJzLWFib3J0aW9uLXByby1saWZlLXBlbm5zeWx2YW5pYS0yMDIzMDYyMy5odG1s0gFiaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaW5xdWlyZXIuY29tL29waW5pb24vZG9iYnMtYWJvcnRpb24tcHJvLWxpZmUtcGVubnN5bHZhbmlhLTIwMjMwNjIzLmh0bWw_b3V0cHV0VHlwZT1hbXA?oc=5" target="_blank">One year after ‘Dobbs,’ we must better persuade our fellow citizens of the pro-life position</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Philadelphia Inquirer</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2lIa3Fid0J4RUhURndZMnhrMUhpZ0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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type: Atom
link:
https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2p4NnQ2SkNCRkdqRnZRT093UFlDZ0FQAQ?oc=5

title:
I95 Philadelphia repairs: Bridge collapse temporary lanes open to traffic today - The Philadelphia Inquirer

content:
<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMieWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmlucXVpcmVyLmNvbS9uZXdzL3BoaWxhZGVscGhpYS9saXZlL2k5NS1waGlsYWRlbHBoaWEtcmVwYWlycy1icmlkZ2UtY29sbGFwc2UtbGl2ZXN0cmVhbS10cmFmZmljLTIwMjMwNjIzLmh0bWzSAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">I95 Philadelphia repairs: Bridge collapse temporary lanes open to traffic today</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Philadelphia Inquirer</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiUmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lndhc2hpbmd0b25wb3N0LmNvbS90cmFuc3BvcnRhdGlvbi8yMDIzLzA2LzIzL2k5NS1waGlsYWRlbHBoaWEtcmVvcGVucy_SAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">I-95 reopens Friday, less than two weeks after Philadelphia bridge collapse</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Washington Post</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMihgFodHRwczovL3d3dy5zeXJhY3VzZS5jb20vdXMtbmV3cy8yMDIzLzA2L2ludGVyc3RhdGUtOTUtaXMtc2V0LXRvLXJlb3Blbi1sZXNzLXRoYW4tdHdvLXdlZWtzLWFmdGVyLWRlYWRseS1jb2xsYXBzZS1pbi1waGlsYWRlbHBoaWEuaHRtbNIBlQFodHRwczovL3d3dy5zeXJhY3VzZS5jb20vdXMtbmV3cy8yMDIzLzA2L2ludGVyc3RhdGUtOTUtaXMtc2V0LXRvLXJlb3Blbi1sZXNzLXRoYW4tdHdvLXdlZWtzLWFmdGVyLWRlYWRseS1jb2xsYXBzZS1pbi1waGlsYWRlbHBoaWEuaHRtbD9vdXRwdXRUeXBlPWFtcA?oc=5" target="_blank">Interstate 95 is set to reopen less than two weeks after deadly collapse in Philadelphia</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">syracuse.com</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiT2h0dHBzOi8vNmFiYy5jb20vaS05NS1icmlkZ2UtY29sbGFwc2UtbGl2ZS1zdHJlYW0tcGhpbGFkZWxwaGlhLXJlcGFpci8xMzQxNzYyMy_SAVNodHRwczovLzZhYmMuY29tL2FtcC9pLTk1LWJyaWRnZS1jb2xsYXBzZS1saXZlLXN0cmVhbS1waGlsYWRlbHBoaWEtcmVwYWlyLzEzNDE3NjIzLw?oc=5" target="_blank">I-95 Bridge Collapse: Temporary lanes of I-95 in Philadelphia open Friday</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">WPVI-TV</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMirwFodHRwczovL3d3dy53Zm16LmNvbS9uZXdzL2FyZWEvcG9jb25vcy1jb2FsL3BvY29uby1yYWNld2F5LWpldC1kcnllci10ZW1wb3JhcmlseS1zaGlwcGVkLWluLXRvLWhlbHAtYXQtaW50ZXJzdGF0ZS05NS1jb2xsYXBzZS9hcnRpY2xlXzc3MDQyMWRhLTExYTAtMTFlZS1iNGFmLWZiNzNjNjA2MTFmNy5odG1s0gEA?oc=5" target="_blank">Pocono Raceway jet dryer temporarily shipped in to help at Interstate 95 collapse</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">69News WFMZ-TV</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2p4NnQ2SkNCRkdqRnZRT093UFlDZ0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title: Tropical Storm Bret Soaks Windwards As Cindy Spins | Weather.com - The Weather Channel
link:
https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2k1Z3RiMUJ4RldKX2VvcmVMYjd5Z0FQAQ?oc=5

content:
<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiXmh0dHBzOi8vd2VhdGhlci5jb20vc3Rvcm1zL2h1cnJpY2FuZS9uZXdzLzIwMjMtMDYtMjItdHJvcGljYWwtc3Rvcm0taHVycmljYW5lLWJyZXQtY2luZHktdGhyZWXSAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Tropical Storm Bret Soaks Windwards As Cindy Spins | Weather.com</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Weather Channel</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMisAFodHRwczovL3d3dy5wYWxtYmVhY2hwb3N0LmNvbS9zdG9yeS93ZWF0aGVyL2h1cnJpY2FuZS8yMDIzLzA2LzIzL25hdGlvbmFsLWh1cnJpY2FuZS1jZW50ZXItdHJhY2tpbmctdHJvcGljYWwtc3Rvcm0tY2luZHktYnJldC1zcGFnaGV0dGktbW9kZWxzLWZvcmVjYXN0LXBhdGgtaW1wYWN0LzcwMzQ3NzE3MDA3L9IBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">NHC tracking tropical storms Bret, Cindy. Forecast paths, impacts</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Palm Beach Post</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiQGh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm15c3VuY29hc3QuY29tLzIwMjMvMDYvMjIvbW9yZS1yYWluLXRvZGF5cy1mb3JlY2FzdC_SAU9odHRwczovL3d3dy5teXN1bmNvYXN0LmNvbS8yMDIzLzA2LzIyL21vcmUtcmFpbi10b2RheXMtZm9yZWNhc3QvP291dHB1dFR5cGU9YW1w?oc=5" target="_blank">More rain in today’s forecast</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">WWSB</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiXGh0dHBzOi8vd2VhdGhlci5jb20vc3Rvcm1zL2h1cnJpY2FuZS9uZXdzLzIwMjMtMDYtMjMtdHJvcGljYWwtc3Rvcm0tYnJldC1jaW5keS1qdW5lLWhpc3Rvcmlj0gEA?oc=5" target="_blank">Tropical Storm Bret, Cindy Historic June Pair | Weather.com</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Weather Channel</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2k1Z3RiMUJ4RldKX2VvcmVMYjd5Z0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title: Yevgeny Prigozhin: Wagner chief blames war on defence minister - BBC
link:
https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2lIaXJPSkNCRzBmb2hJSUNLLXZ5Z0FQAQ?oc=5

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<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiJ2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmJiYy5jb20vbmV3cy93b3JsZC02NTk5NjUzMdIBK2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmJiYy5jb20vbmV3cy93b3JsZC02NTk5NjUzMS5hbXA?oc=5" target="_blank">Yevgeny Prigozhin: Wagner chief blames war on defence minister</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">BBC</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiaWh0dHBzOi8vYXBuZXdzLmNvbS9hcnRpY2xlL3B1dGluLXJ1c3NpYS11a3JhaW5lLXdhci1wcmlnb3poaW4taW5maWdodGluZy0wZTA1MWYwYTQzNTIyZjU3ZWYxODEwYThiMDNmNmU2MtIBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Infighting among Putin's lieutenants hurts Russia's war footing, if not his hold on power</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Associated Press</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiWGh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lndzai5jb20vYXJ0aWNsZXMvdWtyYWluZS1zaG9vdHMtZG93bi1ydXNzaWFuLWNydWlzZS1taXNzaWxlLWJhcnJhZ2UtOWQ5ZGEwM2HSAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Wagner Chief Accuses Russian Military Leaders of Lying About Ukraine War</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Wall Street Journal</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiTmh0dHBzOi8vbmV3cy55YWhvby5jb20vcnVzc2lhbi13YXJsb3JkLWJsYXN0cy1wdXRpbnMtbWlzbGVhZGluZy0xNDU2NDk3NzYuaHRtbNIBVmh0dHBzOi8vbmV3cy55YWhvby5jb20vYW1waHRtbC9ydXNzaWFuLXdhcmxvcmQtYmxhc3RzLXB1dGlucy1taXNsZWFkaW5nLTE0NTY0OTc3Ni5odG1s?oc=5" target="_blank">Russian warlord blasts Putin's 'misleading' take on Ukraine war</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Yahoo News</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiamh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnRoZW1vc2Nvd3RpbWVzLmNvbS8yMDIzLzA2LzIzL3dhZ25lci1jaGllZi1zYXlzLXJ1c3NpYXMtaW52YXNpb24tb2YtdWtyYWluZS11bmp1c3RpZmllZC1hODE2MDnSAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Wagner Chief Says Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine Unjustified</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Moscow Times</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2lIaXJPSkNCRzBmb2hJSUNLLXZ5Z0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title:
Supreme Court allows Biden administration to limit immigration arrests, ruling against states - CBS News

content:
<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiRmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmNic25ld3MuY29tL25ld3Mvc3VwcmVtZS1jb3VydC1pbW1pZ3JhdGlvbi1pY2UtdXMtdi10ZXhhcy_SAUpodHRwczovL3d3dy5jYnNuZXdzLmNvbS9hbXAvbmV3cy9zdXByZW1lLWNvdXJ0LWltbWlncmF0aW9uLWljZS11cy12LXRleGFzLw?oc=5" target="_blank">Supreme Court allows Biden administration to limit immigration arrests, ruling against states</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">CBS News</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMihAFodHRwczovL3d3dy51c2F0b2RheS5jb20vc3RvcnkvbmV3cy9wb2xpdGljcy8yMDIzLzA2LzIzL3N1cHJlbWUtY291cnQtaGFuZHMtYmlkZW4tbmFycm93LXdpbi1vbi1pbW1pZ3JhdGlvbi1lbmZvcmNlbWVudC8xMTQxMjIzODAwMi_SAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Supreme Court decision gives Biden rare win on deportation plan</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">USA TODAY</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiX2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lndhc2hpbmd0b25wb3N0LmNvbS9wb2xpdGljcy8yMDIzLzA2LzIzL3N1cHJlbWUtY291cnQtaW1taWdyYXRpb24tZGVwb3J0YXRpb24tYmlkZW4v0gEA?oc=5" target="_blank">Supreme Court immigration ruling allows Biden's deportation priorities</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Washington Post</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiY2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lndzai5jb20vYXJ0aWNsZXMvc3VwcmVtZS1jb3VydC1yZXZpdmVzLWJpZGVuLWltbWlncmF0aW9uLXBvbGljeS1vbi1kZXBvcnRhdGlvbi0yNTEwZjYzZNIBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Supreme Court Revives Biden Immigration Policy on Deportation</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Wall Street Journal</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2lheDYyTUNCSHdhUG1sT21xakZ5Z0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title: Titanic director James Cameron accuses OceanGate of cutting corners - BBC
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https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2lieDdtR0NCSHEtRVpncUJ6TzhTZ0FQAQ?oc=5

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<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiMWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmJiYy5jb20vbmV3cy93b3JsZC11cy1jYW5hZGEtNjU5OTQ3MDfSATVodHRwczovL3d3dy5iYmMuY29tL25ld3Mvd29ybGQtdXMtY2FuYWRhLTY1OTk0NzA3LmFtcA?oc=5" target="_blank">Titanic director James Cameron accuses OceanGate of cutting corners</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">BBC</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMibmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmluZGVwZW5kZW50LmNvLnVrL25ld3Mvd29ybGQvYW1lcmljYXMvdGl0YW5pYy1zdWItZGVicmlzLWZpZWxkLWltcGxvc2lvbi1sYXRlc3QtbmV3cy1iMjM2Mjg3My5odG1s0gEA?oc=5" target="_blank">Recovery could cost millions as Coast Guard stunningly admits submersible 'explosion'</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Independent</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiYmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnRoZWRhaWx5YmVhc3QuY29tL2phbWVzLWNhbWVyb24tc2F5cy1oZS1rbmV3LWFib3V0LXN1Yi1pbXBsb3Npb24tZGF5cy1iZWZvcmUtYW55LW9mLXVz0gEA?oc=5" target="_blank">James Cameron Knew About Sub Implosion Days Before Any of Us</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Daily Beast</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.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?oc=5" target="_blank">James Cameron says he figured days ago the Titan submersible imploded, but hoped he was wrong</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">KOMU 8</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMihwFodHRwczovL3d3dy5wcmVzc2hlcmFsZC5jb20vMjAyMy8wNi8yMy90aXRhbmljLWRpcmVjdG9yLWphbWVzLWNhbWVyb24tc2F5cy10aGUtc2VhcmNoLWZvci10aGUtbWlzc2luZy1zdWItYmVjYW1lLWEtbmlnaHRtYXJpc2gtY2hhcmFkZS_SAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">'Titanic' director James Cameron says the search for the missing sub became a 'nightmarish charade'</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Press Herald</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2lieDdtR0NCSHEtRVpncUJ6TzhTZ0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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OceanGate CEO seen on 2021 video admitting 'I’ve broken some rules' to build doomed Titan submersible - Fox Business

content:
<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMif2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmZveGJ1c2luZXNzLmNvbS90ZWNobm9sb2d5L29jZWFuZ2F0ZS1jZW8tc2Vlbi0yMDIxLXZpZGVvLWFkbWl0dGluZy1icm9rZW4tc29tZS1ydWxlcy1idWlsZC1kb29tZWQtdGl0YW4tc3VibWVyc2libGXSAYMBaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZm94YnVzaW5lc3MuY29tL3RlY2hub2xvZ3kvb2NlYW5nYXRlLWNlby1zZWVuLTIwMjEtdmlkZW8tYWRtaXR0aW5nLWJyb2tlbi1zb21lLXJ1bGVzLWJ1aWxkLWRvb21lZC10aXRhbi1zdWJtZXJzaWJsZS5hbXA?oc=5" target="_blank">OceanGate CEO seen on 2021 video admitting 'I’ve broken some rules' to build doomed Titan submersible</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Fox Business</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMie2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmNiczguY29tL2FydGljbGUvbmV3cy9sb2NhbC9jb25jZXJucy1yYWlzZWQtYmVmb3JlLW9jZWFuZ2F0ZS1pbXBsb3Npb24vNTA5LTZjNmMxNTQ4LWU2MjYtNGIxZS1iYWIxLTRlODAyNWM3NWIxYtIBf2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmNiczguY29tL2FtcC9hcnRpY2xlL25ld3MvbG9jYWwvY29uY2VybnMtcmFpc2VkLWJlZm9yZS1vY2VhbmdhdGUtaW1wbG9zaW9uLzUwOS02YzZjMTU0OC1lNjI2LTRiMWUtYmFiMS00ZTgwMjVjNzViMWI?oc=5" target="_blank">Major safety concerns raised before OceanGate implosion</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">CBS News 8</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiemh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmNic25ld3MuY29tL25ld3MvdGl0YW5pYy1zdWJtYXJpbmUtaW1wbG9zaW9uLW9jZWFuZ2F0ZS1jZW8tc3RvY2t0b24tcnVzaC0yMDIxLWhlcy1icm9rZW4tc29tZS1ydWxlcy1pbi1kZXNpZ24v0gF-aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2JzbmV3cy5jb20vYW1wL25ld3MvdGl0YW5pYy1zdWJtYXJpbmUtaW1wbG9zaW9uLW9jZWFuZ2F0ZS1jZW8tc3RvY2t0b24tcnVzaC0yMDIxLWhlcy1icm9rZW4tc29tZS1ydWxlcy1pbi1kZXNpZ24v?oc=5" target="_blank">OceanGate CEO Stockton Rush said in 2021 he'd "broken some rules" in design of Titan sub that imploded</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">CBS News</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiS2h0dHBzOi8vbmV3cy55YWhvby5jb20vb2NlYW5nYXRlcy1jZW8tYWxsb3dlZC15b3V0dWJlci1waWxvdC0xNDAwMzM0NzEuaHRtbNIBU2h0dHBzOi8vbmV3cy55YWhvby5jb20vYW1waHRtbC9vY2VhbmdhdGVzLWNlby1hbGxvd2VkLXlvdXR1YmVyLXBpbG90LTE0MDAzMzQ3MS5odG1s?oc=5" target="_blank">OceanGate's CEO allowed a YouTuber to pilot the Titanic sub, who then crashed it into a rock</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Yahoo News</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMikgFodHRwczovL3d3dy5maXJzdHBvc3QuY29tL3dvcmxkL3RpdGFuLXN1Ym1lcnNpYmxlLWNhbi12aWN0aW1zLWZhbWlsaWVzLXN1ZS1vY2VhbmdhdGUtZGVzcGl0ZS1saWFiaWxpdHktd2FpdmVycy1sZWdhbC1leHBlcnRzLXNheS15ZXMtMTI3ODE1OTIuaHRtbNIBlgFodHRwczovL3d3dy5maXJzdHBvc3QuY29tL3dvcmxkL3RpdGFuLXN1Ym1lcnNpYmxlLWNhbi12aWN0aW1zLWZhbWlsaWVzLXN1ZS1vY2VhbmdhdGUtZGVzcGl0ZS1saWFiaWxpdHktd2FpdmVycy1sZWdhbC1leHBlcnRzLXNheS15ZXMtMTI3ODE1OTIuaHRtbC9hbXA?oc=5" target="_blank">Titan Submersible: Can victims families sue OceanGate despite liability waivers? Legal experts say yes</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Firstpost</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2kxdm9DSkNCSEhrTGtOTDRuRUdpZ0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title: Ukraine updates: Kyiv claims Russia hiding dam breach dead - DW (English)
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https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2lzd1kzX0J4SE9YOHQtVjMwYTB5Z0FQAQ?oc=5

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<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiWmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmR3LmNvbS9lbi91a3JhaW5lLXVwZGF0ZXMta3lpdi1jbGFpbXMtcnVzc2lhLWhpZGluZy1kYW0tYnJlYWNoLWRlYWQvYS02NjAwOTIxOdIBWmh0dHBzOi8vYW1wLmR3LmNvbS9lbi91a3JhaW5lLXVwZGF0ZXMta3lpdi1jbGFpbXMtcnVzc2lhLWhpZGluZy1kYW0tYnJlYWNoLWRlYWQvYS02NjAwOTIxOQ?oc=5" target="_blank">Ukraine updates: Kyiv claims Russia hiding dam breach dead</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">DW (English)</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiLmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmJiYy5jb20vbmV3cy93b3JsZC1ldXJvcGUtNjU5NzM2MjTSATJodHRwczovL3d3dy5iYmMuY29tL25ld3Mvd29ybGQtZXVyb3BlLTY1OTczNjI0LmFtcA?oc=5" target="_blank">Ukraine war: Living without water in a town devastated by dam breach</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">BBC</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiQWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tL2xpdmUvMjAyMy8wNi8yMy93b3JsZC9ydXNzaWEtdWtyYWluZS1uZXdz0gEA?oc=5" target="_blank">Russia-Ukraine War Live Updates: Deadly Strike Hits Kherson</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The New York Times</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiaWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnRvbGVkb2JsYWRlLmNvbS9vcGluaW9uL2VkaXRvcmlhbHMvMjAyMy8wNi8yMi9lZGl0b3JpYWwtcnVzc2lhbi1icnV0YWxpdHkvc3Rvcmllcy8yMDIzMDYyMjAxOdIBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Editorial: Russian brutality | The Blade</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Toledo Blade</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMic2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnRoZW1vc2Nvd3RpbWVzLmNvbS8yMDIzLzA2LzIzL2luLXBob3Rvcy1jbGVhbnVwLWVmZm9ydHMtaW4ta2hlcnNvbi1mb2xsb3dpbmcta2FraG92a2EtZGFtLWJyZWFjaC1hODE2MDjSAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">In Photos: Cleanup Efforts in Southern Ukraine Following Kakhovka Dam Breach</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Moscow Times</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2lzd1kzX0J4SE9YOHQtVjMwYTB5Z0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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Ukraine Says It Thwarted Major Strike On Airfield; At Least Two Killed In Russian Attack In Kherson - Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty

content:
<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiT2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnJmZXJsLm9yZy9hL3VrcmFpbmUtY3J1aXNlLW1pc3NpbGUtc3RyaWtlcy1ydXNzaWEtd2FyLzMyNDcxOTYxLmh0bWzSAVFodHRwczovL3d3dy5yZmVybC5vcmcvYW1wL3VrcmFpbmUtY3J1aXNlLW1pc3NpbGUtc3RyaWtlcy1ydXNzaWEtd2FyLzMyNDcxOTYxLmh0bWw?oc=5" target="_blank">Ukraine Says It Thwarted Major Strike On Airfield; At Least Two Killed In Russian Attack In Kherson</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiSGh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lndhc2hpbmd0b25wb3N0LmNvbS93b3JsZC8yMDIzLzA2LzIzL3J1c3NpYS11a3JhaW5lLXdhci1uZXdzL9IBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Russia-Ukraine war news: Ukraine says it downed missiles targeting airfield; bridge to Crimea struck</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Washington Post</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMicGh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmNic25ld3MuY29tL25ld3MvdWtyYWluZS1ydXNzaWEtd2FyLWNvdW50ZXJvZmZlbnNpdmUtZnJvbnQtbGluZS10cm9vcHMtc2F5LWRpZmZpY3VsdC1idXQta2VlcC1nb2luZy_SAXRodHRwczovL3d3dy5jYnNuZXdzLmNvbS9hbXAvbmV3cy91a3JhaW5lLXJ1c3NpYS13YXItY291bnRlcm9mZmVuc2l2ZS1mcm9udC1saW5lLXRyb29wcy1zYXktZGlmZmljdWx0LWJ1dC1rZWVwLWdvaW5nLw?oc=5" target="_blank">Ukraine troops admit counteroffensive against Russia "very difficult," but they "keep going"</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">CBS News</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiWmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmJsb29tYmVyZy5jb20vbmV3cy9hcnRpY2xlcy8yMDIzLTA2LTIzL3J1c3NpYS11a3JhaW5lLWxhdGVzdC1uZXdzLWp1bmUtMjMtMjAyM9IBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Russia-Ukraine Latest News: June 23, 2023</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Bloomberg</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiZmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lndpb25ld3MuY29tL3dvcmxkL3VrcmFpbmUtY2xhaW1zLXRvLWhhdmUtcmlwcGxlZC0xMy1jcnVpc2UtbWlzc2lsZXMtZmlyZWQtYnktcnVzc2lhLTYwNzc4MdIBamh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lndpb25ld3MuY29tL3dvcmxkL3VrcmFpbmUtY2xhaW1zLXRvLWhhdmUtcmlwcGxlZC0xMy1jcnVpc2UtbWlzc2lsZXMtZmlyZWQtYnktcnVzc2lhLTYwNzc4MS9hbXA?oc=5" target="_blank">Ukraine claims to have struck down 13 cruise missiles fired by Russia</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">WION</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2ljbzdtTENCR2lWT1ZqSE5oRDZTZ0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title: Kenyan leader says World Bank and IMF are 'hostage' to rich nations - Financial Times
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<a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiP2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmZ0LmNvbS9jb250ZW50L2RmN2Y2OGIxLTgzNjItNDg5NS05ZDI0LWM4NDgzYTljMmVlNdIBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Kenyan leader says World Bank and IMF are 'hostage' to rich nations</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Financial Times</font>


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title: Zambia agrees 'milestone' debt relief plan with China and other creditors - Financial Times
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https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2pNajdUMEJ4SEVKM2JyVWdYNHN5Z0FQAQ?oc=5

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<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiP2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmZ0LmNvbS9jb250ZW50L2UzYjY2Nzk4LTFjNWMtNGMwYy04MzM5LTgzYTc2ZTFlMmMzNNIBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Zambia agrees 'milestone' debt relief plan with China and other creditors</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Financial Times</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiLmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmJiYy5jb20vbmV3cy93b3JsZC1hZnJpY2EtNjU5OTc4MzDSATJodHRwczovL3d3dy5iYmMuY29tL25ld3Mvd29ybGQtYWZyaWNhLTY1OTk3ODMwLmFtcA?oc=5" target="_blank">Zambian President Hichilema's $6bn debt deal hailed as 'historic'</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">BBC</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiUWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lndzai5jb20vYXJ0aWNsZXMvemFtYmlhLXJlYWNoZXMtd2F0ZXJzaGVkLWRlYWwtb24tY2hpbmEtZGVidC0yMzkyNTkzYdIBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Zambia Reaches Watershed Deal on China Debt</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Wall Street Journal</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMifWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmJsb29tYmVyZy5jb20vbmV3cy9hcnRpY2xlcy8yMDIzLTA2LTIyL3phbWJpYS13aW5zLTYtMy1iaWxsaW9uLWRlYnQtcmVsaWVmLXNldHRpbmctcHJlY2VkZW50LWZvci1zdHJlc3NlZC1uYXRpb25z0gEA?oc=5" target="_blank">Zambia Wins Debt Relief, Sets Precedent for Stressed Nations</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Bloomberg</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMifmh0dHBzOi8vYXNpYS5uaWtrZWkuY29tL1BvbGl0aWNzL0ludGVybmF0aW9uYWwtcmVsYXRpb25zL1phbWJpYS1yZWFjaGVzLWRlYWwtd2l0aC1DaGluYS1vdGhlci1uYXRpb25zLXRvLXJld29yay02LjNibi1pbi1sb2Fuc9IBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Zambia reaches deal with China, other nations to rework $6.3bn in loans</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Nikkei Asia</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2pNajdUMEJ4SEVKM2JyVWdYNHN5Z0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title: Starbucks workers at 150 stores plan strike over Pride decor - The Washington Post
link:
https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2pNc0pXTUNCRTd5cE80cThidUlDZ0FQAQ?oc=5

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<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiUmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lndhc2hpbmd0b25wb3N0LmNvbS9idXNpbmVzcy8yMDIzLzA2LzIzL3N0YXJidWNrcy13b3JrZXJzLXByaWRlLXN0cmlrZS_SAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Starbucks workers at 150 stores plan strike over Pride decor</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Washington Post</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiT2h0dHBzOi8vZmluYW5jZS55YWhvby5jb20vbmV3cy9zdGFyYnVja3Mtd29ya2Vycy1vdmVyLTE1MC1zdG9yZXMtMTE1ODI1NDYxLmh0bWzSAVdodHRwczovL2ZpbmFuY2UueWFob28uY29tL2FtcGh0bWwvbmV3cy9zdGFyYnVja3Mtd29ya2Vycy1vdmVyLTE1MC1zdG9yZXMtMTE1ODI1NDYxLmh0bWw?oc=5" target="_blank">Starbucks workers at over 150 stores to go on strike over Pride decor dispute</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Yahoo Finance</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiVWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnRoZWRhaWx5YmVhc3QuY29tL3N0YXJidWNrcy11bmlvbi13b3JrZXJzLXN0cmlrZS1vdmVyLXByaWRlLWRlY29yLWRpc3B1dGXSAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Starbucks Union Workers Strike Over Pride Decor Dispute</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Daily Beast</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiY2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmNocmlzdGlhbnBvc3QuY29tL3ZvaWNlcy90aGUtY3VsdHVyYWwtdGlkZS1pcy1jb250aW51aW5nLXRvLXR1cm4tbW9yZS1jb25zZXJ2YXRpdmUuaHRtbNIBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">The cultural tide is continuing to turn more conservative</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Christian Post</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiigFodHRwczovL3d3dy5tYXJrZXR3YXRjaC5jb20vc3Rvcnkvc3RhcmJ1Y2tzLXdvcmtlcnMtYXQtbW9yZS10aGFuLTE1MC1zdG9yZXMtcGxhbi10by1zdHJpa2UtYXMtdGVuc2lvbnMtYnVpbGQtb3Zlci1wcmlkZS1kZWNvcmF0aW9ucy1kNGQ5ZWXSAY4BaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubWFya2V0d2F0Y2guY29tL2FtcC9zdG9yeS9zdGFyYnVja3Mtd29ya2Vycy1hdC1tb3JlLXRoYW4tMTUwLXN0b3Jlcy1wbGFuLXRvLXN0cmlrZS1hcy10ZW5zaW9ucy1idWlsZC1vdmVyLXByaWRlLWRlY29yYXRpb25zLWQ0ZDllZQ?oc=5" target="_blank">Starbucks workers at more than 150 stores plan to strike over Pride decorations</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">MarketWatch</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2pNc0pXTUNCRTd5cE80cThidUlDZ0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title:
We’re 54, have $4.5 million in savings but don’t know how to withdraw it in retirement. What should we do? - MarketWatch

content:


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title: Commercial Real Estate Reset Is Causing Distress From San Francisco to Hong Kong - Bloomberg
link:
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<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMigwFodHRwczovL3d3dy5ibG9vbWJlcmcuY29tL25ld3MvYXJ0aWNsZXMvMjAyMy0wNi0yMy9jb21tZXJjaWFsLXJlYWwtZXN0YXRlLXJlc2V0LWlzLWNhdXNpbmctZGlzdHJlc3MtZnJvbS1zYW4tZnJhbmNpc2NvLXRvLWhvbmcta29uZ9IBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Commercial Real Estate Reset Is Causing Distress From San Francisco to Hong Kong</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Bloomberg</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiS2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmNvbW1lcmNpYWxzZWFyY2guY29tL25ld3MvY2hpY2Fnb3Mtb2ZmaWNlLW1hcmtldC1zbG93LXRvLWFkYXB0L9IBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Chicago's Office Market Slow to Adapt - CPE</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Commercial Property Executive</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMibmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmJsb29tYmVyZy5jb20vbmV3cy9hcnRpY2xlcy8yMDIzLTA2LTIyL29mZmljZS1vd25lcnMtZ2V0LWRpcmUtd2FybmluZy1yZWJvdW5kLXVubGlrZWx5LWJlZm9yZS0yMDQw0gEA?oc=5" target="_blank">US Office Owners Get Dire Warning: Rebound Unlikely Before 2040</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Bloomberg</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiZ2h0dHBzOi8vdGhlcmVhbGRlYWwuY29tLzIwMjMvMDYvMjIvc2lsaWNvbi12YWxsZXktb2ZmaWNlLXZhY2FuY3ktanVtcHMtdG8tMTctYXMtdGVjaC1maXJtcy1zaGVkLWZsb29ycy_SAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Silicon Valley office vacancy jumps to 17% as tech firms shed floors</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Real Deal</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiXmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LndlYWx0aG1hbmFnZW1lbnQuY29tL29mZmljZS93aHktYXJlLW9mZmljZS1yZWl0cy10cmFkaW5nLXNpZ25pZmljYW50LWRpc2NvdW50cy1uYXbSAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Why Are Office REITs Trading at Significant Discounts to NAV?</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Wealth Management</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2lRZ3R1TENCRTBwZFRJaHRER3hpZ0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title: Indiana fruit recall: These frozen products may be contaminated - IndyStar
link:
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<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMijQFodHRwczovL3d3dy5pbmR5c3Rhci5jb20vc3RvcnkvbmV3cy9sb2NhbC9pbmRpYW5hcG9saXMvMjAyMy8wNi8yMy9pbmRpYW5hLWZydWl0LXJlY2FsbC10aGVzZS1mcm96ZW4tcHJvZHVjdHMtbWF5LWJlLWNvbnRhbWluYXRlZC83MDM0OTU4MDAwNy_SAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Indiana fruit recall: These frozen products may be contaminated</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">IndyStar</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMie2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmZveGJ1c2luZXNzLmNvbS9saWZlc3R5bGUvZnJvemVuLXBpbmVhcHBsZS1wcm9kdWN0cy1zb2xkLW1ham9yLWdyb2NlcnMtcmVjYWxsZWQtcG9zc2libGUtbGlzdGVyaWEtY29udGFtaW5hdGlvbtIBf2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmZveGJ1c2luZXNzLmNvbS9saWZlc3R5bGUvZnJvemVuLXBpbmVhcHBsZS1wcm9kdWN0cy1zb2xkLW1ham9yLWdyb2NlcnMtcmVjYWxsZWQtcG9zc2libGUtbGlzdGVyaWEtY29udGFtaW5hdGlvbi5hbXA?oc=5" target="_blank">Frozen pineapple products sold at major grocers recalled over possible Listeria contamination</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Fox Business</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMibGh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lmdvb2Rtb3JuaW5nYW1lcmljYS5jb20vZm9vZC9zdG9yeS9kb3plbnMtZnJvemVuLWZydWl0LXByb2R1Y3RzLXNvbGQtdGFyZ2V0LXRyYWRlci1qb2VzLTEwMDMwNDUxNdIBcGh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lmdvb2Rtb3JuaW5nYW1lcmljYS5jb20vYW1wL2Zvb2Qvc3RvcnkvZG96ZW5zLWZyb3plbi1mcnVpdC1wcm9kdWN0cy1zb2xkLXRhcmdldC10cmFkZXItam9lcy0xMDAzMDQ1MTU?oc=5" target="_blank">Dozens of frozen fruit products sold at 6 major retailers recalled by FDA</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">GMA</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMibWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnVzYXRvZGF5LmNvbS9zdG9yeS9tb25leS8yMDIzLzA2LzIyL2Zyb3plbi1mcnVpdC1yZWNhbGwtMjAyMy13YWxtYXJ0LXRhcmdldC1saXN0ZXJpYS83MDM0ODc2OTAwNy_SAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Frozen fruit at Walmart recalled over possible Listeria contamination</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">USA TODAY</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiXWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lndpc2h0di5jb20vbmV3cy9sb2NhbC1uZXdzL2ZkYS1hbm5vdW5jZXMtcmVjYWxsLWZvci1mcm96ZW4tZnJ1aXQtc29sZC1pbi1pbmRpYW5hL9IBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">FDA announces recall for frozen fruit sold in Indiana</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">WISH TV Indianapolis, IN</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2l3dTdhS0NCSEY5SDBNQldsTjd5Z0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title: Apple Opens VisionOS Access for Devs to Build for Vision Pro - Gizmodo
link:
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<a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiSGh0dHBzOi8vZ2l6bW9kby5jb20vYXBwbGUtdmlzaW9uLXByby12aXNpb25vcy1kZXYtYWNjZXNzLW9wZW4tMTg1MDU2NDg2NNIBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Apple Opens VisionOS Access for Devs to Build for Vision Pro</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Gizmodo</font><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2lsdHVHSUNCRjNUeV9LNzk0N0t5Z0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong>


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title: Private email shows PlayStation chief unworried about Xbox-exclusive Call of Duty - Ars Technica
link:
https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2pDMmRXTENCRndsTG1tNXMwaTRDZ0FQAQ?oc=5

content:
<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMidWh0dHBzOi8vYXJzdGVjaG5pY2EuY29tL2dhbWluZy8yMDIzLzA2L3BsYXlzdGF0aW9uLWNoaWVmLXByaXZhdGVseS1kaXNtaXNzZWQtY29uY2VybnMtb2YteGJveC1leGNsdXNpdmUtY2FsbC1vZi1kdXR5L9IBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Private email shows PlayStation chief unworried about Xbox-exclusive Call of Duty</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Ars Technica</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMihAFodHRwczovL3d3dy5pZ24uY29tL2FydGljbGVzL21pY3Jvc29mdC1hZG1pdHMteGJveC1oYXMtbG9zdC10aGUtY29uc29sZS13YXJzLWFzLWl0LWJhdHRsZXMtZm9yLTY5LWJpbGxpb24tYWN0aXZpc2lvbi1ibGl6emFyZC1idXlvdXTSAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Microsoft Admits Xbox Has 'Lost the Console Wars' as It Battles for $69 Billion Activision Blizzard Buyout</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">IGN</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiZGh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnBsYXlzdGF0aW9ubGlmZXN0eWxlLm5ldC8yMDIzLzA2LzIzL3BzNi1wbGF5c3RhdGlvbi02LW5leHQtZ2VuLXhib3gtcmVsZWFzZS1kYXRlLXdpbmRvdy_SAWhodHRwczovL3d3dy5wbGF5c3RhdGlvbmxpZmVzdHlsZS5uZXQvMjAyMy8wNi8yMy9wczYtcGxheXN0YXRpb24tNi1uZXh0LWdlbi14Ym94LXJlbGVhc2UtZGF0ZS13aW5kb3cvYW1wLw?oc=5" target="_blank">PS6 and Next-Gen Xbox Release Date Window Shared by Microsoft</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">PlayStation LifeStyle</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiU2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmtlZW5nYW1lci5jb20vYXJ0aWNsZXMvbmV3cy9taWNyb3NvZnQtc2F5cy1pdC1oYXMtbG9zdC10aGUtY29uc29sZS13YXIv0gEA?oc=5" target="_blank">Microsoft Says It Has “Lost the Console War”</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">KeenGamer News</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiWmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lmlnbi5jb20vYXJ0aWNsZXMveGJveC1hY3RpdmlzaW9uLWJsaXp6YXJkLWFjcXVpc2l0aW9uLWZ0Yy10cmlhbC1kYXktMS1yZWFjdGlvbtIBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Xbox FTC Trial Day 1: The FTC Went on the Attack Against Bethesda. How Will Microsoft Respond?</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">IGN</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2pDMmRXTENCRndsTG1tNXMwaTRDZ0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title: Sony won't stop making Android phones - 9to5Google
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https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2lPbnJlTUNCRnVfd2Vyb1kxTUVpZ0FQAQ?oc=5

content:
<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiNWh0dHBzOi8vOXRvNWdvb2dsZS5jb20vMjAyMy8wNi8yMy9zb255LXhwZXJpYS1waG9uZXMv0gEA?oc=5" target="_blank">Sony won't stop making Android phones</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">9to5Google</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMia2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmVuZ2FkZ2V0LmNvbS9zb255LXBsYW5zLXRvLWtlZXAtbWFraW5nLXNtYXJ0cGhvbmVzLWZvci1hdC1sZWFzdC1hLWZldy1tb3JlLXllYXJzLTE2MDA1MTQ3My5odG1s0gFvaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZW5nYWRnZXQuY29tL2FtcC9zb255LXBsYW5zLXRvLWtlZXAtbWFraW5nLXNtYXJ0cGhvbmVzLWZvci1hdC1sZWFzdC1hLWZldy1tb3JlLXllYXJzLTE2MDA1MTQ3My5odG1s?oc=5" target="_blank">Sony plans to keep making smartphones for at least a few more years</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Engadget</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMidWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmdzbWFyZW5hLmNvbS9zb255X3dpbGxfa2VlcF9tYWtpbmdfc21hcnRwaG9uZXNfZm9yX211bHRpcGxlX3llYXJzX3RvX2NvbWVfcXVhbGNvbW1fcmV2ZWFscy1uZXdzLTU4OTQ4LnBocNIBcmh0dHBzOi8vbS5nc21hcmVuYS5jb20vc29ueV93aWxsX2tlZXBfbWFraW5nX3NtYXJ0cGhvbmVzX2Zvcl9tdWx0aXBsZV95ZWFyc190b19jb21lX3F1YWxjb21tX3JldmVhbHMtYW1wLTU4OTQ4LnBocA?oc=5" target="_blank">Sony will keep making smartphones for multiple years to come, Qualcomm reveals - GSMArena.com news</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">GSMArena.com</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiSGh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnBob25lYXJlbmEuY29tL25ld3Mvc29ueS10by1rZWVwLW1ha2luZy1zbWFydHBob25lc19pZDE0ODM4MNIBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Xperia smartphones are not going away anytime soon after Sony extends its deal with Qualcomm</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">PhoneArena</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiNGh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmdhZGdldG1hdGNoLmNvbS9zb255LXF1YWxjb21tLWRlYWwtMjAyMy_SAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Sony commits to a few more years making smartphones</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">GadgetMatch</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2lPbnJlTUNCRnVfd2Vyb1kxTUVpZ0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title: Amazon is offering the Motorola Moto G Stylus 2022 at a phenomenal 43% discount - PhoneArena
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title:
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title: ‘No Hard Feelings’ shows off Jennifer Lawrence in a raunchy comedy with a deeper core - CNN
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content:
<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiT2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmNubi5jb20vMjAyMy8wNi8yMy9lbnRlcnRhaW5tZW50L25vLWhhcmQtZmVlbGluZ3MtcmV2aWV3L2luZGV4Lmh0bWzSAVNodHRwczovL2FtcC5jbm4uY29tL2Nubi8yMDIzLzA2LzIzL2VudGVydGFpbm1lbnQvbm8taGFyZC1mZWVsaW5ncy1yZXZpZXcvaW5kZXguaHRtbA?oc=5" target="_blank">‘No Hard Feelings’ shows off Jennifer Lawrence in a raunchy comedy with a deeper core</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">CNN</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiLmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmpvYmxvLmNvbS9uby1oYXJkLWZlZWxpbmdzLXJldmlldy_SATJodHRwczovL3d3dy5qb2Jsby5jb20vbm8taGFyZC1mZWVsaW5ncy1yZXZpZXcvYW1wLw?oc=5" target="_blank">No Hard Feelings Review</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">JoBlo.com</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiN2h0dHBzOi8vZnJlZWJlYWNvbi5jb20vY3VsdHVyZS9yZXZpZXctbm8taGFyZC1mZWVsaW5ncy_SATtodHRwczovL2ZyZWViZWFjb24uY29tL2N1bHR1cmUvcmV2aWV3LW5vLWhhcmQtZmVlbGluZ3MvYW1wLw?oc=5" target="_blank">REVIEW: No Hard Feelings</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Washington Free Beacon</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMieWh0dHBzOi8vdGhlZmlsbXN0YWdlLmNvbS9uby1oYXJkLWZlZWxpbmdzLXJldmlldy1qZW5uaWZlci1sYXdyZW5jZXMtY29tZWR5LW91dGluZy1pcy13ZWxsLWNyYWZ0ZWQtZnVubnktYW5kLWZhci10b28tdGFtZS_SAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">No Hard Feelings Review: Jennifer Lawrence's Comedy Outing is Well-Crafted, Funny, and Far Too Tame</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Film Stage</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiSmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnRoZW1hcnlzdWUuY29tL25vLWhhcmQtZmVlbGluZ3MtcmV2aWV3LXdlLWxpa2Utd2VpcmQtY29tZWRpZXMv0gEA?oc=5" target="_blank">'No Hard Feelings' Is a Reminder That We Like Weird Comedies!!!</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Mary Sue</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2pSalB5SkNCRVVUUW5TSFlzZkxDZ0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title:
Hail hurts dozens of concertgoers, scraps Louis Tomlinson show at Red Rocks Amphitheater near Denver - KTLA Los Angeles

content:
<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMihwFodHRwczovL2t0bGEuY29tL25ld3MvbmV4c3Rhci1tZWRpYS13aXJlL25hdGlvbndvcmxkL2hhaWwtcHVtbWVscy1jb25jZXJ0Z29lcnMtYmVmb3JlLWxvdWlzLXRvbWxpbnNvbi1zaG93LW5lYXItZGVudmVyLWluanVyaW5nLWRvemVucy_SAYsBaHR0cHM6Ly9rdGxhLmNvbS9uZXdzL25leHN0YXItbWVkaWEtd2lyZS9uYXRpb253b3JsZC9oYWlsLXB1bW1lbHMtY29uY2VydGdvZXJzLWJlZm9yZS1sb3Vpcy10b21saW5zb24tc2hvdy1uZWFyLWRlbnZlci1pbmp1cmluZy1kb3plbnMvYW1wLw?oc=5" target="_blank">Hail hurts dozens of concertgoers, scraps Louis Tomlinson show at Red Rocks Amphitheater near Denver</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">KTLA Los Angeles</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiTWh0dHBzOi8vbmV3cy55YWhvby5jb20vbWFzc2l2ZS1oYWlsLXN0b3JtLXB1bW1lbHMtY29uY2VydGdvZXJzLTExMDg0Nzc5OC5odG1s0gFVaHR0cHM6Ly9uZXdzLnlhaG9vLmNvbS9hbXBodG1sL21hc3NpdmUtaGFpbC1zdG9ybS1wdW1tZWxzLWNvbmNlcnRnb2Vycy0xMTA4NDc3OTguaHRtbA?oc=5" target="_blank">Massive hailstorm pummels concertgoers, injuring nearly 100</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Yahoo News</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMid2h0dHBzOi8vZXRjYW5hZGEuY29tL25ld3MvMTAwMTUzMy9sb3Vpcy10b21saW5zb24tY29uY2VydGdvZXJzLWhpdC13aXRoLWhhaWwtYXQtY29sb3JhZG9zLXJlZC1yb2Nrcy1zZXZlbi1ob3NwaXRhbGl6ZWQv0gF7aHR0cHM6Ly9ldGNhbmFkYS5jb20vbmV3cy8xMDAxNTMzL2xvdWlzLXRvbWxpbnNvbi1jb25jZXJ0Z29lcnMtaGl0LXdpdGgtaGFpbC1hdC1jb2xvcmFkb3MtcmVkLXJvY2tzLXNldmVuLWhvc3BpdGFsaXplZC9hbXAv?oc=5" target="_blank">Louis Tomlinson Concertgoers Hit With Hail At Colorado’s Red Rocks, Seven Hospitalized</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">ETCanada.com</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiWmh0dHBzOi8va2R2ci5jb20vd2VhdGhlci93eC1uZXdzL2hvdy1jYW4teW91LXN0YXktc2FmZS1hdC1yZWQtcm9ja3MtZHVyaW5nLXNldmVyZS13ZWF0aGVyL9IBXmh0dHBzOi8va2R2ci5jb20vd2VhdGhlci93eC1uZXdzL2hvdy1jYW4teW91LXN0YXktc2FmZS1hdC1yZWQtcm9ja3MtZHVyaW5nLXNldmVyZS13ZWF0aGVyL2FtcC8?oc=5" target="_blank">How can you stay safe at Red Rocks during severe weather?</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">FOX 31 Denver</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiRmh0dHBzOi8vdW5vZmZpY2lhbG5ldHdvcmtzLmNvbS8yMDIzLzA2LzIzL3JlZC1yb2NrLWhhaWwtc3Rvcm0tY29uY2VydC_SAUpodHRwczovL3Vub2ZmaWNpYWxuZXR3b3Jrcy5jb20vMjAyMy8wNi8yMy9yZWQtcm9jay1oYWlsLXN0b3JtLWNvbmNlcnQvYW1wLw?oc=5" target="_blank">80+ Injured/7 Hospitalized After Hail Storm Hits Red Rocks Concert</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Unofficial Networks</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2lBanNXRkNCRTdyQnBqUjIyX2J5Z0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title: Rochester jazz festival: Friday's opening features jazz guitar legend and free shows - News10NBC
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title: NBA draft 2023 - Grading the Spurs, Hornets, Blazers and every team's night - ESPN - ESPN
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title:
Chiefs-Bengals beef heats up after Travis Kelce calls out Ja'Marr Chase for disrespecting Patrick Mahomes - Yahoo Sports

content:
<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMikAFodHRwczovL3Nwb3J0cy55YWhvby5jb20vY2hpZWZzLWJlbmdhbHMtYmVlZi1oZWF0cy11cC1hZnRlci10cmF2aXMta2VsY2UtY2FsbHMtb3V0LWphbWFyci1jaGFzZS1mb3ItZGlzcmVzcGVjdGluZy1wYXRyaWNrLW1haG9tZXMtMTQzNjI1ODIwLmh0bWzSAZgBaHR0cHM6Ly9zcG9ydHMueWFob28uY29tL2FtcGh0bWwvY2hpZWZzLWJlbmdhbHMtYmVlZi1oZWF0cy11cC1hZnRlci10cmF2aXMta2VsY2UtY2FsbHMtb3V0LWphbWFyci1jaGFzZS1mb3ItZGlzcmVzcGVjdGluZy1wYXRyaWNrLW1haG9tZXMtMTQzNjI1ODIwLmh0bWw?oc=5" target="_blank">Chiefs-Bengals beef heats up after Travis Kelce calls out Ja'Marr Chase for disrespecting Patrick Mahomes</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Yahoo Sports</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiXmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmVzcG4uY29tL25mbC9zdG9yeS9fL2lkLzM3OTA0NDM4L3RyYXZpcy1rZWxjZS1qYW1hcnItY2hhc2UtZXZlci1kaXNyZXNwZWN0LW1haG9tZXPSAWtodHRwczovL3d3dy5lc3BuLmNvbS9uZmwvc3RvcnkvXy9pZC8zNzkwNDQzOC90cmF2aXMta2VsY2UtamFtYXJyLWNoYXNlLWV2ZXItZGlzcmVzcGVjdC1tYWhvbWVzP3BsYXRmb3JtPWFtcA?oc=5" target="_blank">Travis Kelce to Ja'Marr Chase - Don't ever disrespect Mahomes - ESPN</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">ESPN</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiaWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm5mbC5jb20vbmV3cy9jaGllZnMtdHJhdmlzLWtlbGNlLXJlc3BvbmRzLXRvLWphLW1hcnItY2hhc2Utcy10cmFzaC10YWxrLWRvbi10LXlvdS1ldmVyLWRpc3Jlc9IBaWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm5mbC5jb20vX2FtcC9jaGllZnMtdHJhdmlzLWtlbGNlLXJlc3BvbmRzLXRvLWphLW1hcnItY2hhc2Utcy10cmFzaC10YWxrLWRvbi10LXlvdS1ldmVyLWRpc3Jlcw?oc=5" target="_blank">Chiefs' Travis Kelce responds to Ja'Marr Chase's trash talk: 'Don't you ever disrespect Pat Mahomes'</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">NFL.com</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiVGh0dHBzOi8vYXRobG9uc3BvcnRzLmNvbS9uZmwvdHJhdmlzLWtlbGNlLXJlc3BvbmRzLWphbWFyci1jaGFzZS1zaG90LXBhdHJpY2stbWFob21lc9IBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Travis Kelce Issues Fiery Response To Ja'Marr Chase's Shot at Patrick Mahomes</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Athlon Sports</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMicGh0dHBzOi8vY2hpZWZzd2lyZS51c2F0b2RheS5jb20vbGlzdHMva2FzbnNhcy1jaXR5LWNoaWVmcy1jaGVjay1pbi1uZXdzLWNpbmNpbm5hdGktYmVuZ2Fscy1zbWFjay10YWxrLWNvbnRpbnVlcy_SAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Chiefs Check-in: Smack talks continues between Cincinnati-Kansas</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Chiefs Wire</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2pXbWRDTUNCRVdjUnpqTVhyS0ppZ0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title: Winners and losers from 2023 NBA Draft. Starting with the Spurs. - NBC Sports
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content:
<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiZGh0dHBzOi8vbmJhLm5iY3Nwb3J0cy5jb20vMjAyMy8wNi8yMy93aW5uZXJzLWFuZC1sb3NlcnMtZnJvbS0yMDIzLW5iYS1kcmFmdC1zdGFydGluZy13aXRoLXRoZS1zcHVycy_SAWhodHRwczovL25iYS5uYmNzcG9ydHMuY29tLzIwMjMvMDYvMjMvd2lubmVycy1hbmQtbG9zZXJzLWZyb20tMjAyMy1uYmEtZHJhZnQtc3RhcnRpbmctd2l0aC10aGUtc3B1cnMvYW1wLw?oc=5" target="_blank">Winners and losers from 2023 NBA Draft. Starting with the Spurs.</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">NBC Sports</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiYGh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmVzcG4uY29tL25iYS9zdG9yeS9fL2lkLzM3ODkzMDYyL25iYS1kcmFmdC0yMDIzLXN1cnByaXNlcy13aW5uZXJzLWxvc2Vycy1maXJzdC1yb3VuZNIBbWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmVzcG4uY29tL25iYS9zdG9yeS9fL2lkLzM3ODkzMDYyL25iYS1kcmFmdC0yMDIzLXN1cnByaXNlcy13aW5uZXJzLWxvc2Vycy1maXJzdC1yb3VuZD9wbGF0Zm9ybT1hbXA?oc=5" target="_blank">NBA draft 2023 - Surprises, winners and losers from the first round - ESPN</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">ESPN</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMijQFodHRwczovL25ld3M0c2FuYW50b25pby5jb20vbmV3cy9sb2NhbC93aGF0YWJ1cmdlci13ZWxjb21lcy13ZW1iYW55YW1hLXNheXMtdGhhdC10aGUtdy1zdGFuZHMtZm9yLXdlbWJ5LW5vdy1sb2NhbC1zYW4tYW50b25pby10ZXhhcy1mYXN0LWZvb2TSAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Whataburger welcomes Wembanyama, says that the W stands for Wemby now</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">WOAI</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMibGh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmVzcG4uY29tL25iYS9zdG9yeS9fL2lkLzM3OTAxNTkyL3NwdXJzLXRha2UtcGhlbm9tLXZpY3Rvci13ZW1iYW55YW1hLW5vLTEtb3ZlcmFsbC1waWNrLW5iYS1kcmFmdNIBeWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmVzcG4uY29tL25iYS9zdG9yeS9fL2lkLzM3OTAxNTkyL3NwdXJzLXRha2UtcGhlbm9tLXZpY3Rvci13ZW1iYW55YW1hLW5vLTEtb3ZlcmFsbC1waWNrLW5iYS1kcmFmdD9wbGF0Zm9ybT1hbXA?oc=5" target="_blank">Spurs take phenom Victor Wembanyama with No. 1 pick in NBA draft - ESPN</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">ESPN</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiS2h0dHBzOi8vYXdmdWxhbm5vdW5jaW5nLmNvbS9lc3BuL21hcnR5LXNtaXRoLXZpY3Rvci13ZW1iYW55YW1hLWhhaXJjdXQuaHRtbNIBTmh0dHA6Ly9hbXAuYXdmdWxhbm5vdW5jaW5nLmNvbS9lc3BuL21hcnR5LXNtaXRoLXZpY3Rvci13ZW1iYW55YW1hLWhhaXJjdXQuaHRtbA?oc=5" target="_blank">Marty Smith rocks jorts, cowboy hat, and Victor Wembanyama haircut in San Antonio</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Awful Announcing</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2pBd283OUJ4SGxMTVRlREpzbUxTZ0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title: Bulls provide brutal Lonzo Ball update : 'Not coming back next season' - USA Today
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content:
<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMibWh0dHBzOi8vYnVsbHN3aXJlLnVzYXRvZGF5LmNvbS8yMDIzLzA2LzIzL2NoaWNhZ28tYnVsbHMtdXBkYXRlLWxvbnpvLWJhbGwtaW5qdXJ5LW5vdC1jb21pbmctYmFjay1uZXh0LXNlYXNvbi_SAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Bulls provide brutal Lonzo Ball update : 'Not coming back next season'</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">USA Today</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiXGh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmVzcG4uY29tL25iYS9zdG9yeS9fL2lkLzM3OTAzMjczL2J1bGxzLW5vdC1leHBlY3RpbmctbG9uem8tYmFsbC1rbmVlLXBsYXktc2Vhc29u0gFpaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZXNwbi5jb20vbmJhL3N0b3J5L18vaWQvMzc5MDMyNzMvYnVsbHMtbm90LWV4cGVjdGluZy1sb256by1iYWxsLWtuZWUtcGxheS1zZWFzb24_cGxhdGZvcm09YW1w?oc=5" target="_blank">Bulls not expecting Lonzo Ball (knee) to play this season - ESPN</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">ESPN</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiYGh0dHBzOi8vc3BvcnRzLnlhaG9vLmNvbS9idWxscy1leHBlY3QtcGctbG9uem8tYmFsbC10by1taXNzLWVudGlyZS0yMDIzLTI0LXNlYXNvbi0xMjQxMjI1NjkuaHRtbNIBaGh0dHBzOi8vc3BvcnRzLnlhaG9vLmNvbS9hbXBodG1sL2J1bGxzLWV4cGVjdC1wZy1sb256by1iYWxsLXRvLW1pc3MtZW50aXJlLTIwMjMtMjQtc2Vhc29uLTEyNDEyMjU2OS5odG1s?oc=5" target="_blank">Bulls expect PG Lonzo Ball to miss entire 2023-24 season</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Yahoo Sports</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiR2h0dHBzOi8vYXRobG9uc3BvcnRzLmNvbS9uYmEvYnVsbHMtbG9uem8tYmFsbC1yZXR1cm4taW5qdXJ5LW5leHQtc2Vhc29u0gEA?oc=5" target="_blank">Bulls Do Not Expect Lonzo Ball To Return From Injury Next Season</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Athlon Sports</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiggFodHRwczovL2NoaWNhZ28uc3VudGltZXMuY29tL2J1bGxzLzIwMjMvNi8yMy8yMzc3MTI3NC9idWxscy1sb256by1iYWxsLWxpa2VseS13aWxsLW1pc3MtMjAyMy0yNC1zZWFzb24tYmVjYXVzZS1vZi1sZWZ0LWtuZWUtaW5qdXJ50gEA?oc=5" target="_blank">Bulls' Lonzo Ball likely will miss 2023-24 season because of left knee injury</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Chicago Sun-Times</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2lmNmJDTkNCRzdwYjdfNFNtTDJpZ0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title: Updates: SpaceX launches dozens of Starlink satellites from Florida - Florida Today
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content:
<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMikAFodHRwczovL3d3dy5mbG9yaWRhdG9kYXkuY29tL3N0b3J5L3RlY2gvc2NpZW5jZS9zcGFjZS8yMDIzLzA2LzIzL2xpdmUtdXBkYXRlcy1zcGFjZXgtc2V0LXRvLWxhdW5jaC1zdGFybGluay1zYXRlbGxpdGVzLWZyb20tZmxvcmlkYS83MDMzNzk1NzAwNy_SAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Updates: SpaceX launches dozens of Starlink satellites from Florida</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Florida Today</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiRmh0dHBzOi8vc3BhY2VmbGlnaHRub3cuY29tLzIwMjMvMDYvMjMvZmFsY29uLTktc3RhcmxpbmstNS0xMi1jb3ZlcmFnZS_SAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">SpaceX closes out first half of 2023 with another Starlink launch – Spaceflight Now</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Spaceflight Now</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiN2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnNwYWNlLmNvbS9zcGFjZXgtc3RhcmxpbmstbGF1bmNoLWdyb3VwLTUtMTLSAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Watch SpaceX launch 56 Starlink satellites on June 23</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Space.com</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiVWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LndmbGEuY29tL2dsYW5jZS1hdC10aGUtZ2FsYXh5L3NwYWNleC1sYXVuY2hlcy01Ni1zYXRlbGxpdGVzLWZyb20tZmxvcmlkYS_SAVlodHRwczovL3d3dy53ZmxhLmNvbS9nbGFuY2UtYXQtdGhlLWdhbGF4eS9zcGFjZXgtbGF1bmNoZXMtNTYtc2F0ZWxsaXRlcy1mcm9tLWZsb3JpZGEvYW1wLw?oc=5" target="_blank">LIVE: SpaceX launches 56 satellites from Florida</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">WFLA</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2pFb0tpSkNCRm9RV1RpTWVPY2tDZ0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title: Underwater volcano triggered the most intense lightning ever recorded - Nature.com
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content:
<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiMmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm5hdHVyZS5jb20vYXJ0aWNsZXMvZDQxNTg2LTAyMy0wMTk0My050gEA?oc=5" target="_blank">Underwater volcano triggered the most intense lightning ever recorded</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Nature.com</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMidWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmxpdmVzY2llbmNlLmNvbS9wbGFuZXQtZWFydGgvdG9uZ2EtMjAyMi1lcnVwdGlvbi10cmlnZ2VyZWQtdGhlLW1vc3QtaW50ZW5zZS1saWdodG5pbmctc3Rvcm0tZXZlci1yZWNvcmRlZNIBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Tonga 2022 eruption triggered the most intense lightning storm ever recorded</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Livescience.com</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMicWh0dHBzOi8vd2VhdGhlci5jb20vZW4tSU4vaW5kaWEvbmV3cy9uZXdzLzIwMjMtMDYtMjMtdG9uZ2Etdm9sY2Fuby11bmxlYXNoZWQtMi1sYWtoLWxpZ2h0bmluZy1zdHJpa2VzLWluLTExLWhvdXJz0gEA?oc=5" target="_blank">The Tonga Volcanic Eruption Unleashed 2,00,000 Lightning Strikes in 11 Hours! | Weather.com</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Weather Channel</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiWGh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnNjaWVuY2VuZXdzLm9yZy9hcnRpY2xlL2h1bmdhLXRvbmdhLXZvbGNhbm8tZXJ1cHRpb24taGlnaC1hbHRpdHVkZS1saWdodG5pbmfSAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">The Hunga Tonga eruption sparked lightning at record-high altitudes</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Science News Magazine</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiWmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnNjaWVuY2VhbGVydC5jb20vdG9uZ2FuLWVydXB0aW9ucy0xMS1ob3Vycy1vZi1saWdodG5pbmctZnVyeS1zaGF0dGVyZWQtcmVjb3Jkc9IBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Tongan Eruption's 11 Hours of Lightning Fury Shattered Records</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">ScienceAlert</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2o2b043MkJ4SGFUZlhYcThzYnVTZ0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title: Dead Star's Magnetic Field Tricked Astronomers Into Thinking It Was Heading Our Way - ScienceAlert
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<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMib2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnNjaWVuY2VhbGVydC5jb20vZGVhZC1zdGFycy1tYWduZXRpYy1maWVsZC10cmlja2VkLWFzdHJvbm9tZXJzLWludG8tdGhpbmtpbmctaXQtd2FzLWhlYWRpbmctb3VyLXdhedIBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Dead Star's Magnetic Field Tricked Astronomers Into Thinking It Was Heading Our Way</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">ScienceAlert</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiRGh0dHBzOi8vcGh5cy5vcmcvbmV3cy8yMDIzLTA2LXdoaXRlLWR3YXJmLXN0cm9uZy1tYWduZXRpYy1maWVsZC5odG1s0gFDaHR0cHM6Ly9waHlzLm9yZy9uZXdzLzIwMjMtMDYtd2hpdGUtZHdhcmYtc3Ryb25nLW1hZ25ldGljLWZpZWxkLmFtcA?oc=5" target="_blank">White dwarf's strong magnetic field fooled scientists into thinking it would pass close to our solar system, study shows</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Phys.org</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiT2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmdpYW50ZnJlYWtpbnJvYm90LmNvbS9zY2kvd2hpdGUtZHdhcmYtcHVsc2FyLXNlY29uZC1kaXNjb3ZlcmVkLmh0bWzSAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">We've Discovered The Second Instance Of An Incredibly Rare Cosmic Event</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Giant Freakin Robot</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiUGh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnNjaWVuY2VhbGVydC5jb20vd2UtanVzdC1mb3VuZC1vbmUtb2YtdGhlLXJhcmVzdC1zdGFycy1pbi10aGUtZ2FsYXh50gEA?oc=5" target="_blank">We Just Found One of The Rarest Stars in The Galaxy</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">ScienceAlert</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiS2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnVuaXZlcnNldG9kYXkuY29tLzE2MjAyMS9hc3Ryb25vbWVycy1maW5kLWEtd2hpdGUtZHdhcmYtcHVsc2FyL9IBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Astronomers Find a White Dwarf Pulsar</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Universe Today</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2lua0t5SkNCRUhLbXNLVXhIbFJTZ0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title: Russian cosmonauts toss old equipment overboard on ISS spacewalk - Space.com
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<a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiSGh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnNwYWNlLmNvbS9pc3Mtc3BhY2V3YWxrLXJ1c3NpYW4tZXF1aXBtZW50LWpldHRpc29uLWp1bmUtMjAyM9IBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Russian cosmonauts toss old equipment overboard on ISS spacewalk</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Space.com</font><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2pxMUl5T0NCRmsyS3ZPUjhUNF9DZ0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong>


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title: CDC warns people to protect themselves from measles when traveling - AOL
link:
https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2lwbm9LTENCRm11QnF5RmVlWS1DZ0FQAQ?oc=5

content:
<a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiS2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmFvbC5jb20vbmV3cy9jZGMtd2FybnMtcGVvcGxlLXByb3RlY3QtdGhlbXNlbHZlcy0xOTI3Mzc2ODMuaHRtbNIBTmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmFvbC5jb20vYW1waHRtbC9jZGMtd2FybnMtcGVvcGxlLXByb3RlY3QtdGhlbXNlbHZlcy0xOTI3Mzc2ODMuaHRtbA?oc=5" target="_blank">CDC warns people to protect themselves from measles when traveling</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">AOL</font><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2lwbm9LTENCRm11QnF5RmVlWS1DZ0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong>


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title:
Reversing Baldness: Surprising New Molecular Mechanism Discovered for Stimulating Hair Growth - SciTechDaily

content:
<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMidmh0dHBzOi8vc2NpdGVjaGRhaWx5LmNvbS9yZXZlcnNpbmctYmFsZG5lc3Mtc3VycHJpc2luZy1uZXctbW9sZWN1bGFyLW1lY2hhbmlzbS1kaXNjb3ZlcmVkLWZvci1zdGltdWxhdGluZy1oYWlyLWdyb3d0aC_SAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Reversing Baldness: Surprising New Molecular Mechanism Discovered for Stimulating Hair Growth</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">SciTechDaily</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiLmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmludmVyc2UuY29tL2hlYWx0aC9oYWlyLWxvc3MtbW9sZXPSAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Hairy Moles Could Actually Hold the Cure for Baldness</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Inverse</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiiwFodHRwczovL3d3dy50ZWNobm9sb2d5bmV0d29ya3MuY29tL2NlbGwtc2NpZW5jZS9uZXdzL2NvbW1vbi1mb3JtLW9mLWhhaXItbG9zcy1jb3VsZC1iZS1yZXZlcnNlZC1ieS10YXJnZXRpbmctYWdlZC1za2luLXBpZ21lbnQtY2VsbHMtMzc1MTYx0gEA?oc=5" target="_blank">Common Form of Hair Loss Could Be Reversed by Targeting Aged Skin Pigment Cells</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Technology Networks</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiYmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmZpZXJjZWJpb3RlY2guY29tL3Jlc2VhcmNoL2NvbXBvdW5kLW1ha2VzLWhhaXItZ3Jvdy1tb2xlcy1jb3VsZC10cmVhdC1wYXR0ZXJuLWJhbGRuZXNz0gEA?oc=5" target="_blank">Do hairy moles hold the key to treating hair loss?</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">FierceBiotech</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiWGh0dHBzOi8vbmV3YXRsYXMuY29tL3NjaWVuY2UvbW9sZWN1bGFyLW1lY2hhbmljcy1zZW5lc2NlbnQtY2VsbHMtc3RpbXVsYXRlcy1oYWlyLWdyb3d0aC_SAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Molecular mechanics of aging cells may be key to stimulating hair growth</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">New Atlas</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2pibjh5RENCSHl2QzNtSEJfcEN5Z0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title: Diabetes: a defining disease of the 21st century - The Lancet
link:
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<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiU2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnRoZWxhbmNldC5jb20vam91cm5hbHMvbGFuY2V0L2FydGljbGUvUElJUzAxNDAtNjczNigyMykwMTI5Ni01L2Z1bGx0ZXh00gEA?oc=5" target="_blank">Diabetes: a defining disease of the 21st century</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Lancet</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiS2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnN0YXRuZXdzLmNvbS8yMDIzLzA2LzIyL2dsb2JhbC1kaWFiZXRlcy1zdXJwYXNzLWJpbGxpb24tbGFuY2V0L9IBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Global diabetes cases to surpass one billion by 2050</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">STAT</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiPGh0dHBzOi8vdGltZS5jb20vNjI4OTUyNC9kaWFiZXRlcy13b3JsZHdpZGUtcHJlZGljdGlvbi0yMDUwL9IBAA?oc=5" target="_blank">Over 1.3 Billion People to Have Diabetes by 2050, Researchers Say</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">TIME</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiWmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnRpbWVzb2Zpc3JhZWwuY29tL2RpYWJldGVzLWNhc2VzLXRvLWRvdWJsZS10by0xLTMtYmlsbGlvbi1ieS0yMDUwLXN0dWR5LWZpbmRzL9IBXmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnRpbWVzb2Zpc3JhZWwuY29tL2RpYWJldGVzLWNhc2VzLXRvLWRvdWJsZS10by0xLTMtYmlsbGlvbi1ieS0yMDUwLXN0dWR5LWZpbmRzL2FtcC8?oc=5" target="_blank">Diabetes cases to double to 1.3 billion by 2050, study finds</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">The Times of Israel</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiSmh0dHBzOi8vbmV3cy55YWhvby5jb20vYWxhcm1pbmctcmlzZS1kaWFiZXRlcy1nbG9iYWxseS0yMDUwLTIyMzcwNTI5MC5odG1s0gFSaHR0cHM6Ly9uZXdzLnlhaG9vLmNvbS9hbXBodG1sL2FsYXJtaW5nLXJpc2UtZGlhYmV0ZXMtZ2xvYmFsbHktMjA1MC0yMjM3MDUyOTAuaHRtbA?oc=5" target="_blank">'Alarming' rise in diabetes globally by 2050- study</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Yahoo News</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2lQak9lTUNCSGdLUnNqOE43OUh5Z0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


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title:
Feeling high associated with improved symptom relief but increased negative side effects in medical cannabis patients - News-Medical.Net

content:
<ol><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMipQFodHRwczovL3d3dy5uZXdzLW1lZGljYWwubmV0L25ld3MvMjAyMzA2MjIvRmVlbGluZy1oaWdoLWFzc29jaWF0ZWQtd2l0aC1pbXByb3ZlZC1zeW1wdG9tLXJlbGllZi1idXQtaW5jcmVhc2VkLW5lZ2F0aXZlLXNpZGUtZWZmZWN0cy1pbi1tZWRpY2FsLWNhbm5hYmlzLXBhdGllbnRzLmFzcHjSAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Feeling high associated with improved symptom relief but increased negative side effects in medical cannabis patients</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">News-Medical.Net</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiK2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm1lZHNjYXBlLmNvbS92aWV3YXJ0aWNsZS85OTM2MTPSAQA?oc=5" target="_blank">Is a Drug to Treat Cannabis Addiction Finally Within Reach?</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Medscape</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMiemh0dHBzOi8vaGlnaHRpbWVzLmNvbS9zdHVkeS9mZWVsaW5nLWhpZ2gtY29ycmVsYXRlcy13aXRoLWdyZWF0ZXItc3ltcHRvbS1yZWxpZWYtZm9yLW1lZGljYWwtY2FubmFiaXMtcGF0aWVudHMtc3R1ZHktZmluZHMv0gF-aHR0cHM6Ly9oaWdodGltZXMuY29tL3N0dWR5L2ZlZWxpbmctaGlnaC1jb3JyZWxhdGVzLXdpdGgtZ3JlYXRlci1zeW1wdG9tLXJlbGllZi1mb3ItbWVkaWNhbC1jYW5uYWJpcy1wYXRpZW50cy1zdHVkeS1maW5kcy9hbXAv?oc=5" target="_blank">Feeling High Correlates with Greater Symptom Relief for Medical Cannabis Patients, Study Finds</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">High Times</font></li><li><a href="https://news.google.com/atom/articles/CBMidmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnNjaWVudGlmaWNhbWVyaWNhbi5jb20vYXJ0aWNsZS9uZXctZHJ1Zy1mb3ItY2FubmFiaXMtdXNlLWRpc29yZGVyLXNob3dzLXByb21pc2UtaW4tZWFybHktdHJpYWxzLWluLWh1bWFucy_SAX9odHRwczovL3d3dy5zY2llbnRpZmljYW1lcmljYW4uY29tL2FydGljbGUvbmV3LWRydWctZm9yLWNhbm5hYmlzLXVzZS1kaXNvcmRlci1zaG93cy1wcm9taXNlLWluLWVhcmx5LXRyaWFscy1pbi1odW1hbnMvP2FtcD10cnVl?oc=5" target="_blank">New Drug for Cannabis Use Disorder Shows Promise in Early Trials in Humans</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#6f6f6f">Scientific American</font></li><li><strong><a href="https://news.google.com/stories/CAAqNggKIjBDQklTSGpvSmMzUnZjbmt0TXpZd1NoRUtEd2k4MWNpS0NCRXUxZWNyTmpUbDR5Z0FQAQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=5" target="_blank">View Full Coverage on Google News</a></strong></li></ol>


link: https://itsfoss.com/newsletter/foss-weekly-23-25/
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title: FOSS Weekly #23.25: ONLYOFFICE, Clipboard App, Bash Variables and More Linux Stuff
description: The bash basic series continues and so does the Linux learning.
categories: Newsletter
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<img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/foss-weekly-23-25.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.25: ONLYOFFICE, Clipboard App, Bash Variables and More Linux Stuff"><p>Reintroducing the &apos;request your tutorial&apos; feature &#x1F9BE;</p><p>You might face some issues in your desktop Linux life. And if you did not find a good tutorial for your problem, feel free to <a href="https://itsfoss.community/c/topic-ideas/25?ref=itsfoss.com">request a tutorial through our Community platform</a>. You can also suggest topics that you think should be covered on It&apos;s FOSS.</p><p>The 11th-anniversary offer ends this week. <strong><em><a href="https://itsfoss.com/11th-anniversary-offer">Opt for Pro Subscription</a> at 11% discount and get two ebooks: <a href="https://linuxhandbook.gumroad.com/l/mEsrwA?ref=itsfoss.com">Learn Linux Quickly</a> and <a href="https://linuxhandbook.gumroad.com/l/ejfGu?ref=itsfoss.com">Learn Bash Quickly</a>. </em></strong>Pro members can download the books for free <a href="https://itsfoss.com/pro-resources/">from this page</a>.</p><p><strong>&#x1F4AC; Let&apos;s see what you get in this edition of FOSS Weekly:</strong></p><ul><li>The second article in our Bash Basics series.</li><li>A couple of office suite software updates.</li><li><a href="https://itsfoss.com/11th-anniversary-offer">11% celebratory discount on It&apos;s FOSS Pro subscription</a> (and two Linux and Bash books)</li><li>And other Linux news, videos, and, of course, memes!</li></ul><hr><h2 id="%F0%9F%93%B0-linux-news">&#x1F4F0; Linux news</h2><p>ONLYOFFICE 7.4 was recently released with drawing support, radar charts, plugins upgrade and more.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://news.itsfoss.com/onlyoffice-7-4-release/?ref=itsfoss.com"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Open Source Microsoft Office Alternative ONLYOFFICE Releases Version 7.4</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">There is a new release of the awesome ONLYOFFICE.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/08/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.25: ONLYOFFICE, Clipboard App, Bash Variables and More Linux Stuff"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS News</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Sourav Rudra</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/ONLYOFFICE_7.4_Featured_Image.jpg" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.25: ONLYOFFICE, Clipboard App, Bash Variables and More Linux Stuff"></div></a></figure><p>Similarly, SoftMaker Office 2024 (non-FOSS) recently introduced ChatGPT and DeepL integration.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://news.itsfoss.com/softmaker-office-2024/?ref=itsfoss.com"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">SoftMaker Office 2024 Releases With Integrated ChatGPT and DeepL</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">SoftMaker is a well-known office suite for Linux and other platforms. Check out its latest release here.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/08/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.25: ONLYOFFICE, Clipboard App, Bash Variables and More Linux Stuff"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS News</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Sourav Rudra</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/softmaker-office-2024-release.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.25: ONLYOFFICE, Clipboard App, Bash Variables and More Linux Stuff"></div></a></figure><hr><h2 id="%F0%9F%A7%A0-what-we%E2%80%99re-thinking-about">&#x1F9E0; What we&#x2019;re thinking about</h2><p>The predictions of Richard Stallman have become a reality, and copyleft is becoming increasingly important.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://ploum.net/2023-06-19-more-rms.html?ref=itsfoss.com"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">We need more of Richard Stallman, not less</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">We need more of Richard Stallman, not less &#xE9;crit par Ploum, Lionel Dricot, ing&#xE9;nieur, &#xE9;crivain de science-fiction, d&#xE9;veloppeur de logiciels libres.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://ploum.net/files/favicon.ico" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.25: ONLYOFFICE, Clipboard App, Bash Variables and More Linux Stuff"></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://ploum.net/files/rms2019.jpg" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.25: ONLYOFFICE, Clipboard App, Bash Variables and More Linux Stuff"></div></a></figure><hr><h2 id="%F0%9F%A7%AE-tutorials">&#x1F9EE; 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link: https://itsfoss.com/flatpak-ubuntu/
encoded_syndication_url: aHR0cHM6Ly9pdHNmb3NzLmNvbS9mZWVk
read: False
type: Rss
title: Install and Use Flatpak on Ubuntu
categories: Ubuntu
description:
Ubuntu may come with Snap by default but you could still enjoy the Flatpak universal packages on it.

content:
<img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/install-flatpak-ubuntu.png" alt="Install and Use Flatpak on Ubuntu"><p>The Linux world has three &apos;universal&apos; packaging formats that allow running on &apos;any&apos; Linux distribution; Snap, Flatpak and AppImage.</p>
<p>Ubuntu comes baked-in with Snap but most distributions and developers avoid it because of its close source nature. They prefer <a href="https://itsfoss.com/what-is-flatpak/">Fedora&apos;s Flatpak packaging system</a>. </p>
<p>As an Ubuntu user, you are not restricted to Snap. You also can use Flatpak on your Ubuntu system.</p>
<p>In this tutorial, I&apos;ll discuss the following:</p>
<ul><li>Enabling Flatpak support on Ubuntu</li><li>Using Flatpak commands to manage packages</li><li>Getting packages from Flathub</li><li>Add Flatpak packages to Software Center</li></ul>
<p>Sounds exciting? Let&apos;s see them one by one.</p>
<h2 id="installing-flatpak-on-ubuntu">Installing Flatpak on Ubuntu</h2>
<p>You can easily install Flatpak using the following command:</p>
<pre><code>sudo apt install flatpak</code></pre>
<p>For <strong><em>Ubuntu 18.04 or older versions</em></strong>, use PPA:</p>
<pre><code>sudo add-apt-repository ppa:flatpak/stable
sudo apt update
sudo apt install flatpak</code></pre>
<h3 id="add-flathub-repo">Add Flathub repo</h3>
<p>You have installed Flatpak support in your Ubuntu system. However, if you try to install a Flatpak package, you&apos;ll get &apos;<a href="https://itsfoss.com/no-remote-ref-found-flatpak/">No remote refs found&apos; error</a>. That&apos;s because there are no Flatpak repositories added and hence Flatpak doesn&apos;t even know from where it should get the applications.</p>
<p>Flatpak has a centralized repository called Flathub. A number of Flatpak applications can be found and downloaded from here.</p>
<p>You should add the Flathub repo to access those applications.</p>
<pre><code>flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo
</code></pre>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/install-flatpak-1.svg" alt="Install and Use Flatpak on Ubuntu" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="386"><figcaption><span>Installing Flatpak and add Flathub Repo</span></figcaption></figure>
<p>Once Flatpak is installed and configured, <strong>restart your system</strong>. Otherwise, installed Flatpak apps won&apos;t be visible on your system menu. </p>
<p>Still, you can always run a flatpak app by running:</p>
<pre><code>flatpak run &lt;package-name&gt;</code></pre>
<h2 id="common-flatpak-commands">Common Flatpak Commands</h2>
<p>Now that you have Flatpak packaging support installed, it&apos;s time to learn some of the most common Flatpak commands needed for package management.</p>
<h3 id="search-for-a-package">Search for a Package</h3>
<p>Either use Flathub website or use the following command, if you know the application name:</p>
<pre><code>flatpak search &lt;package-name&gt;</code></pre>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/flatpak-search.svg" alt="Install and Use Flatpak on Ubuntu" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="386"><figcaption><span>Search for a Package</span></figcaption></figure>
<div class="kg-card kg-callout-card kg-callout-card-red"><div class="kg-callout-emoji">&#x1F6A7;</div><div class="kg-callout-text"><p><span>Except for searching a flatpak package, on other instances, the &lt;package-name&gt; refers to the proper Flatpak package name, like </span><code><span>com.raggesilver.BlackBox</span></code><span> (Application ID in the above screenshot). You may also use the last word </span><code><span>Blackbox</span></code><span> of the Application ID.</span></p></div></div>
<h3 id="install-a-flatpak-package">Install a Flatpak package</h3>
<p>Here&apos;s the syntax for installing a Flatpak package:</p>
<pre><code>flatpak install &lt;remote-repo&gt; &lt;package-name&gt;</code></pre>
<p>Since almost all the times you&apos;ll be getting applications from Flathub, the remote repository will be <code>flathub</code>:</p>
<pre><code>flatpak install flathub &lt;package-name&gt;</code></pre>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/flatpak-install-package.svg" alt="Install and Use Flatpak on Ubuntu" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="386"><figcaption><span>Install a Package</span></figcaption></figure>
<p>In some rare cases, you may install Flatpak packages from the developer&apos;s repository directly instead of Flathub. In that case, you use a syntax like this: </p>
<pre><code>flatpak install --from https://flathub.org/repo/appstream/com.spotify.Client.flatpakref</code></pre>
<h3 id="install-a-package-from-flatpakref">Install a package from flatpakref</h3>
<p>This is optional and rare too. But sometime, you will get a <code>.flatpakref</code> file for an application. This is <strong>NOT an offline installation</strong>. The .flatpakref has the necessary details about where to get the packages.</p>
<p>To install from such a file, open a terminal and run:</p>
<pre><code>flatpak install &lt;path-to-flatpakref file&gt;</code></pre>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/install-flatpak-ref.svg" alt="Install and Use Flatpak on Ubuntu" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="386"><figcaption><span>Install Flatpakref</span></figcaption></figure>
<h3 id="run-a-flatpak-application-from-the-terminal">Run a Flatpak application from the terminal</h3>
<p>Again, something you won&apos;t be doing it often. Mostly, you&apos;ll search for the installing application in the system menu and run the application from there.</p>
<p>However, you can also run them from the terminal using:</p>
<pre><code>flatpak run &lt;package-name&gt;</code></pre>
<h3 id="list-installed-flatpak-packages">List installed Flatpak packages</h3>
<p>Want to see which Flatpak applications are installed on your system? List them like this:</p>
<pre><code>flatpak list</code></pre>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/flatpak-list.svg" alt="Install and Use Flatpak on Ubuntu" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="386"><figcaption><span>List Installed Packages</span></figcaption></figure>
<h3 id="uninstall-a-flatpak-package">Uninstall a Flatpak package</h3>
<p>You can remove an installed Flatpak package in the following manner:</p>
<pre><code>flatpak uninstall &lt;package-name&gt;</code></pre>
<p>If you want to <strong>clear the leftover packages and runtimes, that are no longer needed</strong>, use:</p>
<pre><code>flatpak uninstall --unused</code></pre>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/flatpak-uninstall-package-with-removal-of-unused.svg" alt="Install and Use Flatpak on Ubuntu" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="386"><figcaption><span>Remove a package</span></figcaption></figure>
<p>It may help you <a href="https://itsfoss.com/free-up-space-ubuntu-linux/">save some disk space on Ubuntu</a>.</p>
<h2 id="flatpak-commands-summary">Flatpak commands summary</h2>
<p>Here&apos;s a quick summary of the commands you learned above:</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Usage</th>
<th>Command</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Search for Packages</td>
<td>flatpak search <package-name></package-name></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Install a Package</td>
<td>flatpak install <package-name></package-name></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>List Installed Package</td>
<td>flatpak list</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Install from flatpakref</td>
<td>flatpak install &lt;package-name.flatpakref&gt;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uninstall a Package</td>
<td>flatpak uninstall <package-name></package-name></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uninstall Unused runtimes and packages</td>
<td>flatpak uninstall --unused</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

<h2 id="using-flathub-to-explore-flatpak-packages">Using Flathub to explore Flatpak packages</h2>
<p>I understand that searching for Flatpak packages through the command line is not the best experience and that&apos;s where the <a href="https://flathub.org/en-GB?ref=itsfoss.com">Flathub website</a> comes into picture.</p>
<p>You can browse the Flatpak application on Flathub, which provides additional details like verified publishers, total number of downloads etc.</p>
<p>You&apos;ll also get the commands you need to use for installing the applications at the bottom of the application page.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-gallery-card kg-width-wide kg-card-hascaption"><div class="kg-gallery-container"><div class="kg-gallery-row"><div class="kg-gallery-image"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/Flathub-apps-page-2.png" width="1438" height="916" loading="lazy" alt="Install and Use Flatpak on Ubuntu" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/Flathub-apps-page-2.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/Flathub-apps-page-2.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/Flathub-apps-page-2.png 1438w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></div><div class="kg-gallery-image"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/application-details-in-flathub-website-2.png" width="1436" height="884" loading="lazy" alt="Install and Use Flatpak on Ubuntu" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/application-details-in-flathub-website-2.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/application-details-in-flathub-website-2.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/application-details-in-flathub-website-2.png 1436w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></div></div></div><figcaption><p><span>Application Details in Flathub Official Website</span></p></figcaption></figure>
<h2 id="bonus-use-software-center-with-flatpak-package-support">Bonus: Use Software Center with Flatpak package support</h2>
<p>You can add the Flatpak packages to the GNOME Software Center application and use it for installing packages graphically.</p>
<p>There is a dedicated plugin to add Flatpak to GNOME Software Center.</p>
<div class="kg-card kg-callout-card kg-callout-card-red"><div class="kg-callout-emoji">&#x1F6A7;</div><div class="kg-callout-text"><p><span>Since Ubuntu 20.04, the default software center in Ubuntu is Snap Store and it does not support flatpak integration. So, installing the below package will result in two software centers simultaneously: one Snap and another DEB.</span></p></div></div>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/two-software-centers-in-Ubuntu.png" alt="Install and Use Flatpak on Ubuntu" loading="lazy" width="1472" height="348" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/two-software-centers-in-Ubuntu.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/two-software-centers-in-Ubuntu.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/two-software-centers-in-Ubuntu.png 1472w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"><figcaption><span>Two Software Center in Ubuntu</span></figcaption></figure>
<pre><code>sudo apt install gnome-software-plugin-flatpak</code></pre>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/install-gnome-flatpak-plugin.svg" alt="Install and Use Flatpak on Ubuntu" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="386"><figcaption><span>Install GNOME Plugin</span></figcaption></figure>
<h2 id="conclusion">Conclusion</h2>
<p>You learned plenty of things here. You learned to enable Flatpak support in Ubuntu and manage Flatpak packages through the command line. You also learned about the integration with the Software Center.</p>
<p>I hope you feel a bit more comfortable with Flatpaks now. Since you discovered one of the three universal packages, how about <a href="https://itsfoss.com/use-appimage-linux/">learning about Appimages</a>?</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/use-appimage-linux/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">How to Use AppImage in Linux [Complete Guide]</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">What is AppImage? How to run it? How does it work? Here&#x2019;s the complete guide about using AppImage in Linux.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="Install and Use Flatpak on Ubuntu"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">Abhishek Prakash</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">It&apos;s FOSS</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2017/07/use-appimage-linux.png" alt="Install and Use Flatpak on Ubuntu"></div></a></figure>
<p><em>Let me know if you have questions or if you face any issues.</em></p>


link: https://itsfoss.com/cd-command/
encoded_syndication_url: aHR0cHM6Ly9pdHNmb3NzLmNvbS9mZWVk
read: False
type: Rss
title: Using cd Command in Linux
categories: Linux Commands
description:
Learn about using one of the basic but essential Linux commands that is used for switching directories.

content:
<img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cd-command.png" alt="Using cd Command in Linux"><p>The cd command in Linux is used for changing directories. cd is actually short for change directories.</p>
<p>It&apos;s one of the <a href="https://itsfoss.com/essential-ubuntu-commands/">essential Linux commands</a> that you must know. </p>
<p>Using the cd command is quite simple:</p>
<pre><code>cd path_to_directory</code></pre>
<p>It cannot go any simple than this, can it?</p>
<p>However, it&apos;s the path part that you should understand to easily travel through the <a href="https://linuxhandbook.com/linux-directory-structure/?ref=itsfoss.com">filesystem</a> without getting confused.</p>
<p>Here&apos;s a quick recall of absolute and relative paths.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2021/04/absolute-vs-relative-path-linux.png" alt="Using cd Command in Linux" loading="lazy"></figure>
<p>And if you need more details, I recommend reading this article.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://linuxhandbook.com/absolute-vs-relative-path/?ref=itsfoss.com"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Absolute vs Relative Path in Linux: What&#x2019;s the Difference?</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">In this essential Linux learning chapter, know about the relative and absolute paths in Linux. What&#x2019;s the difference between them and which one should you use.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2021/08/Linux-Handbook-New-Logo.png" alt="Using cd Command in Linux"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">Abhishek Prakash</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Linux Handbook</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2021/04/absolute-relative-path-linux.png" alt="Using cd Command in Linux"></div></a></figure>
<p>Let&apos;s see some examples of using the cd command.</p>
<h2 id="use-absolute-path-to-change-the-directory">Use absolute path to change the directory</h2>
<p>It will be easier to understand visually. Look at the image below.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/absolute-path-cd-1.png" alt="Using cd Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="800" height="500" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/absolute-path-cd-1.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/absolute-path-cd-1.png 800w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"><figcaption><span>Absolute path travel to the python directory</span></figcaption></figure>
<p>My current location is my home directory (<code>/home/abhishek</code>) and I have to go to the <code>python</code> directory inside the <code>scripts</code> directory.</p>
<p>Let&apos;s say I want to use the absolute path. The absolute path to the pyth<code>/home/abhishek/scripts/python</code>.</p>
<pre><code>cd /home/abhishek/scripts/python</code></pre>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cd-absolute-path.png" alt="Using cd Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="1644" height="698" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/cd-absolute-path.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/cd-absolute-path.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1600/2023/06/cd-absolute-path.png 1600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cd-absolute-path.png 1644w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure>
<h2 id="use-relative-path-to-change-directories">Use relative path to change directories</h2>
<p>Let&apos;s take the same example but this time, I&apos;ll take the relative path.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/absolute-path-cd-2.png" alt="Using cd Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="800" height="500" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/absolute-path-cd-2.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/absolute-path-cd-2.png 800w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure>
<p>The relative path to the <code>python</code> directory from my home directory is <code>scripts/python</code>. Let&apos;s use this:</p>
<pre><code>cd scripts/python</code></pre>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cd-relative-path.png" alt="Using cd Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="1644" height="698" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/cd-relative-path.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/cd-relative-path.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1600/2023/06/cd-relative-path.png 1600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cd-relative-path.png 1644w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure>
<h2 id="go-up-the-directory">Go up the directory</h2>
<p>So far, you are going down the &apos;flow&apos;. What if you have to go up a directory?</p>
<p>Let&apos;s say, you are in <code>/home/abhishek/scripts/python</code> and you have to up a directory to <code>scripts</code>?.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/relative-path-cd.png" alt="Using cd Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="800" height="500" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/relative-path-cd.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/relative-path-cd.png 800w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure>
<p>Using the absolute path is always an option but it is quite lengthy. Instead, you can use the special directory notation <code>..</code>. The double dots (..) mean parent directory or up a directory. Single dot (.) means the current directory.</p>
<pre><code>cd ..</code></pre>
<p>Here&apos;s an example:</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cd-up-directory.png" alt="Using cd Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="1644" height="698" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/cd-up-directory.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/cd-up-directory.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1600/2023/06/cd-up-directory.png 1600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cd-up-directory.png 1644w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure>
<p>You can use the <code>..</code> to travel up the path in the Linux filesystem hierarchy.</p>
<p>Suppose I am in the <code>python</code> directory in the above image and want to go to the <code>code</code> directory. Here&apos;s what I could do:</p>
<pre><code>cd ../../code</code></pre>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/go-up-directory-cd-command.png" alt="Using cd Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="1644" height="698" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/go-up-directory-cd-command.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/go-up-directory-cd-command.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1600/2023/06/go-up-directory-cd-command.png 1600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/go-up-directory-cd-command.png 1644w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure>
<h2 id="go-to-the-home-directory">Go to the home directory</h2>
<p>If you feel lost in all these directory travels and want to go back home, there are so many simple shortcuts.</p>
<p>In fact, the simplest of them is to use the cd command without any option.</p>
<pre><code>cd</code></pre>
<p>That will take you back to your home directory from anywhere on the filesystem.</p>
<p>Alternatively, you can use the <code>~</code> notation which means home directory.</p>
<pre><code>cd ~</code></pre>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cd-go-back-home.png" alt="Using cd Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="1644" height="664" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/cd-go-back-home.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/cd-go-back-home.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1600/2023/06/cd-go-back-home.png 1600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cd-go-back-home.png 1644w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure>
<h2 id="go-to-the-root-directory">Go to the root directory</h2>
<p>Though you won&apos;t use it as often as the previous one, it is still good to know.</p>
<p>If you want to go back to the root directory from where the filesystem begins, use this:</p>
<pre><code>cd /</code></pre>
<p>There is no &apos;magic&apos; involved here. <code>/</code> denotes root when used at the beginning of a path. Don&apos;t confuse it with path separators.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2021/04/path-linux.png" alt="Using cd Command in Linux" loading="lazy"></figure>
<h2 id="switch-back-to-the-previous-directory">Switch back to the previous directory</h2>
<p>This is a lifesaver or should I say timesaver. When you are deep inside a directory structure and then go to another directory and then you feel the need to go back to the previous location, this shortcut helps.</p>
<pre><code>cd -</code></pre>
<p>Not clear yet? Let me show an example.</p>
<p>I am in the location <code>/etc/apt/sources.list.d</code>. From here, I go to <code>/home/abhishek/scripts/python</code> to work on my code. And then I realized that I have to check something again in <code>/etc/apt/sources.list.d</code> directory.</p>
<p>The usual approach would be to do this which makes me type all the path again:</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cd-previous-directory.png" alt="Using cd Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="1866" height="768" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/cd-previous-directory.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/cd-previous-directory.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1600/2023/06/cd-previous-directory.png 1600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cd-previous-directory.png 1866w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure>
<p>But the smart approach is to use this:</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/use-cd-shortcut-to-previous-directory-1.png" alt="Using cd Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="1866" height="768" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/use-cd-shortcut-to-previous-directory-1.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/use-cd-shortcut-to-previous-directory-1.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1600/2023/06/use-cd-shortcut-to-previous-directory-1.png 1600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/use-cd-shortcut-to-previous-directory-1.png 1866w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure>
<p>See, no need to type the lengthy path again. Works wonder!</p>
<h2 id="%F0%9F%8F%8B%EF%B8%8F-exercise-time">&#x1F3CB;&#xFE0F; Exercise time</h2>
<p>If you want to practice the cd command, here&apos;s a little practice exercise for you.</p>
<ul><li>Open a terminal and go to the <code>/var/log</code> directory. <a href="https://itsfoss.com/list-directory-content/">Check the directory contents</a>. What do you see?</li><li>Now, go to <code>/var</code> directory. This is up a directory.</li><li>From here, go back to your home directory. </li></ul>
<p>And that&apos;s good enough content for you to get familiar with the cd command. Here are some other important commands you should know about.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/essential-ubuntu-commands/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">31 Basic Yet Essential Ubuntu Commands</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">An extensive list of essential Linux commands that every Ubuntu user will find helpful in their Linux journey.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="Using cd Command in Linux"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">Abhishek Prakash</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">It&apos;s FOSS</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2022/11/must-know-linux-commands-for-ubuntu-user.png" alt="Using cd Command in Linux"></div></a></figure>
<p>Let me know if you have questions or suggestions.</p>


link: https://itsfoss.com/bash-use-variables/
encoded_syndication_url: aHR0cHM6Ly9pdHNmb3NzLmNvbS9mZWVk
read: False
type: Rss
title: Bash Basics Series #2: Using Variables in Bash
description: In this chapter of the Bash Basics series, learn about using variables in Bash scripts.
categories: Bash Basics
content:
<img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/variables-in-bash.png" alt="Bash Basics Series #2: Using Variables in Bash"><p>In the first part of the Bash Basics Series, I briefly mentioned variables. It is time to take a detailed look at them in this chapter.</p>
<p>If you have ever done any kind of coding, you must be familiar with the term &apos;variable&apos;. </p>
<p>If not, think of a variable as a box that holds up information, and this information can be changed over time.</p>
<p>Let&apos;s see about using them.</p>
<h2 id="using-variables-in-bash-shell">Using variables in Bash shell</h2>
<p>Open a terminal and use initialize a variable with a random number 4:</p>
<pre><code>var=4</code></pre>
<p>So now you have a variable named <code>var</code> and its value is <code>4</code>. Want to verify it? <strong>Access the value of a variable by adding $ before the variable name</strong>. It&apos;s called parameter expansion.</p>
<pre><code>abhishek@itsfoss:~$ echo The value of var is $var
The value of var is 4</code></pre>
<div class="kg-card kg-callout-card kg-callout-card-red"><div class="kg-callout-emoji">&#x1F6A7;</div><div class="kg-callout-text"><p><span>There must NOT be a space before or after </span><code><span>=</span></code><span> during variable initialization.</span></p></div></div>
<p>If you want, you can change the value to something else:</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/Using-variables-in-shell.png" alt="Bash Basics Series #2: Using Variables in Bash" loading="lazy" width="1592" height="740" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/Using-variables-in-shell.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/Using-variables-in-shell.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/Using-variables-in-shell.png 1592w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure>
<p>In Bash shell, a variable can be a number, character, or string (of characters including spaces).</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/bash-variables-types.png" alt="Bash Basics Series #2: Using Variables in Bash" loading="lazy" width="1826" height="680" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/bash-variables-types.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/bash-variables-types.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1600/2023/06/bash-variables-types.png 1600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/bash-variables-types.png 1826w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure>
<div class="kg-card kg-callout-card kg-callout-card-green"><div class="kg-callout-emoji">&#x1F4A1;</div><div class="kg-callout-text"><p><span>Like other things in Linux, the variable names are also case-sensitive. They can consist of letters, numbers and the underscore &quot;_&quot;.</span></p></div></div>
<h2 id="using-variables-in-bash-scripts">Using variables in Bash scripts</h2>
<p>Did you notice that I didn&apos;t run a shell script to show the variable examples? You can do a lot of things in the shell directly. When you close the terminal, those variables you created will no longer exist.</p>
<p>However, your distro usually adds global variables so that they can be accessed across all of your scripts and shells.</p>
<p>Let&apos;s write some scripts again. You should have the script directory created earlier but this command will take care of that in either case:</p>
<pre><code>mkdir -p bash_scripts &amp;&amp; cd bash_scripts</code></pre>
<p>Basically, it will create <code>bash_scripts</code> directory if it doesn&apos;t exist already and then switch to that directory.</p>
<p>Here. let&apos;s create a new script named <code>knock.sh</code> with the following text.</p>
<pre><code>#!/bin/bash

echo knock, knock
echo &quot;Who&apos;s there?&quot;
echo &quot;It&apos;s me, $USER&quot;</code></pre>
<p>Change the file permission and run the script. You learned it in the previous chapter.</p>
<p>Here&apos;s what it produced for me:</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/using-global-variable-bash-script.png" alt="Bash Basics Series #2: Using Variables in Bash" loading="lazy" width="1826" height="680" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/using-global-variable-bash-script.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/using-global-variable-bash-script.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1600/2023/06/using-global-variable-bash-script.png 1600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/using-global-variable-bash-script.png 1826w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure>
<p><strong>Did you notice how it added my name to it automatically?</strong> That&apos;s the magic of the global variable $USER that contains the username.</p>
<p>You may also notice that I used the &quot; sometimes with echo but not other times. That was deliberate. <a href="https://linuxhandbook.com/quotes-in-bash/?ref=itsfoss.com">Quotes in bash</a> have special meanings. They can be used to handle white spaces and other special characters. Let me show an example.</p>
<h2 id="handling-spaces-in-variables">Handling spaces in variables</h2>
<p>Let&apos;s say you have to use a variable called <code>greetings</code> that has the value <code>hello and welcome</code>.</p>
<p>If you try initializing the variable like this:</p>
<pre><code>greetings=Hello and Welcome</code></pre>
<p>You&apos;ll get an error like this:</p>
<pre><code>Command &apos;and&apos; not found, but can be installed with:
sudo apt install and</code></pre>
<p>This is why you need to use either single quotes or double quotes:</p>
<pre><code>greetings=&quot;Hello and Welcome&quot;</code></pre>
<p>And now you can use this variable as you want.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/using-spaces-in-bash-variable.png" alt="Bash Basics Series #2: Using Variables in Bash" loading="lazy" width="1826" height="750" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/using-spaces-in-bash-variable.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/using-spaces-in-bash-variable.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1600/2023/06/using-spaces-in-bash-variable.png 1600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/using-spaces-in-bash-variable.png 1826w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure>
<h2 id="assign-the-command-output-to-a-variable">Assign the command output to a variable</h2>
<p>Yes! You can store the output of a command in a variable and use them in your script. It&apos;s called command substitution.</p>
<pre><code>var=$(command)</code></pre>
<p>Here&apos;s an example:</p>
<pre><code>abhishek@itsfoss:~$ today=$(date +%D)
abhishek@itsfoss:~$ echo &quot;Today&apos;s date is $today&quot;
Today&apos;s date is 06/19/23
abhishek@itsfoss:~$ 
</code></pre>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/command-substitue-bash-variable.png" alt="Bash Basics Series #2: Using Variables in Bash" loading="lazy" width="1826" height="644" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/command-substitue-bash-variable.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/command-substitue-bash-variable.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1600/2023/06/command-substitue-bash-variable.png 1600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/command-substitue-bash-variable.png 1826w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure>
<p>The older syntax used backticks instead of $() for the command substitution. While it may still work, you should use the new, recommended notation.</p>
<div class="kg-card kg-callout-card kg-callout-card-green"><div class="kg-callout-emoji">&#x1F4A1;</div><div class="kg-callout-text"><p><span>Variables change the value unless you declare a &apos;constant&apos; variable like this: </span><code><span>readonly pi=3.14</span></code><span>. In this case, the value of variable </span><code><span>pi</span></code><span> cannot be changed because it was declared </span><code><span>readonly</span></code><span>.</span></p></div></div>
<h2 id="%F0%9F%8F%8B%EF%B8%8F-exercise-time">&#x1F3CB;&#xFE0F; Exercise time</h2>
<p>Time to practice what you learned. Here are some exercise to test your learning.</p>
<p><strong>Exercise 1</strong>: Write a bash script that prints your username, present working directory, home directory and default shell in the following format.</p>
<pre><code>Hello, there
My name is XYZ
My current location is XYZ
My home directory is XYZ
My default shell is XYZ</code></pre>
<p><strong>Hint</strong>: Use global variables $USER, $PWD, $HOME and $SHELL.</p>
<p><strong>Exercise 2: </strong>Write a bash script that declares a variable named <code>price</code>. Use it to get the output in the following format:</p>
<pre><code>Today&apos;s price is $X
Tomorrow&apos;s price is $Y</code></pre>
<p>Where X is the initial value of the variable <code>price</code> and it is doubled for tomorrow&apos;s prices.</p>
<p><strong>Hint</strong>: Use / to escape the special character $.</p>
<p>The answers to the exercises can be discussed in this dedicated thread in the community.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.community/t/practice-exercise-in-bash-basics-series-2-using-variables-in-bash/10742?ref=itsfoss.com"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Practice Exercise in Bash Basics Series #2: Using Variables in Bash</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">If you are following the Bash Basics series on It&#x2019;s FOSS, you can submit and discuss the answers to the exercise at the end of the chapter: Fellow experienced members are encouraged to provide their feedback to new members. Do note that there could be more than one answer to a given problem.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.community/uploads/default/optimized/1X/f274f9749e3fd8b4d6fbae1cf90c5c186d2f699c_2_180x180.png" alt="Bash Basics Series #2: Using Variables in Bash"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">abhishek</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">It&apos;s FOSS Community</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.community/uploads/default/original/1X/f274f9749e3fd8b4d6fbae1cf90c5c186d2f699c.png" alt="Bash Basics Series #2: Using Variables in Bash"></div></a></figure>
<p>In the next chapter of the Bash Basics Series, you&apos;ll see how to make the bash scripts interactive by passing arguments and accepting user inputs.</p>


link: https://itsfoss.com/open-source-email-servers/
encoded_syndication_url: aHR0cHM6Ly9pdHNmb3NzLmNvbS9mZWVk
read: False
type: Rss
title: Best Open Source Email Servers
description: Here's a list of open-source mail servers that you can use to send/receive emails and store mail.
categories: Software Recommendation
content:
<img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/opensource-email-servers.png" alt="Best Open Source Email Servers"><p>It is convenient to use email services like Gmail, Proton Mail, and Outlook to send and receive emails, no matter what <a href="https://itsfoss.com/best-email-clients-linux/">email client</a> you use.</p><p>And, for all of that, you utilize their mail servers for email transactions. So, your emails&apos; security, reliability, and privacy depend on someone else.</p><p>But what if you want to own your email infrastructure and have the data in your control? You need an open-source email server, which should solve your problem.</p><p>If you are still curious, an email server lets you:</p><ul><li><strong>Build your mail backend to store email accounts</strong></li><li><strong>Take control of the security and reliability by self-hosting</strong></li><li><strong>Host on your preferred server architecture</strong></li><li><strong>It gives you the ability to make unlimited accounts</strong></li></ul><p>Of course, this is not for the end users. Sysadmins in small to midscale businesses, self hosters will find these software interesting.</p><p>Considering now you have an idea of the benefits of an open-source email server, here are some of the best options that you can find:</p><div class="kg-card kg-callout-card kg-callout-card-blue"><div class="kg-callout-emoji">&#x1F4CB;</div><div class="kg-callout-text">The list includes mail servers and some solutions that make it possible to build/create an email server. Some might offer managed services and others can be self-hosted.</div></div><h2 id="1-postal">1. Postal </h2><figure class="kg-card kg-embed-card"><iframe width="200" height="113" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/d1Lzw_Q_fJQ?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen title="Installing Postal and a quick tour"></iframe></figure><p><a href="https://github.com/postalserver/postal?ref=itsfoss.com">Postal</a> is a feature-rich mail server that can be utilized by websites and servers. It is <strong>tailored for outgoing emails</strong> with no mailbox management features.</p><p>The <a href="https://docs.postalserver.io/?ref=itsfoss.com">documentation</a> is helpful to get started with all the essentials. You can utilize a docker and configure Postal on your server. </p><p>With Postal, you can create mail servers/users for multiple organizations, access outgoing/incoming message queue, real-time delivery information, and built-in features to ensure emails get delivered.</p><p><strong>Key Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li>Real-time delivery information</li><li>Click and open the tracking</li><li>Tailored for outgoing emails</li></ul><div class="kg-card kg-callout-card kg-callout-card-red"><div class="kg-callout-emoji">&#x1F6A7;</div><div class="kg-callout-text">Maintaining and configuring your email server is not an easy task. You should only proceed with setting up a mail server if you know all it takes to send/receive emails reliably.</div></div><h2 id="2-mailcow">2. mailcow</h2><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/mailcow-ui.jpg" class="kg-image" alt="Best Open Source Email Servers" loading="lazy" width="1496" height="862" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/mailcow-ui.jpg 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/mailcow-ui.jpg 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/mailcow-ui.jpg 1496w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p><a href="https://mailcow.email/?ref=itsfoss.com">mailcow</a> is a mail server suite with tools that help you build a web server, manage your mailbox, and more.</p><p>If you are not looking to send transactional emails, mailcow has your back. You can consider it as a groupware.</p><p>Like other mail servers, it works with Docker, where each container represents an application, all connected.</p><p>mailcow&apos;s web interface lets you do everything from a single place. You can explore more about the project on its <a href="https://github.com/mailcow/mailcow-dockerized?ref=itsfoss.com">GitHub page</a> or <a href="https://docs.mailcow.email/?ref=itsfoss.com">documentation</a>.</p><p><strong>Key Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li>Easy to manage and update</li><li>Affordable paid support</li><li>Can be coupled with other mail servers if needed</li></ul><p><strong>Suggested Read &#x1F4D6;</strong></p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://linuxhandbook.com/smtp-services/?ref=itsfoss.com"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">10 Free &amp; Paid SMTP Services For Transactional and Bulk Emails</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Here are some of the most popular SMTP relay services with their plans for your web app notifications.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2021/08/Linux-Handbook-New-Logo.png" alt="Best Open Source Email Servers"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">Linux Handbook</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Avimanyu Bandyopadhyay</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2021/04/smtp-services.jpg" alt="Best Open Source Email Servers"></div></a></figure><h2 id="3-cuttlefish">3. Cuttlefish</h2><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cuttlefish-ui.png" class="kg-image" alt="Best Open Source Email Servers" loading="lazy" width="683" height="516" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/cuttlefish-ui.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cuttlefish-ui.png 683w"></figure><p>Want a simple transactional email server? <a href="https://cuttlefish.io/?ref=itsfoss.com">Cuttlefish</a> is a no-nonsense open-source mail server that is incredibly easy to use.</p><p>You get a simple web UI to check the stats and keep an eye on your outgoing emails.</p><p>Compared to some full-fledged email services like Sendgird or Mailgun, Cuttlefish does not offer all kinds of features, <strong>considering it is in beta</strong> at the time. You can only opt for it if you need something super simple and you want to work reliably.</p><p>Explore more about it on its <a href="https://github.com/mlandauer/cuttlefish?ref=itsfoss.com">GitHub page</a>.</p><p><strong>Key Highlights </strong></p><ul><li>Simple transactional email server</li><li>Easy to use</li></ul><h2 id="4-apache-james">4. Apache James</h2><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/james.jpg" class="kg-image" alt="Best Open Source Email Servers" loading="lazy" width="885" height="385" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/james.jpg 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/james.jpg 885w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p><a href="https://james.apache.org/?ref=itsfoss.com">James</a> is short for <strong>Java Apache Mail Enterprise Server</strong>.</p><p>As the name suggests, it is an enterprise-focused open source mail server built with Java. You can use the email server as SMTP relay or an IMAP server, as per requirements.</p><p>Compared to others, James may not be the easiest to configure or install. However, you can look at its <a href="https://james.apache.org/server/install.html?ref=itsfoss.com">documentation</a> or <a href="https://github.com/apache/james-project?ref=itsfoss.com">GitHub page</a> to judge for yourself. </p><p><strong>Key Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li>Easy administration after setup</li><li>Reliable and used by open-source enterprises</li><li>Distributed server</li></ul><h2 id="5-haraka">5. Haraka</h2><p><a href="https://haraka.github.io/?ref=itsfoss.com">Haraka</a> is a modern open source SMTP server built with Node.js. If you can build it for your business/website, you do not need to look for other <a href="https://linuxhandbook.com/smtp-services/?ref=itsfoss.com">SMTP services</a>.</p><p>The mail server is tailored to provide the best performance. One of the highlights of Haraka is that it features a modular plugin system that will allow programmers to change the server&apos;s behavior to their heart&apos;s extent.</p><p>You can consider it an excellent scalable outbound mail delivery server. Some popular names like Craigslist and DuckDuckGo Email Protection make use of Haraka.</p><p>Explore more about it on its <a href="https://github.com/haraka/Haraka?ref=itsfoss.com">GitHub page</a>.</p><p><strong>Key Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li>Built using Node.js</li><li>Plugin system to extend functionalities</li></ul><h2 id="6-modoboa">6. Modoboa</h2><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/modoboa.jpg" class="kg-image" alt="Best Open Source Email Servers" loading="lazy" width="1184" height="688" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/modoboa.jpg 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/modoboa.jpg 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/modoboa.jpg 1184w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p><a href="https://modoboa.org/en/?ref=itsfoss.com">Modoboa</a> is an all-in-one open-source solution.</p><p>It can help you build a mail server and give you the ability to manage your emails. You can create calendars, add unlimited domains, create filtering rules, and access webmail. Modoboa also provides paid maintenance options if you want their professional help setting it up and managing it.</p><p>Not just an all-rounder solution, but it offers a quick way to get started with your email infrastructure.</p><p><strong>Key Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li>All-in-one option</li><li>Paid assistance available</li><li>Built-in monitoring</li></ul><h2 id="7-postfix">7. Postfix</h2><p>Postfix is a Mail Transfer Agent. It may not be a server on its own, but it couples with some other solutions that help you build an email server. </p><p>While mailcow includes <a href="https://www.postfix.org/?ref=itsfoss.com">Postfix</a> (and you can configure it along with similar solutions), you can choose to use it separately per your use case. Postfix is also the default Mail Transfer Agent in the Ubuntu server.</p><p>Postfix can be used as an external SMTP. Not to forget, you can also set up Postfix to <a href="https://www.linode.com/docs/guides/configure-postfix-to-send-mail-using-gmail-and-google-workspace-on-debian-or-ubuntu/?ref=itsfoss.com">work with Gmail</a>. It is easy to configure, and the documentation available for it is plenty useful.</p><p><strong>Key Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li>Easy to configure</li><li>Flexible</li></ul><p><strong>Suggested Read &#x1F4D6;</strong></p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/secure-private-email-services/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Best Secure Email Services For Privacy Concerned People</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Can you call Gmail, Outlook, YahooMail etc secure email services? Well, they&#x2019;re definitely secure in the way that your data is (usually) safe from outside attackers. But when we talk of secure email service, the focus is on data security and privacy. Most of these free email services snoop</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="Best Open Source Email Servers"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Ankush Das</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2019/08/secure-email-services.png" alt="Best Open Source Email Servers"></div></a></figure><h2 id="8-maddy">8. Maddy</h2><p><a href="https://maddy.email/?ref=itsfoss.com">Maddy</a> is a great choice if you need a lightweight mail server implementation. The official description says it is a &quot;<em>Composable all-in-one mail server</em>&quot;.</p><p>When you compare Maddy with mailcow, you will find that it offers some of the features you get with mailcow, meaning it is not just limited to outgoing emails like others.</p><p>Maddy is popular for its use case, where it can replace multiple options like Postfix with a single implementation. You can send/receive, and store messages with Maddy via SMTP and IMAP. The storage feature is in beta at the time of writing the article.</p><p><strong>Key Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li>Lightweight</li><li>Replaces multiple use-cases that you get with options like Postfix</li><li>No dependency on Docker</li></ul><h2 id="9-dovecot">9. Dovecot</h2><p><a href="https://www.dovecot.org/?ref=itsfoss.com">Dovecot</a> is an open-source IMAP server that works as a Mail Delivery Agent. It can work together with Postfix as both do different things.</p><p>Compared to other solutions, it offers easy administration, reliable email-sending capabilities, and self-healing powers.</p><p>Dovecot offers a premium offering for large infrastructure with professional support.</p><p><strong>Key Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li>Easy Administration</li><li>Self-healing capabilities</li><li>Performance-focused</li></ul><h2 id="10-posteio">10. Poste.io</h2><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/poste-mailserver.png" class="kg-image" alt="Best Open Source Email Servers" loading="lazy" width="1200" height="691" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/poste-mailserver.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/poste-mailserver.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/poste-mailserver.png 1200w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p><a href="https://poste.io/?ref=itsfoss.com">Poste.io</a> utilizes mail server solutions like Haraku, Dovecot, and other open-source components. Ranging from tools for spam filtering to an antivirus engine.</p><p>If you want to set up an open-source mail server using some of these components and be able to manage and secure things easily, Poste.io is an excellent choice.</p><p><strong>Key Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li>Easy to manage and build using multiple open-source mail server components</li><li>Admin panel interface</li></ul><h2 id="11-iredmail">11. iRedMail</h2><p><a href="https://www.iredmail.org/?ref=itsfoss.com">iRedMail</a> is similar to mailcow which helps you build a mail server utilizing various open-source components. You can also manage your calendars with the mail server created.</p><p>While you can set it up for yourself, it provides paid professional support if you need it.</p><p>You get a web panel, Linux distro support to host it on, and the ability to create unlimited accounts.</p><p><strong>Key Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li>Easy to use</li><li>Web panel for easy management</li></ul><h2 id="12-mailu">12. Mailu</h2><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/mailu.png" class="kg-image" alt="Best Open Source Email Servers" loading="lazy" width="1126" height="284" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/mailu.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/mailu.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/mailu.png 1126w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p><a href="https://mailu.io/2.0/?ref=itsfoss.com">Mailu</a> is a Docker-based mail server that gives you the best of everything while limiting some features.</p><p>That does not mean it is bad; Mailu aims to focus on the necessary features without adding many capabilities that are not useful for most. Even with this objective, it stands out by adding ARM support, Kubernetes support, and a couple more things.</p><p>You get a standard mail server, advanced email features, a web admin interface, and privacy-focused features.</p><p><strong>Key Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li>Simple interface</li><li>Focused solution without bells and whistles</li><li>ARM support</li></ul><h2 id="ready-to-build-and-manage-your-email-server">Ready to Build and Manage Your Email Server?</h2><p>With open-source tools and email servers, you can take control of your data and manage/optimize email transactions for your business or website.</p><p>As I mentioned, it takes a lot of work to do it. So, open-source self-hostable email servers can work if you want to have a customized experience and have a team that can be responsible for it.</p><p>&#x1F4AC; <em>I am sure there are many more options, like </em><a href="https://mailinabox.email/?ref=itsfoss.com"><em>mail in a box</em></a><em>, to help you deploy a mail server quickly.</em></p><p><em>Here, we tried to pick the best ones for your convenience. What is your favorite open-source email server?</em></p>


link: https://itsfoss.com/newsletter/foss-weekly-23-24/
encoded_syndication_url: aHR0cHM6Ly9pdHNmb3NzLmNvbS9mZWVk
read: False
type: Rss
title: FOSS Weekly #23.24: Free Book, Debian 12 Release, New Bash Series [Anniversary Special]
description: It's FOSS is 11 years old now. Get a free Bash book to celebrate the occasion.
categories: Newsletter
content:
<img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/foss-weekly-23-24.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.24: Free Book, Debian 12 Release, New Bash Series [Anniversary Special]"><p>It&apos;s FOSS turns 11 &#x1F382;</p><p>Yes! It&apos;s been more than a decade of educating and promoting Linux. Seems so unreal &#x1F929;</p><p>I am giving away Bash it Out, an ebook of Bash puzzles, to celebrate this occasion.</p><p>Don&apos;t know Bash scripting? No worries. You can start learning it with our latest Bash Basics series.</p><p><strong><em>You could also <a href="https://itsfoss.com/11th-anniversary-offer">opt for Pro Subscription</a> on this occasion and get an 11% discount and two additional ebooks: <a href="https://linuxhandbook.gumroad.com/l/mEsrwA?ref=itsfoss.com">Learn Linux Quickly</a> and <a href="https://linuxhandbook.gumroad.com/l/ejfGu?ref=itsfoss.com">Learn Bash Quickly</a>.</em></strong></p><p>Pro members can download the books <a href="https://itsfoss.com/pro-resources/">from this page</a>.</p><p><strong>&#x1F4AC; Let&apos;s see what else you have in this edition of FOSS Weekly:</strong></p><ul><li>The new Bash Basics series begins.</li><li>Linus Torvalds was in the news for his comments yet again.</li><li>Debian 12 was released recently with many improvements.</li><li><a href="https://itsfoss.com/11th-anniversary-offer">11% celebratory discount on It&apos;s FOSS Pro subscription</a> (and two Linux and Bash books)</li><li>And other Linux news, videos, and, of course, memes!</li></ul><hr><h2 id="%F0%9F%93%B0-linux-news">&#x1F4F0; Linux news</h2><p>Linus Torvalds recently reacted sternly to a comment on social.kernel.org.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://news.itsfoss.com/linus-torvalds-woke-communists/?ref=itsfoss.com"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">I am one of those &#x201C;woke communists&#x201D;: Linus Torvalds</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Linus Torvalds, another day, another firm stance, and a mini-rant reply to someone.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/08/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.24: Free Book, Debian 12 Release, New Bash Series [Anniversary Special]"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS News</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Ankush Das</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/torvalds-comment-controversy.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.24: Free Book, Debian 12 Release, New Bash Series [Anniversary Special]"></div></a></figure><p>Debian 12 &apos;Bookworm&apos; has landed with some pretty impressive improvements.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://news.itsfoss.com/debian-12-release/?ref=itsfoss.com"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Debian 12 &#x201C;Bookworm&#x201D; Has Landed</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Debian&#x2019;s next big release is here. Learn more about it.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/08/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.24: Free Book, Debian 12 Release, New Bash Series [Anniversary Special]"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS News</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Ankush Das</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/debian-12-release.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.24: Free Book, Debian 12 Release, New Bash Series [Anniversary Special]"></div></a></figure><hr><h2 id="%F0%9F%A7%A0-what-we%E2%80%99re-thinking-about">&#x1F9E0; What we&#x2019;re thinking about</h2><p>GitHub has been accused of altering its Copilot programming assistant&apos;s output to avoid being flagged as a copy of licensed software.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://www.theregister.com/2023/06/09/github_copilot_lawsuit/?ref=itsfoss.com"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">GitHub accused of varying Copilot output to avoid copyright</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Copilot code-cloning case clarifies claims</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://www.theregister.com/design_picker/13249a2e80709c7ff2e57dd3d49801cd534f2094/graphics/favicons/apple-touch-icon.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.24: Free Book, Debian 12 Release, New Bash Series [Anniversary Special]"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">The Register</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Thomas Claburn</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://regmedia.co.uk/2019/07/20/shutterstock_programmer.jpg" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.24: Free Book, Debian 12 Release, New Bash Series [Anniversary Special]"></div></a></figure><hr><h2 id="%F0%9F%A7%AE-tutorials">&#x1F9EE; Tutorials</h2><p>&#x1F195; As promised, the new Bash tutorial series has started! Here&apos;s the first chapter of the series.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/create-bash-script/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Bash Basics #1: Create and Run Your First Bash Shell Script</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Start learning bash scripting with this new series. Create and run your first bash shell script in the first chapter.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.24: Free Book, Debian 12 Release, New Bash Series [Anniversary Special]"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Abhishek Prakash</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/Bash-script-hello-world.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.24: Free Book, Debian 12 Release, New Bash Series [Anniversary Special]"></div></a></figure><p>The terminal Tuesday continues and covers the head command.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/head-command/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Using head Command in Linux [5 Examples]</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">The head command is one of the several ways to display file contents or part of it. You can also do more with it. Here are some common examples to explore.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.24: Free Book, Debian 12 Release, New Bash Series [Anniversary Special]"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Sagar Sharma</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/head-command-in-linux.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.24: Free Book, Debian 12 Release, New Bash Series [Anniversary Special]"></div></a></figure><p>Learn your way around Fuzzy search for searching through files.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/fuzzy-file-search-linux/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Fuzzy File Search in Linux Command Line</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Modern tools like fzf and fzy take the file search in Linux terminal to the next level.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.24: Free Book, Debian 12 Release, New Bash Series [Anniversary Special]"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Sreenath</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fuzzy-file-search-linux.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.24: Free Book, Debian 12 Release, New Bash Series [Anniversary Special]"></div></a></figure><p>Keyboard shortcuts save time. The shortcuts mentioned here are (mostly) applicable to the GNOME desktop.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-shortcuts/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">13 Keyboard Shortcuts Every Ubuntu User Should Know</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Knowing keyboard shortcuts increase your productivity. Here are some useful Ubuntu shortcut keys that will help you use Ubuntu like a pro. You can use an operating system with the combination of keyboard and mouse&#xA0;but using the keyboard shortcuts saves your time. 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link: https://itsfoss.com/head-command/
encoded_syndication_url: aHR0cHM6Ly9pdHNmb3NzLmNvbS9mZWVk
read: False
type: Rss
title: Using head Command in Linux
categories: Linux Commands
description:
The head command is one of the several ways to display file contents or part of it. You can also do more with it. Here are some common examples to explore.

content:
<img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/head-command-in-linux.png" alt="Using head Command in Linux"><p>The head command is one of the many ways to <a href="https://itsfoss.com/view-file-contents/">view the contents of a file</a> in Linux terminal.</p><p>But that can also be achieved by the cat command too! So why use another command? </p><p>I understand. But if there was no problem with how the cat command works, the head command won&apos;t even exist. So let&apos;s have a look at the problem with cat.</p><p>By default, the cat command prints all the text inside the file. But what if you have a file containing 1000 or more words? Your terminal will look bloated. Isn&apos;t it?</p><p>Whereas the head command can specify the number of lines to print. </p><p>In this guide, I will walk you through how you can use the head command with the help of some practical examples and additional practice exercises to brush up your command-line skills.</p><p><strong>Suggested Read &#x1F4D6;</strong></p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card kg-card-hascaption"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/basic-terminal-tips-ubuntu/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">19 Basic But Essential Linux Terminal Tips You Must Know</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Learn some small, basic but often ignored things about the terminal. With the small tips, you should be able to use the terminal with slightly more efficiency.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="Using head Command in Linux"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Abhishek Prakash</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2021/12/ubuntu-terminal-basic-tips.png" alt="Using head Command in Linux"></div></a><figcaption><em>New to the terminal? Learn the terminology</em></figcaption></figure><h2 id="how-to-use-the-head-command-in-linux">How to use the head command in Linux</h2><p>To use any command in Linux, you will have to use the correct syntax; else, you will get an error. </p><p>So let&apos;s start with the syntax for the head command:</p><pre><code>head [options] [file]</code></pre><p>Here, </p><ul><li><code>options</code> are used to tweak the default behavior of the head command</li><li><code>file</code> is where you give the absolute path or filename of the file</li></ul><p>To make things easy, I will be using a simple text file named <code>Haruki.txt</code> with the following content:</p><pre><code>Hear the Wind Sing (1979)
Pinball, 1973 (1980)
A Wild Sheep Chase (1982)
Hard-Boiled Wonderland and the End of the World (1985)
Norwegian Wood (1987)
Dance Dance Dance (1990)
South of the Border, West of the Sun (1992)
The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle (1994)
Sputnik Sweetheart (1999)
Kafka on the Shore (2002)
After Dark (2004)
1Q84 (2009-2010)
Colorless Tsukuru Tazaki and His Years of Pilgrimage (2013)
Men Without Women (2014)
Killing Commendatore (2017)</code></pre><p>And when you use the head command without any options, it will print the first ten lines of the file:</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/05/use-head-command-in-linux.png" class="kg-image" alt="Using head Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="837" height="349" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/05/use-head-command-in-linux.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/05/use-head-command-in-linux.png 837w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p>As you can see, it skipped the last five lines!</p><div class="kg-card kg-callout-card kg-callout-card-red"><div class="kg-callout-emoji">&#x1F6A7;</div><div class="kg-callout-text">You&#x2019;ll see some command examples with text inside &lt;&gt;. This indicates that you need to replace the content with &lt; and &gt; with a suitable value.</div></div><h2 id="examples-of-the-head-command-in-linux">Examples of the head command in Linux</h2><p>In this section, I will walk you through some practical examples of the head command. So let&apos;s start with the most useful one.</p><h3 id="1-print-only-the-first-n-lines">1. Print only the first N lines</h3><p>So if you want to print first N lines, all you have to do is use the <code>-n</code> flag and append the number of the first N lines you want:</p><pre><code>head -n number-of-lines Filename</code></pre><p>So let&apos;s say I want to print the first five lines of <code>Haruki.txt</code> file, then you type the following:</p><pre><code>head -n 5 Haruki.txt</code></pre><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/Print-only-the-first-N-lines-using-the-head-command-.png" class="kg-image" alt="Using head Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="837" height="239" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/04/Print-only-the-first-N-lines-using-the-head-command-.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/Print-only-the-first-N-lines-using-the-head-command-.png 837w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><h3 id="2-print-everything-except-the-last-n-lines">2. Print everything except the last N lines</h3><p>So if you want to restrict the output by not including the last N lines, all you have to do is use the same <code>-n</code> flag but have to use the negative number (<code>-n</code>):</p><pre><code>head -n -&lt;number-of-lines&gt; &lt;File&gt;</code></pre><p>So let&apos;s say I want to exclude the last three lines and print everything else from the <code>Haruki.txt</code> then the command looks like this:</p><pre><code>head -n -3 Haruki.txt</code></pre><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/exlcude-last-N-lines-and-print-everything-else-using-the-head-command-in-linux.png" class="kg-image" alt="Using head Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="837" height="384" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/04/exlcude-last-N-lines-and-print-everything-else-using-the-head-command-in-linux.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/exlcude-last-N-lines-and-print-everything-else-using-the-head-command-in-linux.png 837w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><h3 id="3-display-the-name-of-the-file-being-used">3. Display the name of the file being used </h3><p>As you can see, the head command won&apos;t print the filename by default, so if you want to enable this behavior, all you have to do is use the <code>-v</code> flag for verbose output:</p><pre><code>head -v &lt;other-options&gt; &lt;File&gt;</code></pre><p>Yes, you can use more than one option at once!</p><p>So here, I printed the first five lines of the <code>Haruki.txt</code> file and enabled the verbose output to display the name of the file:</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/Display-the-name-of-the-file-being-used.png" class="kg-image" alt="Using head Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="837" height="251" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/04/Display-the-name-of-the-file-being-used.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/Display-the-name-of-the-file-being-used.png 837w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><h3 id="4-use-multiple-files-at-once">4. Use multiple files at once</h3><p>So if you want to use the different files, all you have to do is append them one by one, followed by space:</p><pre><code>head &lt;options&gt; &lt;File1&gt; &lt;File2&gt; &lt;File3&gt;</code></pre><p>For example, here, I used two files and printed the first five lines of each:</p><pre><code>head -n 5 Haruki.txt Premchand.txt</code></pre><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/use-multiple-files-in-head-command.png" class="kg-image" alt="Using head Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="837" height="410" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/04/use-multiple-files-in-head-command.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/use-multiple-files-in-head-command.png 837w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p>If you notice, it automatically prints the filename, especially when dealing with multiple files. </p><p>But in cases like <a href="https://linuxhandbook.com/redirect-dev-null/?ref=itsfoss.com">redirecting the essential output</a>, you may want to remove the filename. This can easily be done using the <code>-q</code> flag:</p><pre><code>head -q &lt;other-flags&gt; &lt;File1&gt; &lt;File2&gt; &lt;File3&gt;</code></pre><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/remove-filenames-while-using-multiple-files-with-the-head-command.png" class="kg-image" alt="Using head Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="837" height="340" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/04/remove-filenames-while-using-multiple-files-with-the-head-command.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/remove-filenames-while-using-multiple-files-with-the-head-command.png 837w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><h3 id="5-print-characters-as-per-the-given-number-of-bytes">5. Print characters as per the given number of bytes</h3><p>So if you want to print the lines based on the byte size, you can do that using the <code>-c</code> flag followed by the byte size.</p><p><strong>Remember, for almost every character, one character = 1 byte.</strong></p><p>To do so, you can use the following &#xA0;syntax:</p><pre><code>head -c &lt;byte-size&gt; &lt;File&gt;</code></pre><p>For example, here, I print characters worth 100 bytes:</p><pre><code>head -c 100 Haruki.txt</code></pre><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/Print-characters-as-per-the-given-number-of-bytes.png" class="kg-image" alt="Using head Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="837" height="194" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/04/Print-characters-as-per-the-given-number-of-bytes.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/Print-characters-as-per-the-given-number-of-bytes.png 837w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p>Similarly, if you want to skip the characters from the end of the file by specifying the bytes, all you have to do is use the negative numbers:</p><pre><code>head -c -&lt;byte-size&gt; &lt;File&gt;</code></pre><p>For example, here, I skipped the last characters of the file worth 100 bytes:</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/skip-last-N-characters-on-the-basis-of-the-byte-size-using-the-head-command.png" class="kg-image" alt="Using head Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="837" height="389" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/04/skip-last-N-characters-on-the-basis-of-the-byte-size-using-the-head-command.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/skip-last-N-characters-on-the-basis-of-the-byte-size-using-the-head-command.png 837w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><h2 id="summarizing-the-head-command">Summarizing the head command</h2><p>Here&apos;s the summary of the head command with different options:</p><!--kg-card-begin: html--><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Option</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>-n &lt;number&gt;</code></td>
<td>Specify how many lines to print from the beginning of the file.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>-n -&lt;number&gt;</code></td>
<td>Print everything except the last N lines.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>-v</code></td>
<td>Print the name of the file.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>-q</code></td>
<td>Remove the filename when working with multiple files.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>-c &lt;byte-size&gt;</code></td>
<td>Print characters as per the given number of bytes.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table><!--kg-card-end: html--><h2 id="get-better-with-a-simple-exercise">Get better with a simple exercise </h2><p>To perform the given exercises, you can use text files, and if you don&apos;t have any, you can <a href="https://github.com/itsfoss/text-files?ref=itsfoss.com">use our text files from GitHub</a>.</p><ol><li>Display the first ten lines of the file</li><li>Display everything except the last five lines of a file</li><li>Display the first five lines of multiple files</li></ol><h5 id="for-intermediate-users">For intermediate users:</h5><ol><li>Display the first five lines of multiple files, sorted alphabetically by file name (Hint: pipe to <a href="https://linuxhandbook.com/sort-command/?ref=itsfoss.com">sort command</a>)</li><li>Display the lines from 11 to 16 (Hint: combine it with the <a href="https://itsfoss.com/tail-command/">tail command</a>)</li><li>Count the occurrence of a specific word or character in the first five lines (Hint: pipe to grep with <a href="https://linuxhandbook.com/wc-command/?ref=itsfoss.com">wc command</a>)</li></ol><h2 id="just-getting-started-with-terminal-we-have-a-series-for-you">Just getting started with Terminal? We have a series for you!</h2><p>While the terminal looks scary, you can always <a href="https://itsfoss.com/customize-linux-terminal/">make the terminal look good</a>, but what about the learning curve it takes?</p><p>For new users, we came up with a dedicated series which covers the basic commands so you can <a href="https://itsfoss.com/love-thy-terminal/">embrace the terminal</a>:</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/tag/terminal-basics/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Linux Command Tutorials for Absolute Beginners</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Never used Linux commands before? No worries. This tutorial series is for absolute beginners to the Linux terminal.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="Using head Command in Linux"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/03/terminal-basics-series-tag.png" alt="Using head Command in Linux"></div></a></figure><p>Furthermore, you can discuss the practice questions mentioned above in our community: </p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.community/?ref=itsfoss.com"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">It&#x2019;s FOSS Community</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">A place for desktop Linux users and It&#x2019;s FOSS readers</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.community/uploads/default/optimized/1X/f274f9749e3fd8b4d6fbae1cf90c5c186d2f699c_2_180x180.png" alt="Using head Command in Linux"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS Community</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.community/uploads/default/original/1X/f274f9749e3fd8b4d6fbae1cf90c5c186d2f699c.png" alt="Using head Command in Linux"></div></a></figure><p>I hope you now have a better understanding of the head command. </p><p><em>&#x1F5E8; We&apos;ll be sharing more Linux command examples every week. Stay tuned for more. And if you have questions or suggestions, the comment section is all yours.</em></p>


link: https://itsfoss.com/create-bash-script/
encoded_syndication_url: aHR0cHM6Ly9pdHNmb3NzLmNvbS9mZWVk
read: False
type: Rss
title: Bash Basics Series #1: Create and Run Your First Bash Shell Script
categories: Bash Basics
description:
Start learning bash scripting with this new series. Create and run your first bash shell script in the first chapter.

content:
<img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/Bash-script-hello-world.png" alt="Bash Basics Series #1: Create and Run Your First Bash Shell Script"><p>This is the beginning of a new tutorial series on It&apos;s FOSS. In this one, you&apos;ll get familiar with bash scripting.</p>
<p>The series assumes that you are somewhat familiar with the Linux terminal. You don&apos;t have to be a master, but knowing the basics would be good. I advise going through Terminal Basics Series.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/tag/terminal-basics/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Linux Command Tutorials for Absolute Beginners</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Never used Linux commands before? No worries. This tutorial series is for absolute beginners to the Linux terminal.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="Bash Basics Series #1: Create and Run Your First Bash Shell Script"><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">It&apos;s FOSS</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/03/terminal-basics-series-tag.png" alt="Bash Basics Series #1: Create and Run Your First Bash Shell Script"></div></a></figure>
<p><strong>Who is this series for?</strong></p>
<p>Anyone who wants to start learning bash shell scripting.</p>
<p>If you are a student with shell scripting as part of your course curriculum, this series is for you.</p>
<p>If you are a regular desktop Linux user, this series will help you understand most shell scripts you come across while exploring various software and fixes. You could also use it to automate some common, repetitive tasks.</p>
<p>By the end of this Bash Basics series, you should be able to write simple to moderate bash scripts. </p>
<p>All the chapters in the series have sample exercises so that you can learn it by doing it.</p>
<div class="kg-card kg-callout-card kg-callout-card-red"><div class="kg-callout-emoji">&#x1F6A7;</div><div class="kg-callout-text"><p><span>You&apos;ll learn bash shell scripting here. While there are other shells with mostly the same syntax, their behavior still differs at a few points. Bash is the most common and universal shell and hence start learning shell scripting with bash.</span></p></div></div>
<h2 id="your-first-shell-script-hello-world">Your first shell script: Hello World!</h2>
<p>Open a terminal. Now <a href="https://itsfoss.com/make-directories/">create a new directory</a> to save all the scripts you&apos;ll be creating in this series:</p>
<pre><code>mkdir bash_scripts</code></pre>
<p>Now <a href="https://itsfoss.com/change-directories/">switch to this newly created directory</a>:</p>
<pre><code>cd bash_scripts</code></pre>
<p>Let&apos;s <a href="https://itsfoss.com/create-files/">create a new file</a> here:</p>
<pre><code>touch hello_world.sh</code></pre>
<p>Now, <a href="https://itsfoss.com/edit-files-linux/">edit the file</a> and add <code>echo Hello World</code> line to it. You can do this with the append mode of the cat command (using &gt;):</p>
<pre><code>abhishek@itsfoss:~/bash_scripts$ cat &gt; hello_world.sh 
echo Hello World
^C
</code></pre>
<p>I prefer adding new lines while using the cat command for adding text.</p>
<p>Press Ctrl+C or Ctrl+D keys to come out of the append mode of the cat command. Now if you check the contents of the script <code>hellow_world.sh</code>, you should see just a single line.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/create-first-shell-script.png" alt="Bash Basics Series #1: Create and Run Your First Bash Shell Script" loading="lazy" width="874" height="403" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/create-first-shell-script.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/create-first-shell-script.png 874w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure>
<p>The moment of truth has arrived. You have created your first shell script. It&apos;s time to <a href="https://itsfoss.com/run-shell-script-linux/">run the shell script</a>. </p>
<p>Do like this:</p>
<pre><code>bash hello_world.sh</code></pre>
<p>The echo command simply displays whatever was provided to it. In this case, the shell script should output Hello World on the screen.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/run-first-shell-script.png" alt="Bash Basics Series #1: Create and Run Your First Bash Shell Script" loading="lazy" width="822" height="303" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/run-first-shell-script.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/run-first-shell-script.png 822w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure>
<p>Congratulations! You just successfully ran your first shell script. How cool is that!</p>
<p>Here&apos;s a replay of all the above commands for your reference.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/create-run-first-shell-script.svg" alt="Bash Basics Series #1: Create and Run Your First Bash Shell Script" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="386"></figure>
<h3 id="another-way-to-run-your-shell-scripts">Another way to run your shell scripts</h3>
<p>Most of the time, you&apos;ll be running the shell scripts in this manner:</p>
<pre><code>./hello_world.sh</code></pre>
<p>Which will result in an error because the file for you as the script doesn&apos;t have execute permission yet.</p>
<pre><code>bash: ./hello_world.sh: Permission denied</code></pre>
<p>Add execute permission for yourself to the script:</p>
<pre><code>chmod u+x hello-world.sh</code></pre>
<p>And now, you can run it like this:</p>
<pre><code>./hello_world.sh</code></pre>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/running-shell-scripts.png" alt="Bash Basics Series #1: Create and Run Your First Bash Shell Script" loading="lazy" width="822" height="345" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/running-shell-scripts.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/running-shell-scripts.png 822w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure>
<p>So, you learned two ways to run a shell script. It&apos;s time to focus on bash.</p>
<h2 id="turn-your-shell-script-into-a-bash-script">Turn your shell script into a bash script</h2>
<p>Confused? Actually, there are several shells available in Linux. Bash, ksh, csh, zsh and many more. Out of all these, bash is the most popular one and almost all distributions have it installed by default.</p>
<p>The shell is an interpreter. It accepts and runs Linux commands. While the syntax for most shell remains the same, their behavior may differ at certain points. For example, the handling of brackets in conditional logic.</p>
<p>This is why it is important to tell the system which shell to use to interpret the script.</p>
<p>When you used <code>bash hello_world.sh</code>, you explicitly used the bash interpreter.</p>
<p>But when you run the shell scripts in this manner:</p>
<pre><code>./hello_world.sh</code></pre>
<p>The system will use whichever shell you are currently using to run the script.</p>
<p>To avoid unwanted surprises due to different syntax handling, you should explicitly tell the system which shell script it is.</p>
<p>How to do that? Use the shebang (#!). Normally, # is used for comments in shell scripts. However, if #! is used as the first line of the program, it has the special purpose of telling the system which shell to use.</p>
<p>So, change the content of the hello_world.sh so that it looks like this:</p>
<pre><code>#!/bin/bash

echo Hello World</code></pre>
<p>And now, you can run the shell script as usual knowing that the system will use bash shell to run the script.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/run-bash-shell-script.png" alt="Bash Basics Series #1: Create and Run Your First Bash Shell Script" loading="lazy" width="822" height="345" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/run-bash-shell-script.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/run-bash-shell-script.png 822w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure>
<div class="kg-card kg-callout-card kg-callout-card-green"><div class="kg-callout-emoji">&#x1F4A1;</div><div class="kg-callout-text"><p><span>If you feel uncomfortable editing script files in the terminal, as a desktop Linux user, you can use Gedit or other GUI text editors for writing scripts and run them in the terminal.</span></p></div></div>
<h2 id="%F0%9F%8F%8B%EF%B8%8F-exercise-time">&#x1F3CB;&#xFE0F; Exercise time</h2>
<p>It is time to practice what you learned. Here are some basic practice exercises for this level:</p>
<ul><li>Write a bash script that prints &quot;Hello Everyone&quot;</li><li>Write a bash script that displays your current working directory (hint: use pwd command)</li><li>Write a shell script that prints your user name in the following manner: My name is XYZ (hint: use $USER)</li></ul>
<div class="sec-widget" data-widget="7e25bd4cd7ceb06222c972395e89f918"></div>

<p>The answers can be discussed in <a href="https://itsfoss.community/t/practice-exercise-in-bash-basics-series-1-create-and-run-your-first-bash-shell-script/10682?ref=itsfoss.com">this dedicated thread</a> in the Community forum.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.community/t/practice-exercise-in-bash-basics-series-1-create-and-run-your-first-bash-shell-script/10682?ref=itsfoss.com"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Practice Exercise in Bash Basics Series #1: Create and Run Your First Bash Shell Script</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">If you are following the Bash Basics series on It&#x2019;s FOSS, you can submit and discuss the answers to the exercise at the end of the chapter: Fellow experienced members are encouraged to provide their feedback to new members. Do note that there could be more than one answer to a given problem.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.community/uploads/default/optimized/1X/f274f9749e3fd8b4d6fbae1cf90c5c186d2f699c_2_180x180.png" alt="Bash Basics Series #1: Create and Run Your First Bash Shell Script"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">abhishek</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">It&apos;s FOSS Community</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.community/uploads/default/original/1X/f274f9749e3fd8b4d6fbae1cf90c5c186d2f699c.png" alt="Bash Basics Series #1: Create and Run Your First Bash Shell Script"></div></a></figure>
<p>The last practice exercise uses <code>$USER</code>. That&apos;s a special variable that prints the user name. </p>
<p>And that brings me to the topic of the next chapter in the Bash Basics Series: Variables.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/bash-use-variables/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Bash Basics #2: Use Variables in Bash Scripts</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">In this chapter of the Bash Basics series, learn about using variables in Bash scripts.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="Bash Basics Series #1: Create and Run Your First Bash Shell Script"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">Abhishek Prakash</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">It&apos;s FOSS</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/variables-in-bash.png" alt="Bash Basics Series #1: Create and Run Your First Bash Shell Script"></div></a></figure>
<p>Keep on learning bash.</p>


link: https://itsfoss.com/fuzzy-file-search-linux/
encoded_syndication_url: aHR0cHM6Ly9pdHNmb3NzLmNvbS9mZWVk
read: False
type: Rss
title: Fuzzy File Search in Linux
description: Modern tools like fzf and fzy take the file search in Linux terminal to the next level.
categories: Terminal
content:
<img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fuzzy-file-search-linux.png" alt="Fuzzy File Search in Linux"><p>How do you <a href="https://learnubuntu.com/find-files/?ref=itsfoss.com">find files in the Linux command line</a>? You use the <a href="https://linuxhandbook.com/find-command-examples/?ref=itsfoss.com">find command</a>. That&apos;s the standard answer and there is nothing wrong with it.</p>
<p>Usually, you type the command with your search parameters, press enter and it displays the findings.</p>
<p>You can improve your file-finding experience in the terminal with fuzzy search.</p>
<p>Fuzzy search is an approximate search algorithm or technique. Here, files from a specified location are searched by name and the user will get real-time results.</p>
<p>Fuzzy search is popular in web search engines, where a user starts entering the term, and it starts showing results related to the term.</p>
<p>In this article, I am going to discuss two CLI tools that give you the ability to perform fuzzy searches in Linux:</p>
<ul><li>Fzf: Fuzzy finder</li><li>Fzy: Fuzzy selector</li></ul>
<h2 id="fzf-the-fuzzy-finder-in-linux">Fzf, the Fuzzy Finder in Linux</h2>
<p>Fzf is a fuzzy search tool available for Linux, where you can search for files interactively.</p>
<p>To install <code>fzf</code> in Ubuntu, open a terminal and run:</p>
<pre><code>sudo apt install fzf</code></pre>
<p>While <code>fzf</code> itself works properly, it is wise to use it in conjunction with other tools to make most out of it.</p>
<h3 id="using-fzf">Using fzf</h3>
<p>Open a terminal and run:</p>
<pre><code>fzf</code></pre>
<p>This will open a prompt of <code>fzf</code> where you can search for files in the current working directory.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fzf-default.svg" alt="Fuzzy File Search in Linux" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="494"><figcaption><span>Default </span><code><span>fzf</span></code></figcaption></figure>
<h4 id="apply-a-border-to-fzf">Apply a border to fzf</h4>
<p>You can use the <code>--border</code> option of fzf. There are several options like rounded, sharp etc.</p>
<pre><code>fzf --border=rounded</code></pre>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fzf-border.svg" alt="Fuzzy File Search in Linux" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="494"><figcaption><code><span>fzf</span></code><span> with border</span></figcaption></figure>
<h4 id="apply-background-and-foreground-color">Apply background and foreground color</h4>
<p>Using the color property, you can set ANSI colors to <code>fzf</code> either as background, foreground or both.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fzf-colored.svg" alt="Fuzzy File Search in Linux" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="494"><figcaption><span>fzf colored</span></figcaption></figure>
<pre><code>fzf --color=&quot;bg:black,fg:yellow&quot; </code></pre>
<p>You can concatenate the options to make <code>fzf</code> visually pleasing.</p>
<p>Now, let me show some practical usage of the fuzzy search with fzf.</p>
<h3 id="use-fzf-to-search-within-bash-history">Use fzf to search within bash history</h3>
<p>Of course, there is CTRL+R reverse search in the bash history. But if you want to use <code>fzf</code> to get a better look, run:</p>
<pre><code>history | fzf</code></pre>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/search-within-bash-history.svg" alt="Fuzzy File Search in Linux" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="494"><figcaption><span>Use </span><code><span>fzf</span></code><span> to search within bash history</span></figcaption></figure>
<h3 id="use-fzf-with-tree-command">Use fzf with tree command</h3>
<p><a href="https://linuxhandbook.com/tree-command/?ref=itsfoss.com">Tree command</a> lists files and directories along with their hierarchical connection.</p>
<p>Using <code>fzf</code> with <code>tree</code> command can help you find the absolute path of a particular file.</p>
<pre><code>tree -afR /home/$USER | fzf</code></pre>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/tree-afr.svg" alt="Fuzzy File Search in Linux" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="494"><figcaption><span>Tree and FZF command</span></figcaption></figure>
<div class="kg-card kg-callout-card kg-callout-card-green"><div class="kg-callout-emoji">&#x1F4A1;</div><div class="kg-callout-text"><p><span>The above command will invoke </span><code><span>tree</span></code><span> and list all files (-a) including hidden ones in a recursive fashion (-R). Also, the </span><code><span>-f</span></code><span> option tells tree to list the full path.</span></p></div></div>
<h3 id="preview-files-in-fzf">Preview files in fzf</h3>
<p>Sometimes, it will be helpful if you get a small preview of the file you are searching.</p>
<p>Luckily, <code>fzf</code> provides a preview option. You can access it by using <code>--preview</code>. I am here using <code>find</code>command to make it even more useful.</p>
<pre><code>find /home/$USER -type f | fzf --preview &apos;less {}&apos;</code></pre>
<p>Here, while you scroll through the result, it will display the text files using less.</p>
<div class="kg-card kg-callout-card kg-callout-card-red"><div class="kg-callout-emoji">&#x1F6A7;</div><div class="kg-callout-text"><p><span>If you are using other commands like </span><code><span>ls</span></code><span>, etc. do not use options like </span><code><span>-l</span></code><span>, that will display added details (file permissions). These additional details will break the required format needed for </span><code><span>fzf</span></code><span> preview. the hile using preview feature, the input to </span><code><span>fzf</span></code><span> should only be the filename.</span></p></div></div>
<p>If you have <code>bat</code> installed, you can use it for previewing files as well. </p>
<pre><code>find /home/$USER -type f | fzf --preview &apos;bat --color always {}&apos;</code></pre>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/bashrc-preview-in-fzf.png" alt="Fuzzy File Search in Linux" loading="lazy" width="1707" height="829" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/bashrc-preview-in-fzf.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/bashrc-preview-in-fzf.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1600/2023/06/bashrc-preview-in-fzf.png 1600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/bashrc-preview-in-fzf.png 1707w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"><figcaption><span>FZF file preview using bat editor</span></figcaption></figure>
<p>For Ubuntu users, bat is available as <code>batcat</code>. So run:</p>
<pre><code>find /home/$USER -type f | fzf --preview &apos;batcat --color always {}&apos;</code></pre>
<div class="kg-card kg-callout-card kg-callout-card-green"><div class="kg-callout-emoji">&#x1F4A1;</div><div class="kg-callout-text"><p><a href="https://linuxhandbook.com/linux-alias-command/?ref=itsfoss.com" rel="noopener"><span>Create an alias</span></a><span> for these commands, so that you don&apos;t want to type these again and again.</span></p></div></div>
<h3 id="use-fzf-to-cd-into-any-directory-from-anywhere-advance">Use fzf to cd into any directory from anywhere (advance)</h3>
<p>This is a bit trickier than the previous. Here, you cannot just directly pipe <code>fzf</code> and <code>cd</code> together, because both are different processes.</p>
<p>You can create an alias use the command like:</p>
<pre><code>cd $(find /home/$USER -type d | fzf)</code></pre>
<p>Or, you can follow the method explained below.</p>
<p>To do this, you may need to add a function to your bashrc. Let me call this function as <code>finder</code>. Now add the following lines to your bashrc.</p>
<pre><code>finder() {
  local dir
  dir=$(find required/location/to/search/and/enter -type d | fzf)
  if [[ -n &quot;$dir&quot; ]]; then
    cd &quot;$dir&quot; || return
  fi
}</code></pre>
<p>Now, you should <a href="https://itsfoss.com/change-directories/">enter the location</a> where the directories you want to search and enter are present. </p>
<p>For example, I have replaced that part with <code>/home/$USER</code> to indicate that I have to <code>cd</code> into any directories in my Home from anywhere.</p>
<p>Once you saved your bashrc, either restart the terminal or run:</p>
<pre><code>source ~/.bashrc</code></pre>
<p>After this, you can run finder from the terminal and once you located the directory you want to enter, press Enter key.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fzf-cd-combo.svg" alt="Fuzzy File Search in Linux" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="494"></figure>
<h3 id="copy-the-selection-to-clipboard">Copy the selection to Clipboard</h3>
<p>Till now, you have seen using <code>fzf</code> and in all cases, it gives either a search result or preview. </p>
<p>Now, if you want to copy the location of an item, you don&apos;t necessarily need to do it manually. There is a solution for that too.</p>
<p>First, make sure you have Xclip installed.</p>
<pre><code>sudo apt install xclip</code></pre>
<p>Now pipe it to xclip like this:</p>
<pre><code>fzf | xclip -selection clipboard</code></pre>
<p>This will copy whatever lines you have pressed the enter key, on to your clipboard.</p>
<h3 id="other-uses">Other Uses</h3>
<p>Like I said earlier, you can use any command that involves a significant amount of text, and you want to search for a particular thing interactively.</p>
<ul><li><code>cat ~/.bashrc | fzf</code> - Search Inside Bashrc</li><li><code>lsblk | fzf</code> - Search inside the list of lock devices</li><li><code>ps -aux | fzf</code> - Search inside process list</li></ul>
<h2 id="another-choice-fzy-the-fuzzy-selector">Another choice: Fzy, the Fuzzy Selector</h2>
<p>Unlike <code>fzf</code>, <code>fzy</code> is a fuzzy selector, where you will be provided a menu to select, depending on the input. </p>
<p>For example, if you are using <code>fzy</code> in conjunction with <code>ls</code> command, it will give you a menu like interface. </p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fzy-ls.svg" alt="Fuzzy File Search in Linux" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="494"><figcaption><code><span>fzy</span></code><span> command</span></figcaption></figure>
<p>By default, it will show you ten entries in view.</p>
<h3 id="enter-into-a-directory-using-fzy"><strong>Enter into a directory using fzy</strong></h3>
<p>Similar to fzf, fzy can also be used to enter into a directory in the current working directory using:</p>
<pre><code>cd $(find -type d | fzy)</code></pre>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fzy-cd.svg" alt="Fuzzy File Search in Linux" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="494"></figure>
<h3 id="open-a-file-using-any-editor">Open a file using any editor</h3>
<p>Or open a file using your favorite editor by:</p>
<pre><code>nano $(find -type f | fzy)</code></pre>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fzy-nano.svg" alt="Fuzzy File Search in Linux" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="494"></figure>
<h2 id="bonus-a-customized-file-and-image-preview">Bonus: A Customized file and image preview</h2>
<p>The below command will open a dedicated customized prompt in <strong>Ubuntu </strong>for fuzzy search, where you can preview text files by scrolling through them.</p>
<pre><code>find /home/$USER -type f | fzf --color=&quot;bg:black,fg:yellow&quot; --preview &apos;batcat --color always {}&apos; --preview-window=bottom</code></pre>
<p>Create an alias for this in your bashrc for easy access.</p>
<p>Or preview an image in fzf while scrolling using <code>timg</code> command line image viewer. Install it using:</p>
<pre><code>sudo apt install timg</code></pre>
<div class="kg-card kg-callout-card kg-callout-card-red"><div class="kg-callout-emoji">&#x1F6A7;</div><div class="kg-callout-text"><p><span>Remember that the image viewer will not display a proper image, as that is not the primary purpose of fzf preview</span></p></div></div>
<pre><code>fzf --preview &apos;timg -g 200x100 {}&apos; --preview-window=right:90</code></pre>
<p>For those who are tinkerers, try to make this part by refining.</p>
<h2 id="modern-alternatives-to-rescue">Modern alternatives to rescue</h2>
<p>Most Linux commands have been inherited from UNIX-era. They are old but work as expected. But this doesn&apos;t mean they cannot be improved.</p>
<p>I mean, you don&apos;t need to reinvent the wheel but you can always work on improving the wheels.</p>
<p>Modern tools like fzf and fzy take the file search in Linux terminal to the next level. Here are some other such command line tools you may find interesting.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/legacy-linux-commands-alternatives/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Modern Alternatives to Some of the Classic Linux Commands</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Consider yourself a modern Linux user? Have you tried these modern replacements of the classic Linux commands yet?</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="Fuzzy File Search in Linux"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">Abhishek Prakash</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">It&apos;s FOSS</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2022/01/penguins.png" alt="Fuzzy File Search in Linux"></div></a></figure>
<p>I have tried giving some practical examples for these fuzzy search tools. I hope you find them inspiring enough for you. Let me know in the comments if you are going to use them.</p>


link: https://itsfoss.com/virtualization-software-linux/
encoded_syndication_url: aHR0cHM6Ly9pdHNmb3NzLmNvbS9mZWVk
read: False
type: Rss
title: 9 Best Virtualization Software for Linux
categories: Software Recommendation
description:
We take a look at some of the best virtualization programs that make things easy for users creating/managing VMs.

content:
<img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/virtualization-software-for-linux.png" alt="9 Best Virtualization Software for Linux"><p>Virtualization software is prevalent because of its use cases and benefits. You get to experiment, test, or run software that requires a specific OS version.</p><p>Virtualization provides an abstract concept of computer hardware to help you create virtual machines (VMs), networks, storage, and more. The benefits include isolation, security, and the freedom to test things to your heart&apos;s extent. </p><p>Different types of virtualization software cater to desktop users, server administrators, and enterprises.</p><p>While I list all kinds of virtualization software, I mention who it is for. </p><h2 id="1-virtualbox">1. VirtualBox</h2><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/virtualbox-7.png" class="kg-image" alt="9 Best Virtualization Software for Linux" loading="lazy" width="1440" height="810" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/virtualbox-7.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/virtualbox-7.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/virtualbox-7.png 1440w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p><a href="https://www.virtualbox.org/?ref=itsfoss.com">VirtualBox</a> is a top-rated open-source virtual machine program for Linux, Windows, and macOS.</p><p>It is suitable for all kinds of users, whether you are just someone who wants to <a href="https://itsfoss.com/why-linux-virtual-machine/">run Linux on a virtual machine</a>, a professional who wants to create a VM for testing or an enterprise that needs a VM solution.</p><p>You can consider it as an all-in-one solution for most users. Even though it is primarily fit for desktop usage, you can try its headless mode to run a virtual machine as a remote desktop server by exploring its <a href="https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch07.html?ref=itsfoss.com">documentation</a>.</p><p><strong>Key Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li>It supports a wide range of guest operating systems</li><li>Simple user interface and fast performance</li><li>Regularly updated</li><li>Feature-rich</li></ul><h2 id="2-openvz">2. OpenVZ</h2><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/openvz.jpg" class="kg-image" alt="9 Best Virtualization Software for Linux" loading="lazy" width="996" height="276" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/openvz.jpg 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/openvz.jpg 996w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p>Want to create isolated Linux containers on servers? <a href="https://openvz.org/?ref=itsfoss.com">OpenVZ</a> should help.</p><p>You can create containers that behave like a stand-alone server. The containers have all the essential functionalities to help you manage them efficiently.</p><p>The containers run on Linux only as OpenVZ is built and distributed as a Linux distribution.</p><p>OpenVZ is an excellent pick for new users learning to work with containers considering it is easy to configure and manage. Additionally, OpenVZ-powered VPS hosting is affordable compared to some others.</p><p><strong>Key Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li>Efficient resource usage</li><li>Simple to use and manage</li></ul><h2 id="3-kvm">3. KVM</h2><p>Kernel-based Virtual Machine (<a href="https://www.linux-kvm.org/page/Main_Page?ref=itsfoss.com">KVM</a>) is built into Linux, which is its biggest advantage. You can run VMs out of the box on Linux with KVM. It is a <strong>type-1 hypervisor </strong>i.e. hardware-based.</p><p>KVM converts the Linux host to a hypervisor to run virtual machines with bear metal like performance.</p><p>Unlike OpenVZ, KVM is highly customizable and baked into the Linux system without needing to install separately. Considering KVM provides hardware-level virtualization with the help of a hypervisor, it needs more memory and other system resources comparatively.</p><p>You can create guest/virtual machines of different operating systems with KVM. To set it up, you can explore <a href="https://ubuntu.com/blog/kvm-hyphervisor?ref=itsfoss.com">Ubuntu&apos;s official blog post</a> on KVM installation.</p><p><strong>Key Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li>Highly customizable and complex to setup</li><li>Baked in with Linux</li></ul><div class="kg-card kg-callout-card kg-callout-card-green"><div class="kg-callout-emoji">&#x1F4A1;</div><div class="kg-callout-text">A <a href="https://linuxhandbook.com/what-is-hypervisor/?ref=itsfoss.com">Hypervisor</a> is software that creates and runs virtual machines (VMs)</div></div><h2 id="4-gnome-boxes">4. GNOME Boxes</h2><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/boxes.png" class="kg-image" alt="9 Best Virtualization Software for Linux" loading="lazy" width="1504" height="846" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/boxes.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/boxes.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/boxes.png 1504w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p><strong>Key Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li>Modern UX </li><li>Simple and easy to use</li></ul><p>GNOME Boxes is the simplest virtualization program for users looking to download test distros as quickly as possible.</p><p>Compared to some other solutions, GNOME Boxes may not feature all kinds of features but the essentials. The user experience is simple, and it is easy to use for newbies.</p><h2 id="5-vmware-workstation-not-foss">5. VMware Workstation (Not FOSS)</h2><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/VMware-installer-finished.jpg" class="kg-image" alt="9 Best Virtualization Software for Linux" loading="lazy" width="1101" height="606" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/VMware-installer-finished.jpg 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/VMware-installer-finished.jpg 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/VMware-installer-finished.jpg 1101w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p><strong>Key Highlights</strong></p><ul><li>Personal and enterprise server offerings</li><li>Easy to use</li><li>Premium edition with more features</li></ul><p><a href="https://www.vmware.com/products/workstation-player.html?ref=itsfoss.com">VMware</a> is an incredibly popular virtual machine program for Linux, Windows, and macOS.</p><p>While it is a proprietary solution, it is one of the industry-leading options used by personal users and enterprises. There are several other offerings by VMware related to cloud computing. </p><p>So, if you want a desktop virtualization program, VMware Workstation Player can be a good pick for you. For others, there are plenty of other editions for server and cloud providers.</p><h2 id="6-xen">6. Xen</h2><p><a href="https://xenproject.org/?ref=itsfoss.com">Xen</a> is one of the oldest virtualization software used by Amazon And Red Hat. While most have switched to using KVM over Xen, it is still an option for cloud infrastructure.</p><p>Yes, Xen is tailored for more server usage than desktop virtualization. It supports Linux, Windows, and FreeBSD.</p><p><strong>Key Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li>Tailored for server infrastructure</li><li>Supports para-virtualization (which most others don&apos;t)</li></ul><h2 id="7-ovirt">7. oVirt</h2><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/ovirt.png" class="kg-image" alt="9 Best Virtualization Software for Linux" loading="lazy" width="708" height="398" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/ovirt.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/ovirt.png 708w"></figure><p><a href="https://www.ovirt.org/?ref=itsfoss.com">oVirt</a> is an excellent open-source solution for communities and enterprises looking for a tool to manage server architecture. It is a management tool that utilizes KVM.</p><p>You get a rich web-based user interface to manage everything in it, hosts, storage, and network configuration. It also supports live migration of virtual machines for convenience. </p><p>Considering it does not support the Windows platform, it is tailored to work with Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) and CentOS Linux.</p><p><strong>Key Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li>Enterprise-focused</li><li>Uses KVM hypervisor</li><li>Distributed virtualization solution</li><li>Not suitable for beginners</li></ul><h2 id="8-proxmox">8. Proxmox</h2><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/proxmox.png" class="kg-image" alt="9 Best Virtualization Software for Linux" loading="lazy" width="1920" height="1080" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/proxmox.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/proxmox.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1600/2023/06/proxmox.png 1600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/proxmox.png 1920w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p><a href="proxmox.com/">Proxmox</a> is yet another open-source virtualization platform tailored for enterprises.</p><p>You need to get a subscription to receive software updates and technical help. As per your requirements, you can opt for one of them. Not just limited to virtual environment platforms, they also offer backup and email security solutions if you plan to explore for your enterprise infrastructure.</p><p><strong>Key Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li>Easy to setup</li><li>Well documented</li></ul><h2 id="9-qemu">9. QEMU</h2><p></p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/qemu.png" class="kg-image" alt="9 Best Virtualization Software for Linux" loading="lazy" width="500" height="340"></figure><p><a href="https://www.qemu.org/?ref=itsfoss.com">QEMU</a> is a nice virtual machine program (and emulator) available across multiple platforms.</p><p>It supports a wide range of hardware architectures and guest operating systems. You can couple it with KVM to run VMs that perform well because KVM is a hardware-level virtualization tool, and QEMU is a software-level virtualization program.</p><p>Technically, QEMU is a <strong>type-2 hypervisor</strong>.</p><p>If you want a tool that utilizes QEMU at its core and makes it easy for beginners to create virtual machines, you can explore <a href="https://itsfoss.com/quickgui/">Quickgui</a>.</p><p><strong>Key Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li>Wide range of operating system support</li><li>It provides flexibility without depending on your hardware</li></ul><h2 id="extra-hyper-v-for-linux-vms-on-windows">Extra: Hyper-V (for Linux VMs on Windows)</h2><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/hyper-v-windows.jpg" class="kg-image" alt="9 Best Virtualization Software for Linux" loading="lazy" width="820" height="616" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/hyper-v-windows.jpg 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/hyper-v-windows.jpg 820w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p><a href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/virtualization/hyper-v/hyper-v-technology-overview?ref=itsfoss.com">Hyper-V</a> is a hypervisor that comes baked in with the Microsoft Windows operating system. </p><p>While it is not for Linux, it supports running Linux as a guest operating system. You can run distros like Kali Linux and Ubuntu with Hyper-V on Windows.</p><p>There are some feature differences with Hyper-V on Windows desktop edition and server. So, you might want to review its <a href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/virtualization/hyper-v-on-windows/about/?ref=itsfoss.com">official documentation</a> per your use case.</p><p><strong>Key Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li>Available for Windows as a type 1 hypervisor</li><li>Fast performance</li><li>Supports Windows and Linux operating systems</li><li>Works for desktop and server users</li></ul><h2 id="virtualization-is-easy-because-of-these-tools">Virtualization is Easy Because of These Tools</h2><p>Virtualization was a concept starting to get ahead a decade back. Now almost everyone familiar with computing knows it.</p><p>The programs available to facilitate are easy to use and offer features that uncomplicate things for professionals and home users. For the most part, solutions like VirtualBox, GNOME Boxes, and VMware should be the pick for new users.</p><p>If you are an enterprise or a techie, you can look for other options per your requirements.</p><p><em>&#x1F4AC; What is your favorite virtualization software to run on Linux? Do you prefer using hypervisors instead of Linux or another host operating system? Share your thoughts in the comments below.</em></p>


link: https://itsfoss.com/newsletter/foss-weekly-23-23/
encoded_syndication_url: aHR0cHM6Ly9pdHNmb3NzLmNvbS9mZWVk
read: False
type: Rss
title: FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More
categories: Newsletter
description:
Get familiar with tail and cowsay commands. Learn new tips and tricks on GNOME desktop along with all the major Linux news this week.

content:
<img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/foss-weekly-23-23.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More"><p>The <a href="https://itsfoss.com/tag/terminal-basics/">Terminal Basics series</a> provided a good starting point for getting comfortable with the Linux command line.</p><p>A Linux command and its usage will be featured every Tuesday to take the learning further. For this week, you get the <a href="https://itsfoss.com/tail-command/">tail command</a>.</p><p>Apart from this, two new tutorial series are in the works; bash scripting and openSUSE.</p><p>The bash script series will start to mark the 11th birthday of It&apos;s FOSS on 14th June &#x1F382;</p><p>Yes! It&apos;s FOSS is helping and educating Linux users for more than a decade &#x1F4AA;</p><p>How long have you been reading and visiting It&apos;s FOSS?</p><p><strong>&#x1F4AC; Let&apos;s see what else you have in this edition of FOSS Weekly:</strong></p><ul><li>GNOME&apos;s upcoming UI updates are shaping up nicely.</li><li>Quick tip to prevent Ubuntu from sleeping.</li><li><a href="https://itsfoss.com/11th-anniversary-offer">11% celebratory discount on It&apos;s FOSS Pro subscription</a></li><li>And other Linux news, videos, puzzles and, of course, memes!</li></ul><hr><h2 id="%F0%9F%93%B0-linux-news">&#x1F4F0; Linux news</h2><ul><li><a href="https://news.itsfoss.com/opensuse-15-5-leap/?ref=itsfoss.com">openSUSE Leap 15.5</a> is now available.</li><li>Kali Linux 2023.2 <a href="https://news.itsfoss.com/kali-linux-2023-2-release/?ref=itsfoss.com">was released</a> with a new Hyper-V image and PipeWire for XFCE.</li><li>GNOME 45 <a href="https://news.itsfoss.com/gnome-new-display-settings/?ref=itsfoss.com">to feature</a> redesigned display settings and it <a href="https://news.itsfoss.com/gnome-system-panel/?ref=itsfoss.com">will also have</a> a new &apos;System&apos; panel in the settings menu.</li><li>Secure email service <a href="https://news.itsfoss.com/tutanota-user-milestone-price-change/?ref=itsfoss.com">Tutanota has ten million users now</a> and offers discounts for Pro members.</li><li>Zulip 7.0 <a href="https://blog.zulip.com/2023/05/31/zulip-7-0-released/?ref=itsfoss.com">was released</a> with many new features and bug fixes.</li><li>NixOS 23.05 was introduced with a<a href="https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/unstable/release-notes.html?ref=itsfoss.com#sec-release-23.05"> number of updates</a> and additions.</li><li><a href="https://www.tuxedocomputers.com/en/TUXEDO-Gemini-15-Gen2?ref=itsfoss.com">TUXEDO</a> and <a href="https://junocomputers.com/us/product/gemini-15-v5/?mc_cid=1515470fe4&amp;mc_eid=7732ac763f&amp;ref=itsfoss.com">Juno</a> Computers refreshed their laptop lineup with new Intel 13th gen Raptor Lake processors and more goodies.</li></ul><hr><h2 id="%F0%9F%A7%A0-what-we%E2%80%99re-thinking-about">&#x1F9E0; What we&#x2019;re thinking about</h2><p>Red Hat decided to stop working on the RPM version of LibreOffice in favor of Flatpak. Here&apos;s an opinion that justifies this move.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://www.ypsidanger.com/the-distribution-model-is-changing/?ref=itsfoss.com"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">The distribution model is changing</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">One of the nice things about being on sabbatical is I get to say things like &#x201C;You should be happy that RHEL is dropping LibreOffice RPMs&#x201D; without the fear of being kicked out a room you didn&#x2019;t want to be in the first place. I have been talking for a</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://www.ypsidanger.com/favicon.ico" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">Jorge Castro</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Jorge Castro</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://www.ypsidanger.com/content/images/2021/03/1500x500.jpg" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More"></div></a></figure><hr><h2 id="%F0%9F%A7%AE-tutorials">&#x1F9EE; Tutorials</h2><p>Improve your Linux command knowledge each week with a new command. This week, learn about the tail command.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/tail-command/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Using tail Command in Linux [5 Examples]</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">The tail command is one of the several ways to display file contents or part of it. You can also live monitor changes made to files with it. Here are some common examples.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Sagar Sharma</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/tail-command-in-linux.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More"></div></a></figure><p>Want to have some fun on the command line? Try this</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/cowsay/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">The cowsay is a fun little Linux command line utility that can be enjoyed in so many ways. Here are several examples.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Sreenath</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cowsay-linux-1.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More"></div></a></figure><p>Prevent Ubuntu (or should I say GNOME) from locking the screen or going into sleep mode after every few minutes of inactivity. </p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-prevent-sleep/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">How to Prevent Ubuntu from Going into Sleep Mode</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Leave the system for five minutes and it goes into sleep mode? Here&#x2019;s what you can do to get rid of this annoyance.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Abhishek Prakash</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/prevent-ubuntu-from-sleep.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More"></div></a></figure><h2 id="%F0%9F%93%B9-what-we-are-watching">&#x1F4F9; What we are watching</h2><p>You read about <a href="https://itsfoss.com/using-neofetch/">Neofetch usage here</a> but now you also see it in action.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-embed-card"><iframe width="200" height="113" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Ecbn8DJICPA?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen title="10 Ways to Use the Neofetch Command in Linux"></iframe></figure><hr><h2 id="%E2%9C%A8-application-highlights">&#x2728; Application highlights</h2><p>Formerly known as PulseEffects,Easy Effects provides limiter, compressor, convolver, equalizer and auto volume and many other plugins for PipeWire applications</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://github.com/wwmm/easyeffects?ref=itsfoss.com"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">GitHub - wwmm/easyeffects: Limiter, compressor, convolver, equalizer and auto volume and many other plugins for PipeWire applications</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Limiter, compressor, convolver, equalizer and auto volume and many other plugins for PipeWire applications - GitHub - wwmm/easyeffects: Limiter, compressor, convolver, equalizer and auto volume and&#x2026;</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://github.com/fluidicon.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">GitHub</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">wwmm</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://opengraph.githubassets.com/1680ec866b1c935fb5561daff84cda40f7d8527a65198843422bf32bdbe20910/wwmm/easyeffects" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More"></div></a></figure><hr><h2 id="%F0%9F%92%A1-quick-linux-tip">&#x1F4A1; Quick Linux tip</h2><p>Ubuntu and other Dash to Dock GNOME extension users can enable the &apos;<a href="https://itsfoss.com/click-to-minimize-ubuntu/">click to minimize</a>&apos; option using this command:</p><pre><code>gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock click-action &apos;minimize&apos;</code></pre><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/click-to-minimise.webp" class="kg-image" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More" loading="lazy" width="1595" height="748" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/click-to-minimise.webp 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/click-to-minimise.webp 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/click-to-minimise.webp 1595w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><hr><h2 id="%F0%9F%A7%A9-puzzle-for-pro-members-only">&#x1F9E9; Puzzle (for Pro members only)</h2><p>Learn and play. Learn the Linux directory structures first and test your knowledge by playing the puzzle.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/puzzle/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Puzzle of The Week: Matching Pairs #1: Linux directory structure</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Exercise those &#x2018;little gray cells&#x2019; of yours and solve this puzzle.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Abhishek Prakash</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/05/puzzle-of-the-week.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More"></div></a></figure><hr><h2 id="%F0%9F%9B%8D%EF%B8%8F-interesting-deals-for-you">&#x1F6CD;&#xFE0F; Interesting deals for you</h2><p>Learn an array of today&#x2019;s most popular coding languages with this bundle of DRM-free ebooks from O&#x2019;Reilly. <strong>Your purchase also supports Code for America.</strong></p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://www.humblebundle.com/books/popular-programming-languages-2023-oreilly-books?partner=itsfoss&amp;ref=itsfoss.com"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Humble Tech Book Bundle: Popular Programming Languages 2023 by O&#x2019;Reilly</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">We&#x2019;ve teamed up with O&#x2019;Reilly for our newest bundle. Get books on Rust, TypeScript, SQL, C, C#, C++, and more programming languages. Pay what you want &amp; support charity!</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://cdn.humblebundle.com/static/hashed/03df0490a53d595fd930f9fff52038366d60a05d.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">Humble Bundle</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://hb.imgix.net/aa920bf66450aaf7c970c1f26bcfb323a0f47a98.png?auto=compress,format&amp;h=630&amp;w=1200&amp;s=a1996968ee851fbd91b3cb0798b857d0" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More"></div></a></figure><p>Internxt is offering 2 TB cloud storage for a mere &#x20AC;10.79 a year as part of their summer sale.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://internxt.sjv.io/c/1995707/1296883/14378?ref=itsfoss.com"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Internxt Pricing &#x2013; Get Up To 10GB Free!</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Sign up for an Internxt secure cloud storage subscription and get access to our monthly newsletter filled with the latest tech news and updates.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://internxt.sjv.io/favicon.ico" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More"></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://internxt.com/images/previewLink/PreviewGenericEN.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More"></div></a></figure><hr><h2 id="%F0%9F%A4%A3-meme-of-the-week">&#x1F923; Meme of the week</h2><p>Oh, Windows, when will you stop?</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/memes4.png" class="kg-image" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More" loading="lazy" width="1080" height="1080" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/memes4.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/memes4.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/memes4.png 1080w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><hr><h2 id="%F0%9F%97%93%EF%B8%8F-tech-trivia">&#x1F5D3;&#xFE0F; Tech Trivia</h2><p>Alexey Pajitnov first released the game Tetris in the USSR on June 6, 1984. Tetris is the most popular puzzle video game of all time.</p><p>There is a Tetris version available in the Linux terminal. It&apos;s called Bastet. You can install the <code>bastet</code> package and enjoy this legendary game:</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/bastet-tetris-clone-ascii.jpg" class="kg-image" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More" loading="lazy" width="1042" height="606" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/bastet-tetris-clone-ascii.jpg 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/bastet-tetris-clone-ascii.jpg 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/bastet-tetris-clone-ascii.jpg 1042w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><hr><h2 id="%F0%9F%A7%91%E2%80%8D%F0%9F%A4%9D%E2%80%8D%F0%9F%A7%91-fossverse-corner">&#x1F9D1;&#x200D;&#x1F91D;&#x200D;&#x1F9D1; FOSSverse corner</h2><p>Community member Doron shared a quick troubleshooting tip for the pulseaudio issue he encountered in Arch Linux.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.community/t/arch-linux-pulseaudio-cutting-out-randomly-heres-what-you-do/10648?ref=itsfoss.com"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Arch linux pulseaudio cutting out randomly? Here&#x2019;s what you do</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">So I just had an interesting issue where my audio would cut out randomly. No rhyme or reason to it, didn&#x2019;t matter what browser I was using. It would seem pulseaudio likes to idle on &#x2026;well &#x2026; idle, and suspend the audio sources. Here&#x2019;s what you can do about it : pactl list sinks there will be a who&#x2026;</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.community/uploads/default/optimized/1X/f274f9749e3fd8b4d6fbae1cf90c5c186d2f699c_2_180x180.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS Community</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Doron_Beit-Halahmi</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.community/uploads/default/original/1X/f274f9749e3fd8b4d6fbae1cf90c5c186d2f699c.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.23: openSUSE 15.5, GNOME 45 New Features, Tail Command and More"></div></a></figure><hr><h2 id="%E2%9D%A4%EF%B8%8F-enjoying-foss-weekly">&#x2764;&#xFE0F; Enjoying FOSS Weekly?</h2><p><strong>Forward it to Linux-using friends</strong> and encourage them to subscribe (hint: <a href="https://itsfoss.com/signup/">it&apos;s here</a>).</p><p><a href="https://itsfoss.com/11th-anniversary-offer">Become a Pro member</a> and show your support &#x1F64F;</p><p><strong>Something else?</strong> Share it with me by pressing the reply button.</p><p>Don&apos;t stop loving It&apos;s FOSS :)</p>


link: https://itsfoss.com/tail-command/
encoded_syndication_url: aHR0cHM6Ly9pdHNmb3NzLmNvbS9mZWVk
read: False
type: Rss
title: Using tail Command in Linux
categories: Linux Commands
description:
The tail command is one of the several ways to display file contents or part of it. You can also live monitor changes made to files with it. Here are some common examples.

content:
<img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/tail-command-in-linux.png" alt="Using tail Command in Linux"><p>There are several commands to <a href="https://itsfoss.com/view-file-contents/">view the contents of a file in Linux</a>. Tail command is one of them.</p><p>And as the name suggests, the tail command is used to print the end part of a file. This can be useful when dealing with config files where the new changes are made to the end of the file.</p><p>The tail command also allows you to view the changes made to a file live. This is extensively used for monitoring log files in real-time while troubleshooting issues.</p><p>In this tutorial, I will show how you can use the tail command by sharing some practical examples of it.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card kg-card-hascaption"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/basic-terminal-tips-ubuntu/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">19 Basic But Essential Linux Terminal Tips You Must Know</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Learn some small, basic but often ignored things about the terminal. With the small tips, you should be able to use the terminal with slightly more efficiency.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="Using tail Command in Linux"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Abhishek Prakash</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2021/12/ubuntu-terminal-basic-tips.png" alt="Using tail Command in Linux"></div></a><figcaption>New to the terminal? Learn the terminology</figcaption></figure><h2 id="how-to-use-the-tail-command-in-linux">How to use the tail command in Linux</h2><p>To use any command in the terminal, execution of the command in the right syntax is compulsory, so let&apos;s start with its syntax first.</p><pre><code>tail [option] [file]</code></pre><p>Here,</p><ul><li><code>[option]</code> allows you to tweak the default behavior of the command.</li><li><code>[file]</code> is where you&apos;d enter the file name that you want to pair with the tail command.</li></ul><p>To make things easy to understand, I will be using the <code>Haruki.txt</code> text file containing the following line:</p><pre><code>Hear the Wind Sing (1979)
Pinball, 1973 (1980)
A Wild Sheep Chase (1982)
Hard-Boiled Wonderland and the End of the World (1985)
Norwegian Wood (1987)
Dance Dance Dance (1990)
South of the Border, West of the Sun (1992)
The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle (1994)
Sputnik Sweetheart (1999)
Kafka on the Shore (2002)
After Dark (2004)
1Q84 (2009-2010)
Colorless Tsukuru Tazaki and His Years of Pilgrimage (2013)
Men Without Women (2014)
Killing Commendatore (2017)</code></pre><p>And <strong>when the tail command is executed without any options, it prints the last 10 lines of the file:</strong></p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/The-default-behavior-of-the-tail-command.png" class="kg-image" alt="Using tail Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="837" height="342" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/04/The-default-behavior-of-the-tail-command.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/The-default-behavior-of-the-tail-command.png 837w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><div class="kg-card kg-callout-card kg-callout-card-green"><div class="kg-callout-emoji">&#x1F4A1;</div><div class="kg-callout-text">Quite obviously, if there are less than 10 lines, tail command will display all the lines by default.</div></div><p>But you can do more than just this! Let me tell you how.</p><h2 id="tail-command-examples">Tail command examples</h2><p>In this section, I will share different examples of the tail command, using its different options. </p><div class="kg-card kg-callout-card kg-callout-card-red"><div class="kg-callout-emoji">&#x1F6A7;</div><div class="kg-callout-text">You&#x2019;ll see some command examples with text inside &lt;&gt;. This indicates that you need to replace the content along with &lt; and &gt; with a suitable value.</div></div><h3 id="1-print-the-last-n-lines">1. Print the last N lines</h3><p>As I mentioned earlier, the tail command prints the last ten lines by default but you may not always want the same behavior.</p><p>To print the desired number of last N lines, all you have to do is use the <code>-n</code> flag and append the number of the last N lines you want to be printed:</p><pre><code>tail -n &lt;Number-of-last-N-Lines&gt; &lt;File&gt;</code></pre><p>For example, here, I printed the last three lines of my text file named <code>Haruki.txt</code>:</p><pre><code>tail -n 3 Haruki.txt</code></pre><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/print-the-last-N-lines-using-the-tail-command.png" class="kg-image" alt="Using tail Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="837" height="192" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/04/print-the-last-N-lines-using-the-tail-command.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/print-the-last-N-lines-using-the-tail-command.png 837w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p>You can also use a number higher than 10 here.</p><h3 id="2-print-everything-from-the-n-line">2. Print everything from the N line</h3><p>So if you want the output from a specific point, this can be very handy.</p><p>To do so, you&apos;d have to use the <code>-n</code> flag and append the line number from where you want to print the file with the <code>+</code> sign:</p><pre><code>tail -n +&lt;Line-number&gt; &lt;File&gt;</code></pre><p>So let&apos;s say I want to print everything from the 5th line in the text file <code>Haruki.txt</code> then, I will use the following command:</p><pre><code>tail -n +5 Haruki.txt</code></pre><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/Print-everything-from-the-N-line-using-the-tail-command.png" class="kg-image" alt="Using tail Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="837" height="368" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/04/Print-everything-from-the-N-line-using-the-tail-command.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/Print-everything-from-the-N-line-using-the-tail-command.png 837w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><h3 id="3-print-the-filename-with-the-output">3. Print the filename with the output</h3><p>You may find yourself in a situation where you want to print the filename with the output given by the tail command. </p><p>A good example will be while <a href="https://linuxhandbook.com/redirect-dev-null/?ref=itsfoss.com">redirecting the output of multiple files</a> with tail commands to a single file and you want to separate the output.</p><p>To do so, you&apos;d have to use the <code>-v</code> flag, which will get you a verbose output:</p><pre><code>tail -v [File]</code></pre><p>Here, I used the previous example, but this time, I added the option for the verbose output:</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/use-the-verbose-output-with-the-tail-command.png" class="kg-image" alt="Using tail Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="837" height="397" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/04/use-the-verbose-output-with-the-tail-command.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/use-the-verbose-output-with-the-tail-command.png 837w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><h3 id="4-use-multiple-files-with-the-tail-command">4. Use multiple files with the tail command</h3><p>Sometimes, you may want to use multiple files with the tail command, and it&apos;s pretty simple! All you have to do is use the multiple filenames and the tail command will take care of the rest:</p><pre><code>tail &lt;options&gt; &lt;File-1&gt; &lt;File-2&gt; &lt;File-n&gt; </code></pre><p>For example, here, printed the last three lines of the two different text files: <code>Haruki.txt</code> and <code>Premchand.txt</code>:</p><pre><code>tail -n 3 Haruki.txt Premchand.txt</code></pre><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/use-multiple-files-with-the-tail-command.png" class="kg-image" alt="Using tail Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="837" height="325" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/04/use-multiple-files-with-the-tail-command.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/use-multiple-files-with-the-tail-command.png 837w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p>And if you notice carefully, it prints the filename by default, which is nice. </p><p><strong>If you want to skip the filename from the output</strong>, use the <code>-q</code> flag (quiet mode):</p><pre><code>tail -q &lt;File-1&gt; &lt;File-2&gt; &lt;File-n&gt; </code></pre><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/use-quite-mode-in-the-tail-command-.png" class="kg-image" alt="Using tail Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="837" height="253" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/04/use-quite-mode-in-the-tail-command-.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/use-quite-mode-in-the-tail-command-.png 837w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><h3 id="5-monitor-changes-made-to-file-live">5. Monitor changes made to file live</h3><p>This is an excellent feature of the tail command. Not only you can see the last few lines, but it can also display any new lines added to it. How cool is that!</p><p>To do so, use the <code>-f</code> (follow) flag with the tail command:</p><pre><code>tail -f &lt;File&gt;</code></pre><p>Here&apos;s an example where <a href="https://linuxhandbook.com/screen-command/?ref=itsfoss.com">I used multiple windows in a single terminal</a>. I executed the tail command in one and in the other one, I used the echo command to append the text in the file:</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/Use-live-monitoring-of-file-in-linux-using-the-tail-command.gif" class="kg-image" alt="Using tail Command in Linux" loading="lazy" width="984" height="332" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/04/Use-live-monitoring-of-file-in-linux-using-the-tail-command.gif 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/Use-live-monitoring-of-file-in-linux-using-the-tail-command.gif 984w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p>Sysadmins and developers <a href="https://linuxhandbook.com/watch-logs-real-time/?ref=itsfoss.com">use it to watch log files in real-time</a>. It helps in troubleshooting. </p><div class="kg-card kg-callout-card kg-callout-card-green"><div class="kg-callout-emoji">&#x1F3CB;&#xFE0F;</div><div class="kg-callout-text">The <code>tail -F</code> is lesser known but slightly better option. In some server configurations, the log files are rotated and created (with the same name again). The <code>tail -f</code> command will not track changes if the file was recreated. However, <code>tail -F</code> will wait for the file to be created and continue monitoring it.&#xA0;</div></div><p>Pretty cool! Isn&apos;t it?</p><h2 id="quick-summary-of-tail-command-options">Quick summary of tail command options</h2><p>Here&apos;s a brief summary covering everything I&apos;ve mentioned so far in this tutorial:</p><!--kg-card-begin: html--><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Option</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>-n &lt;number&gt;</code></td>
<td>Display N lines from the end of the file</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>-n +&lt;number&gt;</code></td>
<td>Print everything from the Nth line</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>-v</code></td>
<td>Include filename in the output header</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>-q</code></td>
<td>Removes the filenames from the output</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>-f</code></td>
<td>Monitor the changes made to the file in real-time</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>-F</code></td>
<td>Monitor changes in real-time, wait for file to be (re)created</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table><!--kg-card-end: html--><h2 id="%F0%9F%96%A5%EF%B8%8F-practice-what-you-learn">&#x1F5A5;&#xFE0F; Practice what you learn</h2><p>If you want to test your recently learned knowledge of the tail command, here&apos;s some exercise for you.</p><p><a href="https://github.com/itsfoss/text-files/blob/master/agatha.txt?ref=itsfoss.com">Download the agatha.txt file</a> from our GitHub repository.</p><p>Now do the following.</p><ol><li>Print the last 12 lines of the file</li><li>Print only the last line of the file</li><li>Add the filename to output while displaying the lines starting from line 15</li><li>Print only the 11th line (combine it with the head command)</li></ol><p>You can discuss the practice questions in the community:</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.community/?ref=itsfoss.com"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">It&#x2019;s FOSS Community</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">A place for desktop Linux users and It&#x2019;s FOSS readers</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.community/uploads/default/optimized/1X/f274f9749e3fd8b4d6fbae1cf90c5c186d2f699c_2_180x180.png" alt="Using tail Command in Linux"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS Community</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.community/uploads/default/original/1X/f274f9749e3fd8b4d6fbae1cf90c5c186d2f699c.png" alt="Using tail Command in Linux"></div></a></figure><p>If you are absolutely new to the command line, we have a good starting point for you.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/tag/terminal-basics/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Linux Command Tutorials for Absolute Beginners</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Never used Linux commands before? No worries. This tutorial series is for absolute beginners to the Linux terminal.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="Using tail Command in Linux"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/03/terminal-basics-series-tag.png" alt="Using tail Command in Linux"></div></a></figure><p>&#x1F5E8; We&apos;ll be sharing more Linux command examples every week. Stay tuned for more. And if you have questions or suggestions, the comment section is all yours. </p>


link: https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-prevent-sleep/
encoded_syndication_url: aHR0cHM6Ly9pdHNmb3NzLmNvbS9mZWVk
read: False
type: Rss
title: How to Prevent Ubuntu from Going into Sleep Mode
categories: Ubuntu
description:
Leave the system for five minutes and it goes into sleep mode? Here's what you can do to get rid of this annoyance.

content:
<img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/prevent-ubuntu-from-sleep.png" alt="How to Prevent Ubuntu from Going into Sleep Mode"><p>You must have noticed it. You have installed Ubuntu and it seems all good. You leave the system inactive for five minutes or so and it is locked!</p><p>You enter your account password and log back in. So far, so good. But you leave it for a few minutes again and it gets locked again. </p><p>You have to enter your password again. And it goes on.</p><p>For laptops, it is even worse. The laptop goes into sleep mode, forcing you to use the power button to wake it from sleep.</p><p>This is annoying. It&apos;s frustrating to enter the password again and again because you left the system unattended. The good thing is that you don&apos;t have to live like this forever.</p><p>It is due to the default power-saving settings in Ubuntu and you can easily change it.</p><div class="kg-card kg-callout-card kg-callout-card-blue"><div class="kg-callout-emoji">&#x1F4CB;</div><div class="kg-callout-text">I have noticed the same behavior in Fedora so it&apos;s not exclusive to Ubuntu. It is GNOME desktop&apos;s settings. And the steps mentioned here should be applicable to other distributions using the GNOME desktop environment.</div></div><p>Press the Super key (Windows key) and search for settings.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/gnome-system-settings.png" class="kg-image" alt="How to Prevent Ubuntu from Going into Sleep Mode" loading="lazy" width="2000" height="545" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/gnome-system-settings.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/gnome-system-settings.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1600/2023/06/gnome-system-settings.png 1600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w2400/2023/06/gnome-system-settings.png 2400w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><h2 id="prevent-screen-locking">Prevent screen locking</h2><p>In the Settings application, go to Power settings. Under the Power Saving Options, you should see a few options of interest.</p><p>For example, you can change the screen blank settings from the default 5 minutes to up to 15 minutes. </p><p>You can also disable the screen dimming entirely by choosing Never. This way, the screen never dims and never locks.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/disable-auto-dim-screen-ubuntu.webp" class="kg-image" alt="How to Prevent Ubuntu from Going into Sleep Mode" loading="lazy" width="1920" height="1503" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/disable-auto-dim-screen-ubuntu.webp 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/disable-auto-dim-screen-ubuntu.webp 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1600/2023/06/disable-auto-dim-screen-ubuntu.webp 1600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/disable-auto-dim-screen-ubuntu.webp 1920w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"><figcaption>Click to enlarge</figcaption></figure><p>That takes care of screen dimming and locking. Let&apos;s handle the automatic suspend issue.</p><h2 id="prevent-automatic-sleep">Prevent automatic sleep </h2><div class="kg-card kg-callout-card kg-callout-card-blue"><div class="kg-callout-emoji">&#x1F4CB;</div><div class="kg-callout-text">Suspend and sleep means the same in Ubuntu&apos;s context. More <a href="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UnderstandingSuspend?ref=itsfoss.com">info here</a>.</div></div><p>Another setting you should change here is the Automatic Susepend. You can turn it off completely or change its time interval.</p><p>This way, Ubuntu will not go in sleep mode and you don&apos;t have to push the power button and then enter your password again to access the system.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/disable-automatic-suspend-ubuntu.webp" class="kg-image" alt="How to Prevent Ubuntu from Going into Sleep Mode" loading="lazy" width="1920" height="1381" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/disable-automatic-suspend-ubuntu.webp 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/disable-automatic-suspend-ubuntu.webp 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1600/2023/06/disable-automatic-suspend-ubuntu.webp 1600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/disable-automatic-suspend-ubuntu.webp 1920w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"><figcaption>Click to enlarge</figcaption></figure><p>If you don&apos;t want to change the power settings but also like the option to disable screen locking, there is a handy tool you could use.</p><h2 id="alternatively-use-the-caffeine-app">Alternatively, use the Caffeine app</h2><p>The idea is to give some caffeine (coffee) to your Linux system so that it does not sleep.</p><p>Let&apos;s see how to brew it. I mean how to use it.</p><p>First, install Caffeine on your Ubuntu system. You can look for it in the software center and install it from there.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/install-caffeine-ubuntu.png" class="kg-image" alt="How to Prevent Ubuntu from Going into Sleep Mode" loading="lazy" width="1908" height="786" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/install-caffeine-ubuntu.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/install-caffeine-ubuntu.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1600/2023/06/install-caffeine-ubuntu.png 1600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/install-caffeine-ubuntu.png 1908w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p>Alternatively, you can use the following command in the terminal:</p><pre><code>sudo apt install caffeine</code></pre><p>Once installed, search for it in the activity area (press the Windows key and type caffeine).</p><p>Start the Caffeine Indicator as it comes with an applet indicator that sits on the top panel.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/start-caffeine-app.png" class="kg-image" alt="How to Prevent Ubuntu from Going into Sleep Mode" loading="lazy" width="2000" height="710" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/start-caffeine-app.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/start-caffeine-app.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1600/2023/06/start-caffeine-app.png 1600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w2400/2023/06/start-caffeine-app.png 2400w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p>You&apos;ll now notice a coffee icon in the top panel. Click on it and click enable to activate the app.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/enable-caffeine-app-ubuntu.png" class="kg-image" alt="How to Prevent Ubuntu from Going into Sleep Mode" loading="lazy" width="2000" height="710" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/enable-caffeine-app-ubuntu.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/enable-caffeine-app-ubuntu.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1600/2023/06/enable-caffeine-app-ubuntu.png 1600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w2400/2023/06/enable-caffeine-app-ubuntu.png 2400w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p>That&apos;s it. As long as your system is on caffeine, it won&apos;t sleep &#x1F609;</p><p>Once you want to go back to normal behavior, deactivate the Caffeine app the same way you activated it.</p><h2 id="more-power-settings-tweaks">More power settings tweaks</h2><p>If you want to keep the laptop lid closed while it is connected to external monitors, here&apos;s what you can do.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/laptop-lid-suspend-ubuntu/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Make Ubuntu Not Go in Suspend When Laptop Lid is Closed</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">If you use Ubuntu on a laptop, you might have noticed that the system is suspended when you close the lid. That&#x2019;s the expected behavior. It saves the battery as well as your work. You lift the lid, the system wakes up, and you can log in and continue</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="How to Prevent Ubuntu from Going into Sleep Mode"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Abhishek Prakash</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2022/08/ubuntu-laptop-lid-closing-behavior.png" alt="How to Prevent Ubuntu from Going into Sleep Mode"></div></a></figure><p>I hope this quick little tutorial helped you prevent Ubuntu from going into sleep mode.</p><p>Let me know if you have questions or suggestions.</p>


link: https://itsfoss.com/cowsay/
encoded_syndication_url: aHR0cHM6Ly9pdHNmb3NzLmNvbS9mZWVk
read: False
type: Rss
title: Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal
categories: Terminal Fun
description:
The cowsay is a fun little Linux command line utility that can be enjoyed in so many ways. Here are several examples.

content:
<img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cowsay-linux-1.png" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal"><p>The Linux terminal can be a fun place if you want it to be.</p><p>Of course, it is used for serious work but you have <a href="https://itsfoss.com/funny-linux-commands/">funny Linux commands</a> to amuse yourself.</p><p>The cowsay is one such tool. It gives you a cow in the terminal.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cowsay-linux.png" class="kg-image" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal" loading="lazy" width="766" height="263" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/cowsay-linux.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cowsay-linux.png 766w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"><figcaption>Yes, that&apos;s a cow in case you have difficulty recognizing it ;)</figcaption></figure><p>The thing about cowsay is that it could be used for &apos;serious work&apos; if combined with other commands. One such example is using it to display the &apos;message of the day&apos; on a shared Linux server with multiple users.</p><p>Sounds interesting? Time to &#x336;m&#x336;i&#x336;l&#x336;k&#x336; install it.</p><h2 id="install-cowsay">Install Cowsay</h2><p>Cowsay is a popular tool and it is available in the repositories of most Linux distributions.</p><p>To install cowsay in Debian and Ubuntu system, open a terminal and run:</p><pre><code>sudo apt install cowsay</code></pre><p>For Fedora, use:</p><pre><code>sudo dnf install cowsay</code></pre><p>And in Arch Linux based distros, use:</p><pre><code>sudo pacman -S cowsay</code></pre><h2 id="using-cowsay">Using Cowsay</h2><p>As the name suggests, this is an ASCII talking cow, that outputs text provided as its input. By default, cowsay provides several options to tweak the look and appearance of the ASCII cow.</p><h3 id="normal-cowsay">Normal Cowsay</h3><pre><code>cowsay &lt;Text&gt;</code></pre><p>This will print whatever text you provided in a speechbubble with the cow .</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/normal-cowsay.svg" class="kg-image" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="386"><figcaption>Cowsay</figcaption></figure><p>Or you can provide output of another command, say <code>echo</code> as input to cowsay using pipes redirection.</p><pre><code>echo &quot;Hello&quot; | cowsay</code></pre><h3 id="greedy-cow">Greedy Cow</h3><p>Here, cow appears to be greedy, with Dollar eyes.</p><pre><code>cowsay -g &lt;message&gt;</code></pre><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/greedy-cowsay.svg" class="kg-image" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="386"><figcaption>Greedy Cowsay</figcaption></figure><h3 id="use-special-characters-as-eyes">Use Special Characters as eyes</h3><p>You can use the <code>-e</code> option, and then provide two characters that you want to appear as eyes. The default is &#x201C;OO&#x201D;.</p><pre><code>cowsay -e hh &lt;hello&gt;</code></pre><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cowsay-special-eyes.svg" class="kg-image" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="386"><figcaption>Special Eyes</figcaption></figure><p>Here, in the above screenshots, two &#x201C;h&#x201D; will appear in place of eyes.</p><div class="kg-card kg-callout-card kg-callout-card-red"><div class="kg-callout-emoji">&#x1F6A7;</div><div class="kg-callout-text">If the characters entered by you has already been used by any of the default option, say $$, then it is lost.</div></div><h3 id="use-another-character-instead-of-the-cow">Use another character instead of the cow</h3><p>Cowsay provides many other ASCII images also, which you can use through the option <code>-f</code>. </p><p>List them with option <code>-l</code>:</p><pre><code>cowsay -l</code></pre><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cowsay-files.png" class="kg-image" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal" loading="lazy" width="1351" height="529" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/cowsay-files.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/cowsay-files.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cowsay-files.png 1351w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"><figcaption>Various default cowsay cow files</figcaption></figure><p>Now, to print one of the above images, use:</p><pre><code>cowsay -f &lt;cowfile name&gt; &lt;message&gt;</code></pre><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cowsay-different-inbuilt-files.svg" class="kg-image" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="603"><figcaption>Different Images</figcaption></figure><p>Similarly, in newer versions, you can use <code>-r</code> option to randomly print one of the above images.</p><pre><code>cowsay -r Hello</code></pre><h3 id="other-options">Other options</h3><!--kg-card-begin: markdown--><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Option</th>
<th>Use</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>-b</td>
<td>Invokes Borg mode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>-d</td>
<td>Causes the cow to appear dead</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>-p</td>
<td>Causes a state of paranoia to come over the cow</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>-s</td>
<td>Makes the cow appear thoroughly stoned</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>-t</td>
<td>A tired cow</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>-y</td>
<td>Brings on the cow&#x2019;s youthful appearance</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<!--kg-card-end: markdown--><h2 id="using-cowthink">Using Cowthink</h2><p>Cowthink is an adjoint program that come with cowsay. Instead of the speach bubble, it displays the thought bubble. It will make more sense to you if you are familiar with comic book notations.</p><pre><code>cowthink Hello</code></pre><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cowthink-normal.svg" class="kg-image" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="386"><figcaption>Cowthink</figcaption></figure><p>All the options that were mentioned with cowsay will work here as well.</p><h2 id="using-cowsay-with-fortune">Using Cowsay with Fortune</h2><p>With the help of pipe redirection, you can use cowsay along with another popular fun Linux command, the <code>fortune</code> command.</p><div class="kg-card kg-callout-card kg-callout-card-green"><div class="kg-callout-emoji">&#x1F4A1;</div><div class="kg-callout-text">Install fortune and lolcat in Ubuntu using <code>sudo apt install fortune lolcat</code></div></div><p>For those of you, who don&#x2019;t know what <code>fortune</code>, it is a small program, that prints quotes from famous persons on a terminal. You can run it as a standalone command like:</p><pre><code>fortune</code></pre><p>To simply print what fortune says using cowsay, run:</p><pre><code>fortune | cowsay</code></pre><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fortune-cowsay.svg" class="kg-image" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="386"></figure><p>You can also add the cowsay options to make it better:</p><pre><code>fortune | cowsay -f dragon </code></pre><h2 id="using-a-colorful-cow-with-lolcat">Using a colorful cow with lolcat</h2><p>Many of you know lolcat and its rainbow effects on texts. So why not use it along with the above programs? All you have to do is to pipe the cowsay command to lolcat. </p><pre><code>cowsay Hello | lolcat</code></pre><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cowsay-lolcat.svg" class="kg-image" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="386"><figcaption>Cowsay Lolcat</figcaption></figure><p>Now, if you want to add <code>fortune</code> and various <code>cowsay</code> options along with this, use all such options and pipe the entire thing to lolcat, like this:</p><pre><code>fortune | cowsay -f tux | lolcat
fortune | cowthink -f tux | lolcat</code></pre><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/-cowsay-fortune-lolcat-tux.svg" class="kg-image" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="603"><figcaption>Cowsay, Tux, Fortune and Lolcat</figcaption></figure><h2 id="third-party-cow-files-for-advanced-users">Third-party cow files (for advanced users)</h2><p>Not interested in the default cowsay cow files? Do not worry, there are a huge number of different cowfiles out there, created by enthusiast developers. Two of them, I will mention here. <a href="https://github.com/bkendzior/cowfiles?ref=itsfoss.com">https://github.com/bkendzior/cowfiles</a> and <a href="https://github.com/paulkaefer/cowsay-files?ref=itsfoss.com">https://github.com/paulkaefer/cowsay-files</a></p><p>You can either install the cowfiles from these repositories as mentioned on their README, or just download the required cowfile (.cow) from the repository and paste them on <code>/usr/share/cowsay/site-cows/</code>. Now, you can access that cowfile using its name:</p><pre><code>cowsay -f &lt;new file name&gt; Hello</code></pre><p>You can see in the screenshot I have used a downloaded cow file, called C3PO.cow.</p><p>For those of you, who want to create your own images, you can visit <a href="https://charc0al.github.io/cowsay-files/converter/?ref=itsfoss.com">Charc0al&#x2019;s cowsay file</a>.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/charcoal-cowfiles.png" class="kg-image" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal" loading="lazy" width="1583" height="950" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/charcoal-cowfiles.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/charcoal-cowfiles.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/charcoal-cowfiles.png 1583w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"><figcaption>Third Party Cowfiles</figcaption></figure><p>Here, you can either download the existing files, or convert some of your images (recommend no larger than 50 &#xD7; 50) for the purpose.</p><h2 id="other-funny-uses">Other funny uses</h2><p><strong>Use cowsay prompt to enter password in sudo commands:</strong></p><pre><code>sudo -p &quot;$(cowsay &apos;If you know the password, enter it here. Or just go away:&apos;)&quot; &lt;command&gt;</code></pre><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cowsay-sudo-prompt.svg" class="kg-image" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal" loading="lazy" width="1240" height="603"><figcaption>Cowsay Sudo prompt</figcaption></figure><p><strong>Make cowsay as an entry to your bash config, so you are greeted every time you open the terminal.</strong></p><ul><li>For newer cowsay versions, like those in Fedora, add <code>fortune | cowsay -r | lolcat</code> to your <code>~/.bashrc</code>. Now, each time, you open the terminal, a new cowfile with a different quote will be printed.</li><li>For older versions of cowsay, where you cannot get the random (-r) option, you can get different files manually, and use <code>fortune | cowsay -f &lt;name of particular cowfile to use&gt; | lolcat</code>.</li></ul><p><strong>Make other commands show output using cowsay</strong></p><p>You can make commands like <code>lsblk</code> to print the output using cowsay. Just pipe those commands.</p><pre><code>lsblk | cowsay</code></pre><p><strong>Use cowsay-beefymiracle in Fedora</strong></p><p><code>beefymiracle</code> is a cowsay package available in Fedora. The cow is turned into beef here (my vegetarian heart cries &#x1F622;).</p><p>Use the below command to install it:</p><pre><code>sudo dnf install cowsay-beefymiracle</code></pre><p>Now, run:</p><pre><code>cowsay -f beefymiracle &lt;message&gt;</code></pre><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cowsay-beefymiracle-fedora.png" class="kg-image" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal" loading="lazy" width="1428" height="655" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/cowsay-beefymiracle-fedora.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/cowsay-beefymiracle-fedora.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cowsay-beefymiracle-fedora.png 1428w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"><figcaption>Beef instead of cow but who killed the cow?</figcaption></figure><h2 id="bonus-xcowsay">Bonus: XCowsay</h2><p><code>xcowsay</code> is a graphical alternative to the normal cowsay. Here, the cow is no more ASCII, but a proper image. You can install it by:</p><pre><code>sudo apt install xcowsay</code></pre><p>Now run:</p><pre><code>xcowsay &lt;message&gt;</code></pre><p>This will display the graphical cow for a specific amount of time according to the length of the text, and then disappears. <strong>You can click on it to hide it immediately, though.</strong></p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/xcowsay-normal.png" class="kg-image" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal" loading="lazy" width="1144" height="422" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/xcowsay-normal.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/xcowsay-normal.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/xcowsay-normal.png 1144w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"><figcaption><code>xcowsay</code> command</figcaption></figure><p>What is more interesting is the cow can &apos;dream&apos; images instead of texts. Or even the cow image can be changed to random images. </p><p>Use either:</p><pre><code>xcowsay --dream=file

OR

xcowsay --image=file --dream=file</code></pre><figure class="kg-card kg-gallery-card kg-width-wide kg-card-hascaption"><div class="kg-gallery-container"><div class="kg-gallery-row"><div class="kg-gallery-image"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/custom-image-in-xcowsay.png" width="1215" height="725" loading="lazy" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/custom-image-in-xcowsay.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/custom-image-in-xcowsay.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/custom-image-in-xcowsay.png 1215w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></div><div class="kg-gallery-image"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/xcowsay-random-image-both.png" width="1394" height="721" loading="lazy" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal" srcset="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w600/2023/06/xcowsay-random-image-both.png 600w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1000/2023/06/xcowsay-random-image-both.png 1000w, https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/xcowsay-random-image-both.png 1394w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></div></div></div><figcaption>Random Images in XCowsay</figcaption></figure><p>You can explore the man page of <code>xcowsay</code> for more options.</p><h2 id="more-ascii-fun-in-the-terminal">More ASCII fun in the terminal</h2><p>Love ASCII? How about displaying your distribution&apos;s logo in ASCII format with <a href="https://itsfoss.com/using-neofetch/">Neoftech</a>?</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/display-linux-logo-in-ascii/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Display Linux Distribution Logo in ASCII Art in Terminal</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Wondering how they display Linux logo in terminal? With these tools, you can display logo of your Linux distribution in ASCII art in the Linux terminal.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Abhishek Prakash</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2015/10/display-linux-logo-ascii-terminal.jpeg" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal"></div></a></figure><p>Why restrict with logo? Here are more ASCII tools for Linux terminal.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/ascii-art-linux-terminal/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">10 Tools to Generate and Have Fun With ASCII Art in Linux Terminal</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Linux terminal is not as scary as you think. Of course, it could be intimidating in the beginning but once you know the terminal better, you start loving it. You are likely to use the terminal for serious work. But there are many fun stuff you can do in the</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Abhishek Prakash</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2022/07/ascii-art-tools-linux.png" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal"></div></a></figure><p>Don&apos;t stop the fun in the terminal.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/funny-linux-commands/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">12 Linux Commands to Have Some Fun in the Terminal</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">So, you think Linux terminal is all work and no fun? These funny Linux commands will prove you wrong. The Linux terminal is the place to get serious work done. We have plenty of useful linux command tips and tricks to help you with that. But, did you know that</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Community</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2020/04/fun-linux-commands.png" alt="Moo! There is a Cow in My Linux Terminal"></div></a></figure><p>I hope you liked this tutorial on using cowsay in various formats. It&apos;s amazing that this little tool comes with so many options and there are so many ways to use it.</p><p>Which cowsay example did you like the most here? Don&apos;t say beef one &#x1F494;</p>


link: https://itsfoss.com/newsletter/foss-weekly-23-22/
encoded_syndication_url: aHR0cHM6Ly9pdHNmb3NzLmNvbS9mZWVk
read: False
type: Rss
title: FOSS Weekly #23.22: Immutable Ubuntu Edition, Face Unlock and More Linux Stuff
categories: Newsletter
description:
Seems like Ubuntu is gearing up for an immutable desktop variant in 2024. Other than that, stream full HD with Netflix on Linux.

content:
<img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/foss-weekly-23-22.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.22: Immutable Ubuntu Edition, Face Unlock and More Linux Stuff"><p>Immutable is the new buzzword in the Linux world. Started with container-focused working environments, and it is also coming to desktop variants. </p><p>With Fedora already there, Ubuntu is also planning for a Snap-based immutable desktop edition in 2024.</p><p>Seems like <a href="https://itsfoss.com/immutable-linux-distros/#what-is-an-immutable-linux-distro">immutability</a> is the future of Linux. </p><p><strong>&#x1F4AC; Let&apos;s see what else you have in this edition of FOSS Weekly:</strong></p><ul><li>First look at Sniffnet, a Rust-based network monitoring tool</li><li>Using face unlocking in Linux</li><li>And other Linux news, videos, puzzles and, of course, memes!</li></ul><hr><h2 id="%F0%9F%93%B0-linux-news">&#x1F4F0; Linux news</h2><ul><li>The Budgie-flavored Fedora Onyx is <a href="https://news.itsfoss.com/fedora-onyx-official/?ref=itsfoss.com">all set</a> to be a new immutable Fedora Variant.</li><li>PyPI recently had to <a href="https://news.itsfoss.com/pypi-subpoenaed/?ref=itsfoss.com">share user data</a> with the US Department of Justice.</li><li>Microsoft has made Azure Linux<a href="https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/azure-infrastructure-blog/introducing-the-azure-linux-container-host-for-aks/ba-p/3824101?ref=itsfoss.com"> generally available</a> as a container host for Azure Kubernetes.</li><li>Mozilla introduced a <a href="https://blog.thunderbird.net/2023/05/introducing-the-brand-new-thunderbird-logo/?ref=itsfoss.com">brand-new logo</a> for the Thunderbird email client.</li><li>MX Linux 23 Beta is <a href="https://mxlinux.org/blog/mx-23-libretto-beta-1-now-available-for-testing-purposes/?ref=itsfoss.com">now available</a> for testing.</li></ul><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://news.itsfoss.com/ubuntu-all-snap-desktop/?ref=itsfoss.com"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Snap-based Immutable Ubuntu Desktop to Come With 24.04 LTS!</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Ubuntu is likely to offer an immutable desktop option based on Snap with the release of Ubuntu 24.04 LTS.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/08/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.22: Immutable Ubuntu Edition, Face Unlock and More Linux Stuff"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS News</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Sourav Rudra</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/05/ubuntu-all-snap-desktop.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.22: Immutable Ubuntu Edition, Face Unlock and More Linux Stuff"></div></a></figure><hr><h2 id="%F0%9F%A7%A0-what-we%E2%80%99re-thinking-about">&#x1F9E0; What we&#x2019;re thinking about</h2><p>There is no cloud. It&apos;s just someone else&apos;s computer. Own your computer. Or should I say, own your servers?</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://puri.sm/posts/introducing-the-librem-server-v2/?ref=itsfoss.com"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Introducing the Librem Server v2 &#x2013; Purism</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Purism makes premium phones, laptops, mini PCs and servers running free software on PureOS. Purism products respect people&#x2019;s privacy and freedom while protecting their security.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://puri.sm/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/cropped-purism-logo-rectangle-1-270x270.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.22: Immutable Ubuntu Edition, Face Unlock and More Linux Stuff"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">Purism</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">see all</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://puri.sm/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/server-persp-800.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.22: Immutable Ubuntu Edition, Face Unlock and More Linux Stuff"></div></a></figure><hr><h2 id="%F0%9F%9B%8D%EF%B8%8F-interesting-offers-for-linux-users">&#x1F6CD;&#xFE0F; Interesting offers for Linux users</h2><p>Unleash the creative power of Blender, the free and open-source software tool for 3D artists, with this bundle of books from Packt.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://www.humblebundle.com/books/blender-animation-and-games-packt-books?partner=itsfoss&amp;ref=itsfoss.com"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">Humble Tech Book Bundle: Blender Animation and Games by Packt</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">We&#x2019;ve teamed up with Packt for our newest bundle. Get books like Game Development with Blender and Godot. Plus, pay what you want &amp; support charity!</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://cdn.humblebundle.com/static/hashed/03df0490a53d595fd930f9fff52038366d60a05d.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.22: Immutable Ubuntu Edition, Face Unlock and More Linux Stuff"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">Humble Bundle</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://hb.imgix.net/7f272b3fc868b9d190ad8e9da7031f7c69b960d3.jpg?auto=compress,format&amp;h=630&amp;w=1200&amp;s=1ea5184912b92c0fa0ffd93b722adbea" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.22: Immutable Ubuntu Edition, Face Unlock and More Linux Stuff"></div></a></figure><hr><h2 id="%F0%9F%A7%AE-tips-and-tutorials">&#x1F9EE; Tips and Tutorials</h2><p>Even though Snap packages are updated automatically, you can still control updates manually. Learn more on the update mechanism of Snap.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-bookmark-card"><a class="kg-bookmark-container" href="https://itsfoss.com/snap-update/"><div class="kg-bookmark-content"><div class="kg-bookmark-title">How to Update Snap Packages in Ubuntu</div><div class="kg-bookmark-description">Snap packages are automatically updated. But you can still control the updates manually. Learn all about Snap updates here.</div><div class="kg-bookmark-metadata"><img class="kg-bookmark-icon" src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.22: Immutable Ubuntu Edition, Face Unlock and More Linux Stuff"><span class="kg-bookmark-author">It&apos;s FOSS</span><span class="kg-bookmark-publisher">Abhishek Prakash</span></div></div><div class="kg-bookmark-thumbnail"><img src="https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/05/update-snap-packages-in-ubuntu.png" alt="FOSS Weekly #23.22: Immutable Ubuntu Edition, Face Unlock and More Linux Stuff"></div></a></figure><p>By default, Netflix only streams in 720p which is not even considered HD anymore. 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link: https://fedoramagazine.org/how-to-use-testing-farm-outside-of-rhel/
encoded_syndication_url: aHR0cDovL2ZlZG9yYW1hZ2F6aW5lLm9yZy9mZWVkLw==
read: False
type: Rss
title: How to use Testing Farm outside of RHEL
categories: For Developers|ci|GitHub|kafka|Packit|strimzi|testing
comments_url: https://fedoramagazine.org/how-to-use-testing-farm-outside-of-rhel/feed/
description:
Find out how to on-board a strimzi-kafka-operator test suite to a testing-farm. Create a test plan in fmf, define the jobs for packit-as-a-service, and run tests in the testing-farm environment.

content:
<p>Continuous integration in public projects is widely used. But it has limitations such as the size of the resources and the execution time. For instance, when you use GitHub actions free tier, you are limited to agents with 2cpu and 7GiB of memory and a total execution time of 2000 minutes per month. Similar limitations are used by other CI providers like Azure Pipelines or Travis CI. The mentioned CI systems are popular. But for some use cases, free tier is not enough. Fortunately, for community projects which are maintained or co-maintained by Red Hat or Fedora/CentOS projects, there is Testing Farm.</p>



<span id="more-38493"></span>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Testing Farm</h2>



<p><a href="https://docs.testing-farm.io/general/0.1/index.html"><u>Testing Farm</u></a> is an open-source testing system offered as a service. Users can use Testing Farm in many ways &#8212; use CLI from the user&#8217;s local machine to create a machine for running the tests, integrate it into the project as a CI check via <a href="https://github.com/sclorg/testing-farm-as-github-action"><u>GitHub Actions</u></a> or <a href="https://packit.dev/"><u>Packit</u></a>, or just send HTTP requests to the service <a href="https://testing-farm.gitlab.io/api/"><u>API</u></a> with desired requirements.</p>



<p>The tests are defined via <a href="https://tmt.readthedocs.io/"><u>tmt</u></a> &#8212; Test Management Tool &#8212; that allows users to manage and execute tests in different environments. In case you are interested in more details about how Fedora manages the testing via tmt check the <a href="https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/ci/tmt/"><u>Fedora CI documentation</u></a>.</p>



<p>This blog post will focus on how to use Testing Farm with projects that have tests written and managed in different testing frameworks like JUnit.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Strimzi e2e tests</h3>



<p>As a reference project we use <a href="https://github.com/strimzi/strimzi-kafka-operator"><u>strimzi-kafka-operator</u></a> and its test suite. Test suite is written in Java and uses the Junit5 test framework. As an execution environment it requires a Kubernetes platform like OpenShift, Minikube, EKS, or similar. Due to these requirements it is not easy to run the tests with the full potential of parallel tests execution on Azure (used as the main CI tool in Strimzi organization).</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">How to onboard</h3>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">Get the secret</h4>



<p>As the first step, you need to get access to the Testing Farm API. To achieve that you should follow the <a href="https://docs.testing-farm.io/general/0.1/onboarding.html"><u>onboarding guide</u></a> which is a part of the official documentation. This secret is specific to the user and is used for authentication and authorization to the service.</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">Add tmt to your project</h4>



<p>Even if users don&#8217;t use tmt for test case management, there are several parts to implement in the project to make Testing Farm understand your needs.</p>



<p>At first, you have to mark the root folder in your project with the <kbd>.fmf</kbd> directory, this can be done by using the <kbd>tmt init</kbd> command. For more details you can check our configuration in the Strimzi <a href="https://github.com/strimzi/strimzi-kafka-operator/tree/main/.fmf"><u>repository</u></a>.</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">Plan</h4>



<p>Plan for Testing Farm contains a test plan definition. This definition is composed of hardware requirements, preparation steps for creating a VM executor and specific plans. Specific plan defines selectors for tests that should be executed. As part of preparation steps we also spin-up the Minikube cluster and build and push Strimzi container images used during testing. On the bottom of the file we specify specific test plan names and its configuration for executions of specific tests defined later in this article.</p>



<p>You can see an example of our plan below.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-preformatted"># TMT test plan definition
# https://tmt.readthedocs.io/en/latest/overview.html

# Baseline common for all test plans
###########################################################
summary: Strimzi test suite
discover:
  how: fmf

# Required HW
provision:
  hardware:
    memory: "&gt;= 24 GiB"
    cpu:
      processors: "&gt;= 8"

# Install required packages and scripts for running strimzi suite
prepare:
  - name: Install packages
    how: install
    package:
      - wget
      - java-17-openjdk-devel
      - xz
      - make
      - git
      - zip
      - coreutils

... ommited

  - name: Build strimzi images
    how: shell
    script: |
      # build images
      eval $(minikube docker-env)
      ARCH=$(uname -m)
      if [[ ${ARCH} == "aarch64" ]]; then
        export DOCKER_BUILD_ARGS="--platform linux/arm64 --build-arg TARGETPLATFORM=linux/arm64"
      fi
      export MVN_ARGS="-B -DskipTests -Dmaven.javadoc.skip=true --no-transfer-progress"
      export DOCKER_REGISTRY="localhost:5000"
      export DOCKER_ORG="strimzi"
      export DOCKER_TAG="test"
      
      make java_install
      make docker_build
      make docker_tag
      make docker_push

# Discover tmt defined tests in tests/ folder
execute:
  how: tmt

# Post install step to copy logs
finish:
  how: shell
  script: ./systemtest/tmt/scripts/copy-logs.sh
###########################################################

/smoke:
  summary: Run smoke strimzi test suite
  discover+:
    test:
      - smoke

/regression-operators:
  summary: Run regression strimzi test suite
  discover+:
    test:
      - regression-operators

/regression-components:
  summary: Run regression strimzi test suite
  discover+:
    test:
      - regression-components

/kraft-operators:
  summary: Run regression kraft strimzi test suite
  discover+:
    test:
      - kraft-operators

/kraft-components:
  summary: Run regression kraft strimzi test suite
  discover+:
    test:
      - kraft-components

/upgrade:
  summary: Run upgrade strimzi test suite
  provision:
    hardware:
      memory: "&gt;= 8 GiB"
      cpu:
        processors: "&gt;= 4"
  discover+:
    test:
      - upgrade</pre>



<p>To see the full version check <a href="https://github.com/strimzi/strimzi-kafka-operator/blob/main/systemtest/tmt/plans/main.fmf">our repository</a>.</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">Tests</h4>



<p>As a next step we need to say how to execute tests. We created a <a href="https://github.com/strimzi/strimzi-kafka-operator/blob/main/systemtest/tmt/tests/strimzi/test.sh"><u>simple shell script</u></a> which just calls maven command to execute Strimzi test suite. We also defined metadata for tests which specify environment variables for test suites and also other configuration like timeout, end others.</p>



<p>In this test metadata example you can see that we specify default env variables and configuration and specific tests override this configuration.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-preformatted">test:
  ./test.sh
duration: 2h
environment:
  DOCKER_ORG: "strimzi"
  DOCKER_TAG: "test"
  TEST_LOG_DIR: "systemtest/target/logs"
  TESTS: ""
  TEST_GROUPS: ""
  EXCLUDED_TEST_GROUPS: "loadbalancer"
  CLUSTER_OPERATOR_INSTALLTYPE: bundle
adjust:
  - environment+:
      EXCLUDED_TEST_GROUPS: "loadbalancer,arm64unsupported"
    when: arch == aarch64, arm64

/smoke:
  summary: Run smoke strimzi test suite
  tag: [smoke]
  duration: 20m
  tier: 1
  environment+:
    TEST_PROFILE: smoke

/upgrade:
  summary: Run upgrade strimzi test suite
  tag: [strimzi, kafka, upgrade]
  duration: 5h
  tier: 2
  environment+:
    TEST_PROFILE: upgrade

/regression-operators:
  summary: Run regression strimzi test suite
  tag: [strimzi, kafka, regression, operators]
  duration: 10h
  tier: 2
  environment+:
    TEST_PROFILE: operators

/regression-components:
  summary: Run regression strimzi test suite
  tag: [strimzi, kafka, regression, components]
  duration: 12h
  tier: 2
  environment+:
    TEST_PROFILE: components

/kraft-operators:
  summary: Run regression kraft strimzi test suite
  tag: [strimzi, kafka, kraft, operators]
  duration: 8h
  tier: 2
  environment+:
    TEST_PROFILE: operators
    STRIMZI_FEATURE_GATES: "+UseKRaft,+StableConnectIdentities"

/kraft-components:
  summary: Run regression kraft strimzi test suite
  tag: [strimzi, kafka, kraft, components]
  duration: 8h
  tier: 2
  environment+:
    TEST_PROFILE: components
    STRIMZI_FEATURE_GATES: "+UseKRaft,+StableConnectIdentities"</pre>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">Run Testing Farm from command line</h4>



<p>Finally, we can try our changes via cmd. We need to have the Testing Farm CLI tool installed and also API token. To install Testing Farm CLI follow this <a href="https://gitlab.com/testing-farm/cli#user-content-installation" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><u>guide</u></a>.</p>



<p>For example, we can run a smoke test on fedora-38 with both architectures, which means x86_64 and aarch64 just by one command.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-preformatted">$ testing-farm request --compose Fedora-38 --git-url https://github.com/strimzi/strimzi-kafka-operator.git --git-ref main --arch x86_64,aarch64  --plan smoke

<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/1f4e6.png" alt="" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> repository https://github.com/strimzi/strimzi-kafka-operator.git ref main test-type fmf
<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/1f4bb.png" alt="" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> Fedora-38 on x86_64
<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/1f4bb.png" alt="" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> Fedora-38 on aarch64
<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/1f50e.png" alt="" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> api https://api.dev.testing-farm.io/v0.1/requests/*******-40ba-8a45-3c1fbe3da73a
<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/1f4a1.png" alt="" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> waiting for request to finish, use ctrl+c to skip
<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/1f476.png" alt="" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> request is waiting to be queued
<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/1f477.png" alt="" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> request is queued
<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/1f680.png" alt="" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> request is running
<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/14.0.0/72x72/1f6a2.png" alt="" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> artifacts https://artifacts.dev.testing-farm.io/*******-40ba-8a45-3c1fbe3da73a</pre>



<p>When the test run is completed we can see results in web UI.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="581" src="https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot_2023-06-15_at_13.33.12-1024x581.png" alt="" class="wp-image-38494" srcset="https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot_2023-06-15_at_13.33.12-1024x581.png 1024w, https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot_2023-06-15_at_13.33.12-300x170.png 300w, https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot_2023-06-15_at_13.33.12-768x435.png 768w, https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot_2023-06-15_at_13.33.12-1536x871.png 1536w, https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot_2023-06-15_at_13.33.12-2048x1161.png 2048w, https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot_2023-06-15_at_13.33.12-816x463.png 816w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Packit</h2>



<p>Testing Farm deals with resource problems. But we still need to deal with execution time limits. In Strimzi, our full regression takes around 20 hours which is insane to run on GitHub Actions and it is quite complicated to run it on Azure Pipelines. Here comes <a href="https://packit.dev/"><u>Packit</u></a> service.</p>



<p>Packit is an open-source project aiming to ease the integration of your project with Fedora Linux, CentOS Stream and other distributions. Packit is mostly used by projects that build RPM packages. However, it can be easily used only for triggering tests on Testing Farm.</p>



<p>To use Packit service users should follow the <a href="https://packit.dev/docs/guide/"><u>onboarding guide</u></a>. We are using Packit on GitHub so we just installed the application and granted access to our organization.</p>



<p>After finishing the onboarding, users can create a configuration file for Packit in the repository. You can see our small example below. Because we just want to run tests, we use jobs: tests but users can use different kinds of jobs and triggers. To see the full options for Packit we suggest checking the <a href="https://packit.dev/docs/configuration/"><u>documentation</u></a> or <a href="https://developers.redhat.com/articles/2022/08/16/how-set-packit-simplify-upstream-project-integration"><u>this blog post</u></a>.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-preformatted"># Default packit instance is a prod and only this is used
# stg instance is present for testing new packit features in forked repositories where stg is installed.
packit_instances: ["prod", "stg"]
upstream_project_url: https://github.com/strimzi/strimzi-kafka-operator
issue_repository: https://github.com/strimzi/strimzi-kafka-operator
jobs:
  - job: tests
    trigger: pull_request
    # Suffix for job name
    identifier: "upgrade"
    targets:
      # This target is not used at all by our tests, but it has to be one of the available - https://packit.dev/docs/configuration/#aliases
      - centos-stream-9-x86_64
      - centos-stream-9-aarch64
    # We don't need to build any packages for Fedora/RHEL/CentOS, it is not related to Strimzi tests
    skip_build: true
    manual_trigger: true
    labels:
      - upgrade
    tf_extra_params:
      test:
        fmf:
          name: upgrade
  ###########################################################

  - job: tests
    trigger: pull_request
    # Suffix for job name
    identifier: "regression-operators"
    targets:
      # This target is not used at all by our tests, but it has to be one of the available - https://packit.dev/docs/configuration/#aliases
      - centos-stream-9-x86_64
      - centos-stream-9-aarch64
    # We don't need to build any packages for Fedora/RHEL/CentOS, it is not related to Strimzi tests
    skip_build: true
    manual_trigger: true
    labels:
      - regression
      - operators
      - regression-operators
      - ro
    tf_extra_params:
      test:
        fmf:
          name: regression-operators
.. ommited</pre>



<p>The full <a href="https://github.com/strimzi/strimzi-kafka-operator/blob/main/.packit.yaml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><u>.packit.yaml</u></a> file is available on Strimzi GitHub.</p>



<p>If you successfully onboard to Packit service you will see the triggered check in GitHub pull request like on the picture bottom.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex">
<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="997" height="840" data-id="38495"  src="https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot_2023-06-15_at_14.08.51.png" alt="" class="wp-image-38495" srcset="https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot_2023-06-15_at_14.08.51.png 997w, https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot_2023-06-15_at_14.08.51-300x253.png 300w, https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot_2023-06-15_at_14.08.51-768x647.png 768w, https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/screenshot_2023-06-15_at_14.08.51-816x688.png 816w" sizes="(max-width: 997px) 100vw, 997px" /></figure>
</figure>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Conclusion</h2>



<p>In this article, you&#8217;ve seen how to set up and use Testing Farm together with Packit. These two services make your upstream project very easily built and tested and now nothing stops you from on-boarding and using it!</p>


link: https://fedoramagazine.org/using-postfix-dns-srv-record-resolution-feature/
encoded_syndication_url: aHR0cDovL2ZlZG9yYW1hZ2F6aW5lLm9yZy9mZWVkLw==
read: False
type: Rss
title: Using Postfix DNS SRV record resolution feature
description: Use Postfix's DNS SRV record resolution feature to locate email services.
categories: For System Administrators|DNS|Postfix|SRV
comments_url: https://fedoramagazine.org/using-postfix-dns-srv-record-resolution-feature/feed/
content:
<p>In March 2011 Apple Inc. proposed <a href="https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc6186.txt" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RFC 6186</a> that describes how domain name system service (DNS SRV) records should be used for locating email submission and accessing services. The design presented in the RFC is now supported by Postfix since version 3.8.0. With the new functionality, you can now use DNS SRV records for load distribution and auto-configuration.</p>



<span id="more-38466"></span>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">What does the DNS SRV record look like</h2>



<p>The DNS SRV records were defined in <a href="https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2782.txt" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RFC 2782</a> and are specified in zone files and contain the service name, transport protocol specification, priority, weight, port, and the host that provides the service.</p>



<p>_submission._tcp SRV 5 10 50 bruce.my-domain.com.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center"><strong>Field</strong></td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center"><strong>Value</strong></td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center"><strong>Meaning</strong></td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">service name</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">submission</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">service is named submission</td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">transport protocol specification</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">tcp</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">service is using TCP</td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">priority</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">5</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">servers priority is 5 (lower gets tried first)</td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">weight</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">10</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">portion of load the server should handle</td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">port</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">50</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">port where server listens for connections</td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">target</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">bruce.my-domain.com.</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">name of server providing this service</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Record explanation</figcaption></figure>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Server selection algorithm</h2>



<p>Clients should implement the resolution of SRV records as described in <a href="https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2782.txt" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RFC 2782</a>. That means, first contact the server with the highest priority (lowest priority field value). If the server does not respond, try to contact the next server with either the same or lower priority (higher priority field value). If there are multiple servers with the same priority, choose one randomly, but ensure the probability of choosing records conforms to the equation:</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="163" height="48" src="https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/probability_equation.png" alt="" class="wp-image-38468"/></figure>



<p>where <em>i</em>  is the identification of SRV record and <em>k</em> is the count of SRV records with the same priority.</p>



<p>In practice, this means that if you have two servers and one is 3 times as powerful as the other one, then you should give the first weight a value 3 times higher than the other one. This ensures the more powerful server will receive ~75% of client requests and the other one ~25%.</p>



<p>These principles allow SRV records to work as tools to both autoconfigure clients and distribute the workload among servers.</p>



<p>Consider the following example of such a set of records:</p>



<pre class="wp-block-preformatted">_submission._tcp 	SRV 0 0 2525 server-one
_submission._tcp 	SRV 1 75 2625 server-two
_submission._tcp 	SRV 1 25 2625 server-three</pre>



<p>Here <strong>server-one</strong> would always be contacted first. If <strong>server-one</strong> does not respond, the client will shuffle the two remaining records with priority 1, generate a random number from 0 to 100 and if the running sum of the first record is greater or equal, then try to contact it. Otherwise, the client contacts the servers in reverse order. Note that the client submits the request to the first server it successfully connects to.</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Configuration example</h2>



<p>Consider the following situation. You want to configure Postfix to relay outgoing emails through a company mail server by using SRV records for a large number of computers. To achieve this, you can configure the <strong>relayhost</strong> parameter in Postfix, which acts as a Mail User Agent (MUA) for each computer. If you set the value of the <strong>relayhost</strong> parameter to <strong>$mydomain</strong>, your machines start to look up MX records for your domain and attempt to submit mail in the order based on their priorities. While this approach works, you can encounter a problem with load balancing. Postfix uses the server with the highest priority until it becomes unresponsive and only then contacts any secondary servers. Additionally, if your environment uses dynamically assigned ports, you are not able to notify the clients what port is a particular server using. With SRV records, you can address these challenges and keep the servers running smoothly without peaks while changing the server&#8217;s port as needed.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Zone file</h3>



<p>To configure a DNS server to provide information to clients, see the following example zone file with servers one, two and three configured as relays and server four for receiving test mail.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-preformatted">$TTL  3600
@  	IN SOA  example-domain.com. root.example-domain.com. (
                1571655122 ; Serial number of zone file
                1200       ; Refresh time
                180        ; Retry time in case of problem
                1209600    ; Expiry time
                10800 )    ; Maximum caching time in case of failed lookups
;
   	IN NS   ns1
   	IN A    192.168.2.0
;
ns1	IN A    192.168.2.2
server-one           IN A   192.168.2.4
server-two           IN A   192.168.2.5
server-three         IN A   192.168.2.6
server-four          IN A   192.168.2.7
_submission._tcp     SRV 0 0 2525  server-one
_submission._tcp     SRV 1 50 2625 server-two
_submission._tcp     SRV 1 50 2625 server-three
@ MX 0 server-four</pre>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Postfix MUA configuration</h3>



<p>Configure client machines to look for SRV records:</p>



<pre class="wp-block-preformatted">use_srv_lookup = submission
relayhost = example-domain.com:submission</pre>



<p>With this configuration, Postfix instances on your client machines contact the DNS server for the <strong>example-domain</strong> and request the SRV records for mail submission. In this example, <strong>server-one</strong> has the highest priority and Postfix tries it first. Postfix then randomly selects one of the two remaining servers to try. The configuration ensures that server one will be contacted first approximately 50% of the time. Note that the weight value in the SRV records does not correspond with the percentage. You can achieve the same goal with the values 1 and 1.</p>



<p>Postfix also has the information that <strong>server-one</strong> listens on port 2525 and <strong>server-two</strong> on port 2625. If you are caching retrieved DNS records and you change the SRV records dynamically, it is important to set a low time to live (TTL) for your records.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Complete setup</h3>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="519" height="355" src="https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/srv_article.png" alt="" class="wp-image-38467" srcset="https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/srv_article.png 519w, https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/srv_article-300x205.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 519px) 100vw, 519px" /></figure>



<p>You can try this configuration with podman and compose file included here:</p>



<pre class="wp-block-preformatted">$ git clone https://github.com/TomasKorbar/srv_article
$ cd srv_article/environment
$ podman-compose up
$ podman exec -it article_client /bin/bash
root@client # ./senddummy.sh
root@client # exit</pre>



<p>After completing the configuration steps, you can check the logs to monitor, that the mail passes server one and is delivered to server four.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-preformatted">$ podman stop article_server1
$ podman exec -it article_client /bin/bash
root@client # ./senddummy.sh
root@client # ./senddummy.sh
root@client # ./senddummy.sh
root@client # ./senddummy.sh
root@client # ./senddummy.sh
root@client # ./senddummy.sh
root@client # exit</pre>



<p>Now that the first server is down, these six mails will be relayed by either server two or three.</p>



<p>Take a closer look at the Dockerfiles to understand the configuration more deeply.</p>



<p>Finish working with the example by executing: <kbd>$ podman-compose down</kbd></p>


link: https://fedoramagazine.org/use-systemd-cryptenroll-with-fido-u2f-or-tpm2-to-decrypt-your-disk/
encoded_syndication_url: aHR0cDovL2ZlZG9yYW1hZ2F6aW5lLm9yZy9mZWVkLw==
read: False
type: Rss
title: Use systemd-cryptenroll with FIDO U2F or TPM2 to decrypt your disk
categories: FAQs and Guides|FIDO|FIDO2|TPM|TPM2|U2F
comments_url: https://fedoramagazine.org/use-systemd-cryptenroll-with-fido-u2f-or-tpm2-to-decrypt-your-disk/feed/
description:
Find out how to use systemd-cryptenroll with a TPM2 chip or a FIDO U2F security key to unlock your LUKS partitions.

content:
<p>Fedora Workstation includes <a href="https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd-cryptenroll.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">systemd-cryptenroll</a> by default which makes adding alternative methods for unlocking <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_Unified_Key_Setup" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">LUKS</a> partitions fairly straight forward. This article shows how to use either a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted_Platform_Module" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">TPM2</a> chip or a FIDO U2F security key as an alternative factor to the passphrase when unlocking your LUKS partitions.</p>



<span id="more-38339"></span>



<p><strong>Note</strong>: <em>systemd-cryptenroll does not work with LUKS1. LUKS1 volumes must be upgraded to LUKS2 to work with systemd-cryptenroll. Fedora Linux has used LUKS2 by default since release 30, but users who are using LUKS volumes that were created on older Fedora Linux releases will need to upgrade their LUKS volumes. References: <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Dm-crypt/Device_encryption#Conversion_from_LUKS1_to_LUKS2_and_back" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">documentation</a>, <a href="https://discussion.fedoraproject.org/t/upgrade-from-luks-luks2-on-main-disk/81099" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">discussion</a></em></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Previous articles</h2>



<p>A TPM2 chip is a little piece of storage with secure APIs where you can store secrets protected by Secure Boot. Secure Boot establishes a chain of trust by computing hashes based on, for example, hardware or software components. This way you can store a LUKS decryption key which is only accessible if the system is in a non-tampered state (in theory). Unfortunately, this means you&#8217;ll want to measure things like your initramfs and kernel into this state which means invalidating this factor every time you do a system upgrade. FIDO U2F keys do not suffer from this problem as they are not tied to the hardware platform.</p>



<p>Check out my previous article about using an integrated TPM2 secure storage device to learn more in-depth specifics about how TPM2-based unlocking works and its security implications.</p>



<p>The previous article, however, uses clevis which adds additional dependencies and has a more complex interface than using the already present systemd-cryptenroll.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-fedora-magazine wp-block-embed-fedora-magazine"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper">
<blockquote class="wp-embedded-content" data-secret="mDA4rLuStM"><a href="https://fedoramagazine.org/automatically-decrypt-your-disk-using-tpm2/">Automatically decrypt your disk using TPM2</a></blockquote><iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" title="&#8220;Automatically decrypt your disk using TPM2&#8221; &#8212; Fedora Magazine" src="https://fedoramagazine.org/automatically-decrypt-your-disk-using-tpm2/embed/#?secret=jrXmhU0p7f#?secret=mDA4rLuStM" data-secret="mDA4rLuStM" width="600" height="338" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"></iframe>
</div></figure>



<p>A FIDO2 or FIDO U2F compliant key is an external storage device with secure APIs for storing and retrieving secrets. These keys can be used as a second- or sole-factor in authentication flows. Secrets never leave the device and verification is done on the client. So attack scenarios like fishing are mitigated by design as compared to other MFA (multi-factor authentication) technologies like TOTP (time-based one time passwords).</p>



<p>A previous post about FIDO U2F / FIDO2 keys here on Fedora Magazine showed how to set up those keys for Linux PAM authentication &#8211; primarily <em>sudo</em> and GNOME login.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-fedora-magazine wp-block-embed-fedora-magazine"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper">
<blockquote class="wp-embedded-content" data-secret="LmClpJCCo2"><a href="https://fedoramagazine.org/use-fido-u2f-security-keys-with-fedora-linux/">Use FIDO U2F security keys with Fedora Linux</a></blockquote><iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" title="&#8220;Use FIDO U2F security keys with Fedora Linux&#8221; &#8212; Fedora Magazine" src="https://fedoramagazine.org/use-fido-u2f-security-keys-with-fedora-linux/embed/#?secret=PecY0dIayo#?secret=LmClpJCCo2" data-secret="LmClpJCCo2" width="600" height="338" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"></iframe>
</div></figure>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Find your encrypted LUKS disks</h2>



<p>For the following sections you need the filesystem path(s) to your LUKS encrypted partition(s). Use <em>lsblk</em> to find them.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-preformatted" style="font-size: 0.75em">$> lsblk
NAME                  MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE  MOUNTPOINTS
sda                     8:0    1     0B  0 disk
sdb                     8:16   1     0B  0 disk
zram0                 252:0    0     8G  0 disk  [SWAP]
nvme0n1               259:0    0 476.9G  0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1           259:1    0   600M  0 part  /boot/efi
├─nvme0n1p2           259:2    0     1G  0 part  /boot
└─nvme0n1p3           259:3    0 475.4G  0 part
  └─luks-fdb98c38-... 253:0    0 475.3G  0 crypt /home
                                                 /
</pre>



<p>Find the partition number(s) hosting the <em>luks-</em> partition of type <em>crypt</em>. In this case that&#8217;d be <em>/dev/nvme0n1p3</em>. Use this path as target for the following sections.</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">(Maybe) Get rid of clevis</h2>



<p>Assuming you followed the previous post on using TPM2 you might want to unbind and remove clevis before proceeding with systemd-cryptenroll. Otherwise just skip this section.</p>



<p>First, remove any TPM2 binding from the LUKS secrets slots. Beware: do not remove slot 0 as it contains the passphrase binding!</p>



<pre class="wp-block-preformatted">$ sudo clevis luks list -d /dev/nvme0n1p3
... Slot 1 (or whichever is your TPM2 binding) ...
$ sudo clevis luks unbind -d /dev/nvme0n1p3 -s 1</pre>



<p>Now remove the clevis packages.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-preformatted">sudo dnf remove -y clevis clevis-luks clevis-dracut clevis-udisks2 clevis-systemd</pre>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Choose TPM2 or FIDO as an alternative decryption method</h2>



<p>The following steps are required for both methods. Choose one to your liking.</p>



<ul>
<li>Add the corresponding dracut module so support is available in the initramfs at boot</li>



<li>Enroll / bind a LUKS secret slot tied to either the TPM2 or the FIDO key</li>



<li>Update /etc/crypttab with the new configuration</li>



<li>Rebuild the initramfs to apply the changes</li>
</ul>



<p>It is important to run dracut last to not only include new dependencies but also your updated <em>crypttab</em> in the <em>initramfs</em>.</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Use systemd-cryptenroll with a FIDO U2F key</h2>



<p>Add the <em>fido2</em> dracut module to your dracut configuration.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-preformatted">$ echo "add_dracutmodules+=\" fido2 \"" | sudo tee /etc/dracut.conf.d/fido2.conf
add_dracutmodules+=" fido2 "</pre>



<p>Now enroll the FIDO key with your LUKS partition as an alternative decryption factor. See <a href="https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/systemd-cryptenroll.1.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">systemd-cryptenroll(1)</a> for options to control features like touch or pin prompt. By default presence and pin are requested for enrollment and use.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-preformatted">sudo systemd-cryptenroll --fido2-device auto /dev/nvmen1p3</pre>



<p>Update <em>/etc/crypttab</em> and append <em>fido2-device=auto</em> to the appropriate line&#8217;s options. A line in <em>crypttab</em> consists of four fields with the last one being a comma separated list.</p>



<p>Finally, rebuild your initramfs using dracut. The following command will rebuild your currently-booted initramfs slot.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-preformatted">sudo dracut -f</pre>



<p>Don&#8217;t worry about the FIDO key not working or about losing it since the passphrase is still available as a fallback.</p>



<p>You&#8217;ll now be prompted at boot to enter the PIN of your FIDO key. Be aware that the PIN entry prompt looks exactly the same as the passphrase prompt. You will notice a difference only when using the terminal (which you can view by hitting the <strong>ESC</strong> key). After entering the correct PIN the hardware token will prompt you to touch it which (also) is not indicated on the prompt. If it does not prompt for a touch, then <em>systemd-cryptenroll</em> was not able to find a hardware token corresponding to the entered PIN.</p>



<p><strong>Note</strong>: <em>systemd-cryptenroll does not currently work with multiple connected hardware tokens.</em></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Use systemd-cryptenroll with a TPM2 chip</h2>



<p>Add the <em>tpm2-tss</em> module to your dracut configuration.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-preformatted">$ echo "add_dracutmodules+=\" tpm2-tss \"" | sudo tee /etc/dracut.conf.d/tpm2.conf
add_dracutmodules+=" tpm2-tss "</pre>



<p>Enroll the TPM2 chip as alternative decryption factor for your LUKS partition(s). The <em>‐‐wipe-slot tpm2 </em>option ensures that after successful enrollment any previous bindings are removed. Use this command every time you need to update the binding.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-preformatted">sudo systemd-cryptenroll --wipe-slot tpm2 --tpm2-device auto --tpm2-pcrs "0+1+2+3+4+5+7+9" /dev/nvme0n1p3</pre>



<p>Update /etc/crypttab and append <em>tpm2-device=auto,tpm2-pcrs=0+1+2+3+4+5+7+9</em> to the appropriate line&#8217;s options, depending on the PCRs used. A line in crypttab consists of four fields with the last one being a plus separated list.</p>



<p>Last but not least, rebuild your <em>initramfs</em> using <em>dracut</em>. The following command will rebuild your currently booted <em>initramfs</em> slot.</p>



<pre class="wp-block-preformatted">sudo dracut -f</pre>


link: https://fedoramagazine.org/4-cool-new-projects-to-try-in-copr-for-june-2023/
encoded_syndication_url: aHR0cDovL2ZlZG9yYW1hZ2F6aW5lLm9yZy9mZWVkLw==
read: False
type: Rss
title: 4 cool new projects to try in COPR for June 2023
categories: Fedora Project community|Copr|free software|software|unsupported
comments_url: https://fedoramagazine.org/4-cool-new-projects-to-try-in-copr-for-june-2023/feed/
description:
Copr&#160;is a build-system for anyone in the Fedora community. It hosts thousands of projects for various purposes and audiences. Some of them should never be installed by anyone, some are already being transitioned to the official Fedora Linux repositories, and the rest is somewhere in between. Copr gives you the opportunity to install 3rd party [&#8230;]

content:
<p><a href="https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Copr</a>&nbsp;is a build-system for anyone in the Fedora community. It hosts thousands of projects for various purposes and audiences. Some of them should never be installed by anyone, some are already being transitioned to the official Fedora Linux repositories, and the rest is somewhere in between. Copr gives you the opportunity to install 3rd party software that is not available in Fedora Linux repositories, try nightly versions of your dependencies, use patched builds of your favorite tools to support some non-standard use-cases, and just experiment freely.</p>



<p>If you don&#8217;t know&nbsp;<a href="https://docs.pagure.org/copr.copr/how_to_enable_repo.html#how-to-enable-repo" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">how to enable a repository</a>&nbsp;or if you are concerned about whether&nbsp;<a href="https://docs.pagure.org/copr.copr/user_documentation.html#is-it-safe-to-use-copr" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">is it safe to use Copr</a>, please consult the&nbsp;<a href="https://docs.pagure.org/copr.copr/user_documentation.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">project documentation</a>.</p>



<p>This article takes a closer look at interesting projects that recently landed in Copr.</p>



<span id="more-38402"></span>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><a href="https://github.com/frostyx/fedora-magazine/blob/main/2023-june.md#chatgpt-shell-cli"></a>chatGPT-shell-cli</h2>



<p>This year it seems that anywhere you look,&nbsp;<a href="https://openai.com/product/chatgpt" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">ChatGPT</a>&nbsp;is there. This time we have a lightweight ChatGPT and&nbsp;<a href="https://openai.com/product/dall-e-2" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">DALL-E</a>&nbsp;client, written in Bash, called&nbsp;<a href="https://github.com/0xacx/chatGPT-shell-cli" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">chatGPT-shell-cli</a>. Look for the &#8220;Commands&#8221; section at <a href="http://github.com/0xacx/chatGPT-shell-cli" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">chatGPT-shell-cli </a> for usage. This Bash script can be especially useful for systems without standard dependencies such as Python or Node.js.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="770" height="339" src="https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/chatgpt.png" alt="" class="wp-image-38403" srcset="https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/chatgpt.png 770w, https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/chatgpt-300x132.png 300w, https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/chatgpt-768x338.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 770px) 100vw, 770px" /></figure>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><a href="https://github.com/frostyx/fedora-magazine/blob/main/2023-june.md#installation-instructions"></a>Installation instructions</h3>



<p>The&nbsp;<a href="https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/coprs/kylegospo/chatGPT-shell-cli/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">repo</a>&nbsp;currently provides&nbsp;<em>chatgpt-shell-cli</em>&nbsp;for Fedora 37, 38, Fedora Rawhide, RHEL8, RHEL9, and others. To install it, use these commands:</p>



<pre class="wp-block-preformatted">sudo dnf copr enable kylegospo/chatGPT-shell-cli
sudo dnf install chatgpt-shell-cli</pre>



<p>Note that an OpenAI API key is required to use this script. You may create an account and get a free API Key at <a href="https://beta.openai.com/account/api-keys" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">OpenAI</a>.</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><a href="https://github.com/frostyx/fedora-magazine/blob/main/2023-june.md#hyprland"></a>Hyprland</h2>



<p><a href="https://hyprland.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Hyprland</a> is a beautiful looking compositor for Wayland. It provides dynamic tiling with multiple layouts, smooth animations, and endless customization options. Similarly to&nbsp;<a href="https://swaywm.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Sway</a>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<a href="https://i3wm.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">i3</a>, it has a simple configuration file that doesn&#8217;t require you to know the programming language it was written in.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="2515" height="1415" src="https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/hyprland.png" alt="" class="wp-image-38404" srcset="https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/hyprland.png 2515w, https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/hyprland-300x169.png 300w, https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/hyprland-1024x576.png 1024w, https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/hyprland-768x432.png 768w, https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/hyprland-1536x864.png 1536w, https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/hyprland-2048x1152.png 2048w, https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/hyprland-816x459.png 816w" sizes="(max-width: 2515px) 100vw, 2515px" /></figure>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><a href="https://github.com/frostyx/fedora-magazine/blob/main/2023-june.md#installation-instructions-1"></a>Installation instructions</h3>



<p>The&nbsp;<a href="https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/coprs/carlwgeorge/hyprland/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">repo</a>&nbsp;currently provides Hyprland for Fedora 37, 38, and Fedora Rawhide. To install it, use these commands:</p>



<pre class="wp-block-preformatted">sudo dnf copr enable carlwgeorge/hyprland
sudo dnf install hyprland</pre>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><a href="https://github.com/frostyx/fedora-magazine/blob/main/2023-june.md#wezterm"></a>Wezterm</h2>



<p><a href="https://wezfurlong.org/wezterm/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Wezterm</a>&nbsp;is a modern terminal emulator that runs on all the major operating systems. It has built-in support for terminal multiplexing, rendering images, emojis, GPU acceleration, and many more features.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="771" height="344" src="https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/wezterm.png" alt="" class="wp-image-38405" srcset="https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/wezterm.png 771w, https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/wezterm-300x134.png 300w, https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/wezterm-768x343.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 771px) 100vw, 771px" /></figure>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><a href="https://github.com/frostyx/fedora-magazine/blob/main/2023-june.md#installation-instructions-2"></a>Installation instructions</h3>



<p>The&nbsp;<a href="https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/coprs/zjlin/majesty-dubbed-skyline/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">repo</a>&nbsp;currently provides Wezterm for Fedora 37, 38, and Fedora Rawhide. To install it, use these commands:</p>



<pre class="wp-block-preformatted">sudo dnf copr enable zjlin/majesty-dubbed-skyline
sudo dnf install wezterm</pre>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><a href="https://github.com/frostyx/fedora-magazine/blob/main/2023-june.md#htpdate"></a>htpdate</h2>



<p><a href="http://www.vervest.org/htp/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">htpdate</a>&nbsp;is a time synchronization client for the HTTP Time Protocol (HTP). Is it better than Network Time Protocol (NTP) which is used in Fedora by default? It is not!&nbsp;<a href="https://www.vervest.org/htp/?FAQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">You should use NTP if you can</a>. However, NTP sometimes doesn&#8217;t work because of proxy or firewall restrictions. That&#8217;s when HTP and&nbsp;<em>htpdate</em>&nbsp;become very useful.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="770" height="339" src="https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/htpdate.png" alt="" class="wp-image-38406" srcset="https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/htpdate.png 770w, https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/htpdate-300x132.png 300w, https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/htpdate-768x338.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 770px) 100vw, 770px" /></figure>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><a href="https://github.com/frostyx/fedora-magazine/blob/main/2023-june.md#installation-instructions-3"></a>Installation instructions</h3>



<p>The&nbsp;<a href="https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/coprs/whitehara/htpdate/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">repo</a>&nbsp;currently provides&nbsp;<em>htpdate</em>&nbsp;for Fedora 37, 38, Fedora Rawhide, Fedora ELN, RHEL8, RHEL9, and others. To install it, use these commands:</p>



<pre class="wp-block-preformatted">sudo dnf copr enable whitehara/htpdate
sudo dnf install htpdate</pre>


